Kodi centrifuge imagawa bwanji magazi kuti apange seramu?

Kodi Centrifuge imalekanitsa bwanji magazi kuti apange seramu?

Chiyambi

Magazi ndi madzi ofunikira kwambiri omwe amanyamula zakudya zofunika, mpweya, mahomoni, ndi maselo m'thupi lathu lonse. Ngakhale nthawi zambiri timagwirizanitsa magazi ndi mtundu wake wofiira, kwenikweni amakhala ndi zigawo zingapo, kuphatikizapo plasma, maselo ofiira ndi oyera a magazi, ndi ma platelet. Koma seramu ndi gawo loyera komanso lamadzimadzi la magazi lomwe limatsala pambuyo poti magazi aundana. Seramu ili ndi mapuloteni osiyanasiyana, ma antibodies, ma enzyme, ndi mahomoni. Kuti tipeze seramu kuchokera m'magazi, njira yotchedwa centrifugation imagwiritsidwa ntchito. M'nkhaniyi, tifufuza njira yosangalatsa ya momwe centrifuge imalekanitsira magazi kuti apange seramu.

1. Kumvetsetsa Centrifugation

Kutsegula magetsi ndi njira yamakina yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya centrifugal kulekanitsa zigawo za chinthu chamadzimadzi kutengera kuchuluka kwake. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana asayansi ndi azachipatala, kuphatikiza zamoyo, chemistry, ndi ma laboratories azachipatala. Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potsegula magetsi zimatchedwa centrifuge. Makinawa amazungulira zitsanzo mwachangu kwambiri, ndikupanga mphamvu ya centrifugal yomwe imalola njira yolekanitsira.

2. Kapangidwe ka Magazi

Kuti mumvetse momwe centrifugation imalekanitsira magazi kuti apeze seramu, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kapangidwe ka magazi. Magazi amapangidwa makamaka ndi plasma, maselo ofiira a magazi (erythrocytes), maselo oyera a magazi (leukocytes), ndi ma platelets (thrombocytes). Plasma imapanga pafupifupi 55% ya kuchuluka kwa magazi ndipo ndi madzi achikasu okhala ndi madzi, mapuloteni, mahomoni, ma electrolytes, ndi michere ina. 45% yotsalayo imapangidwa ndi zigawo za maselo—maselo ofiira ndi oyera a magazi, komanso ma platelets.

3. Njira Yogwiritsira Ntchito Centrifugation

Kuti magazi alekanitsidwe m'magazi ndi zigawo zake za maselo, chitsanzo cha magazi chimasonkhanitsidwa mu chubu chomwe chili ndi anticoagulant kuti chisatseke magazi kuundana. Anticoagulant iyi imatsimikizira kuti magazi amakhalabe mu mkhalidwe wamadzimadzi panthawi ya centrifugation. Kenako chubucho chimayikidwa mu centrifuge ndikuzunguliridwa ndi liwiro lalikulu. Pamene centrifuge ikufulumira, zigawo za maselo olemera kwambiri, omwe ndi maselo ofiira ndi oyera a magazi, pamodzi ndi ma platelet, zimakakamizika pansi pa chubu chifukwa cha mphamvu ya centrifugal.

4. Kuchulukana Kosiyanasiyana ndi Njira Yopatukana

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakulekanitsa magazi ndi kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa magazi. Gawo lililonse lili ndi kuchuluka kosiyana, komwe kumatsimikiza momwe lidzalekanitsire panthawi ya centrifugation. Maselo ofiira amagazi ndi olemera kuposa maselo oyera amagazi ndi ma platelet, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhazikike pansi pa chubu. Gawo lapamwamba la chubu, lomwe lili ndi plasma ndi maselo ena oyera amagazi ndi ma platelet otsala, limafufutidwa kuti lipeze seramu. Gawoli limakonzedwanso kuti lipeze seramu yoyera, yopanda zigawo za maselo.

5. Kusonkhanitsa ndi Kusunga Seramu

Gawo lapamwamba likangotuluka, seramu yotsalayo imasonkhanitsidwa mosamala kuti ipewe kuipitsidwa kulikonse. Ndikofunikira kugwira seramu yosonkhanitsidwayo ndi zinthu zosawononga kuti ikhalebe yoyera. Pambuyo posonkhanitsa, seramuyo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito poyesa mayeso osiyanasiyana a labotale, njira zodziwira matenda, komanso kafukufuku wazachipatala. Seramuyo imafunika kusungidwa kutentha kochepa, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi -80°C, kuti isunge kapangidwe kake ka michere ndikuisunga kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito mtsogolo.

Mapeto

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito centrifugation imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakulekanitsa magazi kuti apeze seramu. Pogwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa magawo a magazi ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya centrifuga, centrifuge imalekanitsa bwino plasma ndi zinthu zamaselo monga maselo ofiira ndi oyera amagazi, komanso ma platelet. Seramu yomwe imachokera ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zambiri zachipatala ndi zasayansi. Kumvetsetsa momwe centrifuge imalekanitsira magazi kuti apange seramu ndikofunikira kwambiri pa njira zosiyanasiyana za labotale ndipo kumathandizira kupita patsogolo m'munda wa zamankhwala ndi kafukufuku.