i-centrifuge ihlukanisa kanjani igazi ukuze yenze i-serum

I-Centrifuge ihlukanisa kanjani igazi ukuze yenze i-Serum?

Isingeniso

Igazi liwuketshezi olubalulekile oluthwala izakhamzimba ezibalulekile, umoya-mpilo, ama-hormone, namaseli emizimbeni yethu yonke. Nakuba sivame ukuhlobanisa igazi nombala walo obomvu, empeleni liqukethe izingxenye eziningana, okuhlanganisa i-plasma, amaseli egazi abomvu namhlophe, nama-platelet. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-serum iyingxenye ecacile newuketshezi yegazi esala ngemva kokuba kuvele ukujiya kwegazi. I-serum iqukethe amaprotheni ahlukahlukene, ama-antibodies, ama-enzyme, nama-hormone. Ukuze kutholakale i-serum egazini, kusetshenziswa inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-centrifugation. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola inqubo ethakazelisayo yokuthi i-centrifuge ihlukanisa kanjani igazi ukuze lenze i-serum.

1. Ukuqonda i-Centrifugation

I-Centrifugation inqubo yomshini esebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal ukuhlukanisa izingxenye zento ewuketshezi ngokusekelwe ekubuneni kwazo. Isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eyahlukene yesayensi neyezokwelapha, kufaka phakathi i-biology, i-chemistry, kanye nama-laboratory emitholampilo. Imishini esetshenziswa eku-centrifugation ibizwa ngokuthi i-centrifuge. Lo mshini ujikeleza amasampula ngesivinini esikhulu, ukhiqiza amandla e-centrifugal avumela inqubo yokuhlukanisa.

2. Ukwakheka Kwegazi

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi i-centrifugation ihlukanisa kanjani igazi ukuze kutholakale i-serum, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukwakheka kwegazi okuyisisekelo. Igazi lakhiwa ngokuyinhloko i-plasma, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi (ama-erythrocyte), amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi (ama-leukocyte), kanye nama-platelet (ama-thrombocyte). I-plasma yakha cishe u-55% womthamo wegazi futhi iwuketshezi oluphuzi oluqukethe amanzi, amaprotheni, ama-hormone, ama-electrolyte, nezinye izakhamzimba. Ama-45% asele akhiwa izingxenye zamaseli—amangqamuzana egazi abomvu namhlophe, kanye nama-platelet.

3. Inqubo Yokukhuphula I-Centrifugation

Ukuze kuhlukaniswe igazi libe yi-serum kanye nezingxenye zalo zamaseli, isampula yegazi iqoqwa iyiswe epayipini eliqukethe i-anticoagulant ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi. Le anticoagulant iqinisekisa ukuthi igazi lihlala lisesimweni soketshezi ngesikhathi senqubo ye-centrifugation. Ipayipi libe selifakwa ku-centrifuge bese lijikeleziswa ngesivinini esikhulu. Njengoba i-centrifuge ishesha, izingxenye zamaseli ezixineneyo, okungukuthi amangqamuzana egazi abomvu namhlophe, kanye nama-platelet, ziphoqelelwa phansi kwepayipi ngenxa yamandla e-centrifugal.

4. Ubuningi Bokwehluka kanye Nenqubo Yokuhlukanisa

Esinye sezici ezibalulekile enkambisweni yokuhlukanisa ubuningi obuhlukile bezingxenye zegazi. Ingxenye ngayinye inobukhulu obuhlukile, okunquma ukuthi izohlukana kanjani ngesikhathi sokugeleza kwegazi. Amaseli abomvu egazi aminyene kunamaseli amhlophe egazi nama-platelet, okwenza ahlale phansi kwepayipi. Ingqimba ephezulu yepayipi, equkethe i-plasma kanye namanye amaseli amhlophe egazi asele nama-platelet, iyafuthwa ukuze kutholakale i-serum. Lolu ngqimba lucutshungulwa kabanzi ukuze kutholakale i-serum emsulwa, engenazo izingxenye zeseli.

5. Ukuqoqwa Nokugcinwa Kwe-Serum

Uma ungqimba oluphezulu seluphefumuliwe, i-serum esele iqoqwa ngokucophelela ukuze kugwenywe noma yikuphi ukungcola. Kubalulekile ukuphatha i-serum eqoqwe ngezinto ezihlanzekile ukuze kulondolozwe ubumsulwa bayo. Ngemva kokuqoqwa, i-serum ingasetshenziswa ezivivinyweni ezahlukene zelebhu, izinqubo zokuxilonga, kanye nocwaningo lwezokwelapha. I-serum idinga ukugcinwa emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ngokuvamile azungeze -80°C, ukuze kulondolozwe ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali futhi kugcinwe ukuze kusetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo.

Isiphetho

Inqubo ye-centrifugation idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlukaniseni igazi ukuze kutholakale i-serum. Ngokusebenzisa ubuningi obuhlukile bezingxenye zegazi nokusebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal, i-centrifuge ihlukanisa ngempumelelo i-plasma ezintweni zamaseli ezifana namaseli egazi abomvu namhlophe, kanye nama-platelet. I-serum ephumayo iyisakhi esibalulekile esisetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezokwelapha nezesayensi. Ukuqonda inqubo yokuthi i-centrifuge ihlukanisa kanjani igazi ukuze lenze i-serum kubalulekile ezinqubweni ezahlukene zelebhu futhi kunegalelo ekuthuthukisweni emkhakheni wezokwelapha nocwaningo.