no ke aha i hoʻokaʻawale ʻole ai ke koko i loko o kahi centrifuge
No ke aha i hoʻokaʻawale ʻole ʻia ai ke koko i loko o kahi centrifuge?
Hoʻolauna:
He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ke koko o ke kino kanaka, e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he laina ola e lawe ana i ka oxygen, nā meaʻai, a me nā hormones ma loko o kā mākou ʻōnaehana. Loaʻa iā ia nā ʻāpana like ʻole, me nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo, nā platelets, a me ka plasma. Ke hele mākou i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau a i ʻole e pono ai ke hoʻoili koko, pono e hoʻokaʻawale i kēia mau ʻāpana no nā kumu diagnostic a therapeutic paha. ʻO ka centrifugation kahi ʻenehana i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e hoʻokō i kēia hoʻokaʻawale ʻana me ka maikaʻi. Eia naʻe, ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe no ke aha ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ke koko i loko o kahi centrifuge? Ma kēia ʻatikala, e ʻimi mākou i nā mea e kōkua ai i kēia hanana hoihoi a me nā loina ʻepekema e pili ana iā ia.
Nā ʻĀpana Koko a me ko lākou mau Waiwai
Ma mua o ke komo ʻana i loko o ka ʻepekema ma hope o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ke koko, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i ka haku mele ʻana a me nā ʻano o kona mau ʻāpana like ʻole.
1.1 – Nā Kelepona Koko ʻUlaʻula (Erythrocytes):
ʻO nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula nā hunaola nui loa i loko o ko kākou koko. Lawe lākou i ka oxygen mai nā māmā a i nā ʻiʻo o ke kino a lawe i ke kalapona ʻokikene i nā māmā no ka hoʻopau ʻana. Loaʻa i kēia mau hunaola ka hemoglobin, kahi protein e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka oxygen a hāʻawi iā lākou i ko lākou kala ʻulaʻula.
1.2 – Nā Kelepona Koko Keʻokeʻo (Nā Leukocytes):
He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo i loko o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale kino, e pale ana i ko mākou kino mai nā maʻi a me nā maʻi. Aia nā ʻano hunaola koko keʻokeʻo like ʻole, kēlā me kēia mea i loea i nā ʻano pale kūikawā. ʻAʻole e like me nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, he mau nuclei ko lākou a nele i ka hemoglobin.
1.3 – Nā Platelets (Thrombocytes):
ʻO nā platelets ke kuleana no ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko a he kuleana koʻikoʻi ko lākou i ka ho'ōla ʻana i nā ʻeha. He mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi lākou e kaʻapuni ana i loko o ke koko, e noho hana ʻole ana a hiki i ka wā e hōʻino ʻia ai kekahi kīʻaha koko. Ke hoʻāla ʻia, hōʻuluʻulu nā platelets e hana i nā clots, e pale ana i ke kahe nui ʻana o ke koko.
1.4 – Plasma:
ʻO ka plasma ka ʻāpana wai o ke koko, e hana ana ma kahi o 55% o kona nui holoʻokoʻa. Hana nui ʻia ia me ka wai akā loaʻa pū kekahi i nā electrolytes, nā protein plasma (e like me ka albumin a me nā globulins), nā hormones, nā enzymes, a me nā huahana ʻōpala. Hana ia ma ke ʻano he wahi no ka lawe ʻana i nā meaʻai, nā hormones, a me nā mea ʻōpala.
Ke Kumumanaʻo o ka Centrifugation
ʻO ka centrifugation kahi ʻenehana e hoʻohana ai i ka ikaika centrifugal e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana me nā density like ʻole i loko o kahi hāpana.
2.1 – Hoʻolālā Centrifuge:
ʻO nā centrifuges he rotor, kahi e paʻa ai nā paipu e loaʻa ana ka laʻana, a me kahi motika e milo ai i ka rotor i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻopuka ka rotor milo i ka ikaika centrifugal, e hoʻokuke ana i nā ʻāpana kaumaha o ka laʻana i nā paia o waho o nā paipu.
2.2 – Ikaika Centrifugal:
ʻO ka ikaika centrifugal kahi ikaika i ʻike ʻia e nā mea i ka neʻe pōʻai. Kuhikuhi ʻia ia mai ke kikowaena o ka wili a kūlike ia me ka nuipa o ka mea a me ka huinahā o kona wikiwiki. I loko o kahi centrifuge, hoʻokele kēia ikaika i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā ʻāpana koko.
Ke Kūlana o ka Density i ka Hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ke Koko
3.1 – Ka nui o nā ʻāpana koko:
ʻO ka mea kupaianaha o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ke koko i loko o kahi centrifuge, ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana i nā papa like ʻole. Akā, hana lākou i kahi gradient stratified e pili ana i ko lākou density. ʻO nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, ʻo ia ke kaumaha loa, e waiho ana i lalo, a ukali ʻia e nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo a me nā platelets. Noho ka plasma ma luna no ka mea ʻo ia ka ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa.
3.2 – ʻO ke kapa komo Buffy:
ʻO ka papa waena, aia ma waena o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ma lalo a me ka plasma ma luna, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo ka ʻahuʻula buffy. Loaʻa iā ia kahi hui ʻana o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo a me nā platelets. ʻOiai ko lākou nui haʻahaʻa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻolaha like ma loko o ka plasma ma muli o ka launa pū ʻana o nā mana like ʻole.
Nā kumu centrifugation e hoʻopilikia ai i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ke koko
4.1 – Ka wikiwiki a me ka manawa o ka Centrifuge:
ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka milo ʻana o ka rotor a me ka lōʻihi o ka centrifugation he kuleana koʻikoʻi ia i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻāpana koko. ʻO nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe a me nā lōʻihi lōʻihi e ʻae ai i ka hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi ʻana, ʻoiai ua hoʻokau ʻia ka ikaika centrifugal no kahi manawa lōʻihi.
4.2 – Hoʻolālā Paipu:
Hoʻopilikia pū ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka paipu i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ke koko. Hiki i nā paipu kūikawā me nā medium gradient a i ʻole nā mea hoʻokomo gel ke kōkua i ka hoʻokō ʻana i kahi kaʻawale i wehewehe pono ʻia, e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi ʻaʻahu buffy a hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale maopopo ma waena o nā papa like ʻole.
ʻO ka Viscoelasticity a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe e pāʻani ana
5.1 – Viscoelasticity o ke koko:
Hōʻike ke koko i nā waiwai viscoelastic, ʻo ia hoʻi he mau ʻano o ka wai a me ka paʻa. Hoʻopili kēia waiwai i ka neʻe ʻana o nā ʻāpana i ka wā o ka centrifugation, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka ʻaʻahu buffy a me kahi kaʻawale papa ʻokoʻa ʻole.
5.2 – Hoʻēmi ʻana o ka Centrifuge:
ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻēmi ʻana o ka centrifuge ma hope o ke kaʻina hana milo hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ke koko. Hiki i ka hoʻēmi wikiwiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka stratification o nā ʻāpana, ʻoiai ʻo ka hoʻēmi mālie e hāʻawi i kahi kaʻawale ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
Hopena:
I ka hopena, ʻo ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ke koko i loko o kahi centrifuge he hanana paʻakikī i hoʻopili ʻia e ka nui, ka nui, a me ke ʻano viscoelastic o kona mau ʻāpana. ʻO ka stratification kupaianaha e ʻae ai i ka hoʻokaʻawale pono ʻana, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ana i ka hoʻāʻo diagnostic a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā intricacies ma hope o kēia kaʻina hana e hoʻonui i ko mākou mahalo i nā loina ʻepekema a me ka ʻenekinia e hoʻokele ai i ka centrifugation. I ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻenehana, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe maoli nā hana hou e hiki mai ana i kēia ʻano hana, e hoʻokuke hou aku i nā palena o ka ʻimi ʻepekema a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā hana lapaʻau.
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