Imveliso yobungcali yokwahlulahlula i-centrifuge kunye nomenzi woomatshini bamayeza - iZonelink

i-centrifuge iyahlula njani igazi ukuze yenze i-serum

2023-08-14

zonelink

I-Centrifuge ilahlula njani igazi ukuze lenze i-serum?

Intshayelelo

Igazi lulwelo olubalulekileyo oluthwala izondlo ezibalulekileyo, ioksijini, iihomoni, kunye neeseli emizimbeni yethu yonke. Nangona sihlala sidibanisa igazi nombala walo obomvu, eneneni liqulathe izinto ezininzi, kuquka iplasma, iiseli zegazi ezibomvu nezimhlophe, kunye neeplatelets. Kwelinye icala, i-serum yinxalenye ecacileyo nelulwelo yegazi eseleyo emva kokuba kuvele ukujiya kwegazi. I-serum ineeproteni ezahlukeneyo, ii-antibodies, ii-enzymes, kunye neehomoni. Ukuze kufunyanwe i-serum egazini, kusetyenziswa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-centrifugation. Kweli nqaku, siza kujonga inkqubo enomdla yendlela i-centrifuge eyahlula ngayo igazi ukuze lenze i-serum.

1. Ukuqonda i-Centrifugation

I-Centrifugation yinkqubo yoomatshini esebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal ukwahlula izinto zento engamanzi ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bazo. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesayensi nezonyango, kubandakanya ibhayoloji, ikhemistri, kunye neelebhu zeklinikhi. Izixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwi-centrifugation zibizwa ngokuba yi-centrifuge. Lo matshini ujikelezisa iisampuli ngesantya esiphezulu, uvelisa amandla e-centrifugal avumela inkqubo yokwahlulahlula.

2. Ukwakheka Kwegazi

Ukuze uqonde indlela i-centrifugation eyahlula ngayo igazi ukuze ufumane i-serum, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukwakheka okusisiseko kwegazi. Igazi lenziwe ikakhulu yi-plasma, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi (ii-erythrocytes), iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi (ii-leukocytes), kunye neeplatelets (ii-thrombocytes). I-plasma yenza malunga ne-55% yomthamo wegazi kwaye lulwelo olutyheli oluquka amanzi, iiproteni, iihomoni, ii-electrolytes, kunye nezinye izondlo. Ama-45% aseleyo enziwe zizinto zeseli—iiseli ezibomvu nezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets.

3. Inkqubo yeCentrifugation

Ukuze kwahlulwe igazi libe yi-serum kunye neenxalenye zalo zeeseli, isampuli yegazi iqokelelwa kwityhubhu equlethe i-anticoagulant ukuthintela ukujiya kwegazi. Le anticoagulant iqinisekisa ukuba igazi lihlala likwimeko yolwelo ngexesha lenkqubo ye-centrifugation. Emva koko ityhubhu ifakwa kwi-centrifuge kwaye ijikelezwe ngesantya esiphezulu. Njengoko i-centrifuge ikhawuleza, iinxalenye zeeseli ezixineneyo, ezizezi iiseli zegazi ezibomvu nezimhlophe, kunye neeplatelets, zinyanzelwa ezantsi kwityhubhu ngenxa yamandla e-centrifugal.

4. Ubuninzi boMda kunye neNkqubo yoKwahlula

Enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokwahlukana kukwanda koxinano lwezakhi zegazi. Icandelo ngalinye linoxinano olwahlukileyo, oluchaza indlela eliza kwahluka ngayo ngexesha lokuxinaniswa kwegazi. Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zixinene kuneeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets, nto leyo ebangela ukuba zihlale ezantsi kwetyhubhu. Umaleko ophezulu wetyhubhu, oqulethe iplasma kunye nezinye iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets eziseleyo, uyafuthwa ukuze kufunyanwe i-serum. Olu maleko luqhubekeka ukucutshungulwa ukuze kufunyanwe i-serum ecocekileyo, engenazo iiseli.

5. Ukuqokelelwa kunye nokugcinwa kweSerum

Nje ukuba umaleko ophezulu uphefumile, i-serum eseleyo iqokelelwa ngononophelo ukuze kuthintelwe naluphi na ungcoliseko. Kubalulekile ukuphatha i-serum eqokelelweyo ngezinto ezicocekileyo ukuze kugcinwe ubunyulu bayo. Emva kokuqokelelwa, i-serum ingasetyenziselwa iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zelebhu, iinkqubo zokuxilonga, kunye nophando lwezonyango. I-serum kufuneka igcinwe kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi, ngesiqhelo malunga ne--80°C, ukuze kugcinwe ukwakheka kwayo kwe-biochemical kwaye kugcinwe ukusetyenziswa kwixesha elizayo.

Isiphelo

Inkqubo ye-centrifugation idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwahlukaniseni igazi ukuze kufunyanwe i-serum. Ngokusebenzisa ubuninzi beenxalenye zegazi kunye nokusebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal, i-centrifuge yahlula ngempumelelo i-plasma kwizinto zeseli ezifana neeseli zegazi ezibomvu nezimhlophe, kunye neeplatelets. I-serum ephumayo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo esetyenziswa kwiindlela ezininzi zonyango nezenzululwazi. Ukuqonda inkqubo yendlela i-centrifuge eyahlula ngayo igazi ukuze lenze i-serum kubalulekile kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zelebhu kwaye negalelo ekuqhubekeni kwicandelo lezonyango nophando.