inogona kuparadzanisa nanoparticles dzinonyunguduka

Nhanganyaya

Kupinza zvinhu mumhepo (centrifugation) inzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumunda we nanotechnology kupatsanura zvimedu zvakasiyana-siyana zve nano zvichienderana nehukuru hwazvo, zvakaita sehukuru, chimiro, uye kuwanda kwazvo. Zvimedu zvinonyunguduka, kunyanya, zvinopa dambudziko rakasiyana nekuda kwekugona kwazvo kunyunguduka kana kupararira mune imwe nzvimbo ine mvura. Chinyorwa chino chinotarisa kushandiswa kwekubatanidza zvinhu mukuparadzira zvimedu zvinonyunguduka uye chinoongorora nzira dzakasiyana dzinoshandiswa kuwana kupatsanurana kwakanaka.

Kunzwisisa Centrifugation

Kutenderedza zvinhu (centrifugation) inzira inoshandisa simba repakati (centrifugal force) kuparadzanisa zvidimbu mumusanganiswa wakasiyana-siyana. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutenderedza sample nekumhanya kwakanyanya, izvo zvinoita kuti zvidimbu zviite sedutu zvichienderana nehuremu hwazvo. Pfungwa iri shure kwekubatanidza zvinhu ndeyekuti zvidimbu zvakapetwa zvichagara nekukurumidza uye zvoita pellet pasi pechubhu, nepo zvidimbu zvakareruka zvichiramba zviri mu supernatant.

1. Maitiro Echinyakare Ekugadzira Centrifugation

Pakupatsanura nanoparticles dzinonyungudika, nzira dzechinyakare dzekugadzira centrifugation dzingasapa mhedzisiro inogutsa. Sezvo nanoparticles dzinonyungudika dzichiwanzonyungudika kana kupararira mumvura, dzinogona kuoma kuita kuti dhaka rishande zvakanaka. Zvisinei, shanduko dzakawanda dzakaitwa panzira dzekugadzira centrifugation dzakagadzirwa kuti dzigadzirise dambudziko iri.

2. Kudzora Kureba Kwemagiraidhi

Kuyera density gradient centrifugation inzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kupatsanura zvidimbu zvine densities dzakafanana. Panyaya ye nanoparticles dzinonyungudika, density medium inogona kugadziriswa kuti ienderane ne density inodiwa yezvidimbu zvakatarwa. Nekuisa sample zvakanaka pamusoro pe density gradient yakagadzirwa kare, nanoparticles dzinogona kupatsanurwa zvichienderana ne densities dzadzo sezvadzinofamba dzichienda kunzvimbo dzadzo dze equilibrium mukati me medium.

3. Kusakura-Kusabvisa Chromatography (SEC)

Kubvisa Saizi-Kubvisa Chromatography (SEC), inozivikanwawo segel filtration chromatography, inzira inozivikanwa inoshandiswa kupatsanura mamorekuru kana zvidimbu zvichienderana nehukuru hwazvo. Panyaya yezvikamu zvidiki zvinonyunguduka, SEC inogona kugadziriswa kuti iparadzanise zvikamu zvidiki zvichienderana nehukuru hwazvo hwehydrodynamic. Zvikamu zvidiki zvinopinda mumaburi echikamu chisingachinji, zvichikonzera nguva yakareba yekuchengeta, nepo zvikamu zvikuru zvichikurumidza kubuda.

4. Kudzora kupisa kwemhepo zvakanyanya (Ultracentrifugation)

Ultracentrifugation inzira yepamusoro ye centrifugation inosanganisira kumhanya kwakanyanya uye nguva refu yekumhanya kupfuura nzira dzemazuva ese. Iyi nzira inogona kushandiswa kupatsanura nanoparticles dzinonyungudika nekugadzirisa simba re centrifugal rinoshandiswa uye kugadzirisa nguva yekumhanya. Nekuwana mamiriro akakodzera, nanoparticles dzinonyungudika dzinogona kupatsanurwa zvinobudirira zvichienderana nema sedimentation coefficients adzo, zvichibvumira kuunganidzwa kwakanaka kwenanoparticles dzakanangwa.

5. Kudzora Kuwanda Kwemagiramu Emagetsi (Ultracentrifugation)

Kushandiswa kwe density-gradient ultracentrifugation kunobatanidza misimboti ye density gradient centrifugation uye ultracentrifugation kuparadzanisa nanoparticles dzinonyungudika. Kushandiswa kwe density gradient kunogadzirwa uchishandisa nzira yakakodzera, uye muenzaniso unoiswa pamusoro. Kushandiswa kwe ultracentrifugation kunozoitwa kupatsanura nanoparticles zvichienderana nehuwandu hwadzo uye kuwana high-resolution fractionation. Iyi nzira inobvumira kupatsanurwa kwakanyatsojeka kwehukuru hwakasiyana kana mhando dze nanoparticles muchimiro chinonyungudika.

Mhedziso

Matekiniki ekugadzira centrifugation aratidza kuva akakosha mukupatsanurana kwezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zve nanoparticles, kusanganisira zvikamu zvidiki zvinonyunguduka. Nekuchinja nzira dzechinyakare dzekugadzira centrifugation, vaongorori vakakwanisa kukunda matambudziko ane chekuita nekunyunguduka kwezvikamu zvidiki uye kuwana kupatsanurwa kunobudirira. Kupatsanurwa kwe density gradient centrifugation, saizi-exclusion chromatography, ultracentrifugation, uye density-gradient ultracentrifugation ndedzimwe nzira dzakasiyana dzinoshandiswa kupatsanura zvikamu zvidiki zvinonyunguduka zvinobudirira. Matekiniki aya anovhura nzira yekufambira mberi nekushandiswa kwe nanotechnology muminda yakasiyana-siyana kubva kumishonga kusvika kusayenzi yezvakatipoteredza.