i-centrifugation ingahlulahlula ii-nanoparticles ezinyibilikayo

Intshayelelo

I-Centrifugation yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo le-nanotechnology ukwahlula ii-nanoparticles ezahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zazo, ezinje ngobukhulu, imo, kunye noxinano. Ii-nanoparticles ezinyibilikayo, ngokukodwa, zibangela umngeni okhethekileyo ngenxa yokukwazi kwazo ukunyibilikisa okanye ukusasaza kwindawo engamanzi. Eli nqaku ligxila ekusebenziseni i-centrifugation ekwahlukaniseni ii-nanoparticles ezinyibilikayo kwaye liphonononga amaqhinga ahlukeneyo asetyenziswayo ukufezekisa ukwahlukana okusebenzayo.

Ukuqonda i-Centrifugation

I-Centrifugation yinkqubo esebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal ukwahlula amasuntswana kumxube owahlukileyo. Ibandakanya ukujikelezisa isampuli ngesantya esiphezulu, nto leyo ebangela amasuntswana ukuba abe yinkunkuma ngokusekelwe kubunzima bawo. Umgaqo osemva kwe-centrifugation kukuba amasuntswana axineneyo aza kuhlala ngokukhawuleza aze enze i-pellet ezantsi kwetyhubhu, ngelixa amasuntswana akhanyayo eza kuhlala kwi-supernatant.

1. Iindlela zeMveli zokuHlanganisa iCentrifugation

Kwimeko yokwahlula ii-nanoparticles ezinyibilikayo, iindlela zendabuko zokucoca i-centrifugation zisenokungazisi iziphumo ezanelisayo. Ekubeni ii-nanoparticles ezinyibilikayo zidla ngokunyibilika okanye zisasazeke kwindawo engamanzi, zinokuba nzima ukunyibilikisa i-sediment ngempumelelo. Nangona kunjalo, kuye kwenziwa utshintsho oluninzi kwiindlela zesiqhelo zokucoca i-centrifugation ukujongana nale ngxaki.

2. I-Centrifugation yeGradient yoxinano

I-centrifugation ye-density gradient yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu ukwahlula amasuntswana anobunzima obufanayo. Kwimeko ye-nanoparticles ezinyibilikayo, i-density medium inokulungiswa ukuze ifane nobunzima obufunekayo be-particles ekujoliswe kuyo. Ngokubeka isampuli ngononophelo phezu kwe-density gradient eyenziwe kwangaphambili, amasuntswana anokwahlulwa ngokwe-densities zawo njengoko efudukela kwiindawo zawo zokulingana ngaphakathi kwe-medium.

3. I-Chromatography yoKhutshwa koBungakanani-uBuqu (i-SEC)

I-Chromatography yoKhuphelo lobungakanani (i-SEC), eyaziwa ngokuba yi-gel filtration chromatography, yindlela ethandwayo esetyenziselwa ukwahlula iimolekyuli okanye amasuntswana ngokusekelwe kubukhulu bawo. Kwimeko yee-nanoparticles ezinyibilikayo, i-SEC inokulungiswa ukuze yahlule ii-nanoparticles ngokufanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kubukhulu bazo be-hydrodynamic. Ii-nanoparticles ezincinci ziya kungena kwiimbobo zesigaba esingashukumiyo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwixesha elide lokugcina, ngelixa ii-nanoparticles ezinkulu ziya kuphuma ngokukhawuleza.

4. Ukujikeleza kwe-Ultracentrifugation

I-Ultracentrifugation yindlela ephucukileyo yokuxuba i-centrifugation equka isantya esiphezulu kunye namaxesha okubaleka amade kuneendlela eziqhelekileyo. Le ndlela ingasetyenziswa ukwahlula ii-nanoparticles ezinyibilikayo ngokulungelelanisa amandla e-centrifugal asetyenzisiweyo kunye nokwenza ixesha lokusebenza libe ngcono. Ngokufumana iimeko ezifanelekileyo, ii-nanoparticles ezinyibilikayo zinokwahlulwa ngokufanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwii-coefficients zazo ze-sedimentation, okuvumela ukuqokelelwa ngokufanelekileyo kwee-nanoparticles ezijoliswe kuzo.

5. Uxinaniso-I-Gradient Ultracentrifugation

I-ultracentrifugation ye-density-gradient idibanisa imigaqo ye-density gradient centrifugation kunye ne-ultracentrifugation ukuze kwahlulwe ii-nanoparticles ezinyibilikayo. I-density gradient imiselwa kusetyenziswa i-medium efanelekileyo, kwaye isampuli ibekwa phezulu. I-Ultracentrifugation emva koko yenziwa ukuze kwahlulwe ii-nanoparticles ngokusekelwe kuxinano lwazo kwaye kufezekiswe ukuhlukaniswa okuphezulu. Le ndlela ivumela ukwahlula ngokuchanekileyo kobukhulu obahlukeneyo okanye iintlobo zee-nanoparticles ngendlela enyibilikayo.

Isiphelo

Iindlela zokusebenzisa i-centrifugation zibonakalise ukuba zibaluleke kakhulu ekwahlulweni kwee-nanoparticles ezahlukeneyo, kuquka nee-nanoparticles ezinyibilikayo. Ngokutshintsha iindlela zemveli zokusebenzisa i-centrifugation, abaphandi baye bakwazi ukoyisa imingeni enxulumene nokunyibilika kwee-nanoparticles kwaye bafezekise ukwahlukana okusebenzayo. I-centrifugation ye-density gradient, i-chromatography yokukhupha ubungakanani, i-ultracentrifugation, kunye ne-density-gradient ultracentrifugation zezinye zeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziselwa ukwahlula ii-nanoparticles ezinyibilikayo ngokufanelekileyo. Ezi ndlela zivula indlela yokuqhubela phambili kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-nanotechnology kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwezonyango ukuya kwisayensi yokusingqongileyo.