Kodi centrifuge imalekanitsa bwanji zinthu zolimba ndi zamadzimadzi mwachangu chonchi?

Chiyambi cha Centrifugation

Kugawa mphamvu zamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito centrifugation ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana komanso m'magawo ofufuza kuti alekanitse zinthu zolimba ndi zamadzimadzi bwino. Ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo za mphamvu ya centrifugal kulekanitsa zigawo zosiyanasiyana kutengera kuchuluka kapena kukula kwake. M'nkhaniyi, tifufuza momwe centrifuge ingapangire kulekanitsa mwachangu chonchi, komanso kufufuza momwe imagwiritsidwira ntchito komanso kupita patsogolo kwake.

Mfundo Yogwira Ntchito ya Centrifuge

Kachipangizo kozungulira kamakhala ndi chozungulira chozungulira ndi chogwirira chitsanzo, chomwe chimadziwika kuti chubu chozungulira. Kachipangizo kozungulira kakazungulira mofulumira kwambiri, kamapanga mphamvu yozungulira yomwe imagwira ntchito mozungulira kunja. Mphamvu imeneyi imapangitsa tinthu tokhuthala kapena zinthu zina kuti zichoke pakati pa kuzungulira ndikukhazikika pansi pa chubu, pomwe zinthu zopepuka zimakhala pafupi ndi pamwamba.

Liwiro limene rotor imazungulira ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakudziwa momwe centrifuge imagawikirana. Liwiro lozungulira likakwera, mphamvu ya centrifugal imakhala yolimba kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, centrifuges zimapangidwa kuti zizigwira ntchito pa liwiro lalikulu kwambiri, nthawi zambiri kuyambira pa masauzande angapo pa mphindi (RPM) mpaka makumi angapo zikwi.

Kutayidwa kwa Centrifugal

Njira imodzi yoyambira yomwe centrifuge imalekanitsira zinthu zolimba ndi zamadzimadzi imatchedwa centrifugal sedimentation. Njirayi imachokera pa kuchulukana kosiyanasiyana kwa zigawo zomwe zili mu chitsanzocho.

Chitsanzocho chikayikidwa mu chubu choyezera madzi ndikuzunguliridwa, zinthu zolimba kwambiri - monga tinthu tating'onoting'ono, maselo, kapena zinyalala - zimakhazikika mwachangu pansi pa chubu chifukwa cha mphamvu yamphamvu ya centrifugal. Pakadali pano, supernatant yamadzimadzi imakhalabe pamwamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zichotsedwe mosavuta kapena kuchotsedwa.

Kuchuluka kwa Gradient Centrifugation

Ngakhale kuti centrifugal sedimentation imagwira ntchito bwino polekanitsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, tinthu tating'onoting'ono komanso tosalimba tingafunike njira ina. Apa ndi pomwe density gradient centrifugation imagwira ntchito.

Kuchuluka kwa ma centrifugation kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito njira yokhazikika yokhazikika, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi sucrose kapena iodixanol. Njirayi imayikidwa mosamala mu chubu cha centrifuge, ndikupanga kuchuluka kwa ma centrifuge komwe kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi.

Pamene chitsanzocho chawonjezeredwa ku chubu ndikuzunguliridwa, zigawozo zimasuntha kudzera mu kuchuluka kwa kachulukidwe mpaka zitafika pa kachulukidwe kake kofanana. Njira imeneyi imalola kulekanitsa tinthu kapena zinthu zomwe zili ndi kachulukidwe kofanana koma kuchuluka kwa sedimentation kumasiyana.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Centrifugation

Kuthamanga ndi kugwira ntchito bwino kwa centrifuge kwapangitsa kuti izigwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Mu ma laboratories azachipatala, centrifuge ndi zida zofunika kwambiri zolekanitsira plasma kapena serum kuchokera ku zitsanzo zamagazi, kupatula DNA, kapena kukonza ma cell cultures.

Mu makampani opanga mankhwala, centrifugation imathandiza kuyeretsa mankhwala, monga insulin kapena maantibayotiki, mwa kulekanitsa zinyalala ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito. Imagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu biotechnology popanga katemera wambiri, mapuloteni ophatikizana, ndi mafuta achilengedwe.

Kuphatikiza apo, kugawa madzi m'maselo (centrifugation) kumachita gawo lofunika kwambiri mu sayansi ya zachilengedwe ndi zasayansi. Kumathandiza kusanthula zitsanzo za nthaka, madzi, ndi mpweya mwa kulekanitsa tinthu tomwe tapachikidwa kapena zoipitsa kuti zifufuzidwenso.

Kupita Patsogolo mu Ukadaulo wa Centrifugation

Kwa zaka zambiri, ukadaulo wa centrifugation wapita patsogolo kwambiri. Ma centrifuge othamanga kwambiri akhala ang'onoang'ono, ogwira ntchito bwino, komanso okhala ndi makina owongolera apamwamba omwe amatha kugwira ntchito zambirimbiri za zitsanzo pamene akusunga magawo olondola olekanitsa.

Kuphatikiza apo, kupita patsogolo kwa mapangidwe a ma rotor, monga ma rotor okhazikika, ma rotor ozungulira, kapena ma rotor oyima, kumapereka kuthekera kosinthika kwambiri ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zitsanzo ndi kuchuluka. Kusintha kumeneku kwawonjezera kwambiri kusinthasintha ndi liwiro la kulekanitsa komwe centrifuge ingapeze.

Pomaliza, centrifugation ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yolekanitsira zinthu zolimba ndi zamadzimadzi m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana ndi m'magawo ofufuza. Kaya kudzera mu centrifugal sedimentation kapena density gradient centrifugation, njirayi imalola kulekanitsa bwino ndikuthandizira kusanthula kwina ndi kukonza zinthu zomwe zikufunidwa. Ndi kupita patsogolo komwe kukupitilira, centrifugation ikupitilira kukhala yofunika kwambiri m'machitidwe asayansi ndi mafakitale amakono.