Me yasa jini baya rabuwa a cikin centrifuge

Me Yasa Jini Ba Ya Raba A Cikin Centrifuge?

Gabatarwa:

Jini muhimmin sashi ne na jikin ɗan adam, yana aiki a matsayin layin rai wanda ke jigilar iskar oxygen, abubuwan gina jiki, da hormones a cikin tsarinmu. Ya ƙunshi sassa daban-daban, ciki har da ƙwayoyin jinin ja, ƙwayoyin jinin fararen fata, platelets, da plasma. Lokacin da muke yin gwaje-gwajen likita ko muna buƙatar ƙarin jini, yana da mahimmanci a raba waɗannan sassan don dalilai na bincike ko magani. Centrifugation wata dabara ce da aka saba amfani da ita don cimma wannan rabuwa cikin inganci. Duk da haka, shin kun taɓa mamakin dalilin da yasa jini ba ya rabuwa a cikin centrifuge? A cikin wannan labarin, za mu bincika abubuwan da ke ba da gudummawa ga wannan abin mamaki da ƙa'idodin kimiyya da ke ƙarƙashinsa.

Sinadaran Jini da Sifofinsu

Kafin mu zurfafa cikin ilimin da ke tattare da rabuwar jini, yana da muhimmanci mu fahimci abubuwan da ke cikinsa da kuma halayensa daban-daban.

1.1 – Kwayoyin jinin ja (Erythrocytes):

Kwayoyin jinin ja sune ƙwayoyin halitta mafi yawa a cikin jininmu. Suna ɗaukar iskar oxygen daga huhu zuwa kyallen jikinmu sannan su mayar da iskar carbon dioxide zuwa huhu don kawar da su. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin suna ɗauke da haemoglobin, wani furotin da ke ɗaure iskar oxygen kuma yana ba su launin ja.

1.2 – Kwayoyin Jini Masu Fari (Leukocytes):

Fararen ƙwayoyin jini suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a tsarin garkuwar jikinmu, suna kare jikinmu daga kamuwa da cututtuka da cututtuka. Akwai nau'ikan ƙwayoyin jinin fari daban-daban, kowannensu ya ƙware a takamaiman hanyoyin kariya. Ba kamar ƙwayoyin jinin ja ba, suna da ƙwayoyin halitta kuma ba su da haemoglobin.

1.3 – Platelets (Thrombocytes):

Platelets suna da alhakin toshewar jini kuma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen warkar da raunuka. Su ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta ne da ke yawo a cikin jini, suna zama marasa aiki har sai an lalata jijiyoyin jini. Da zarar an kunna su, platelets suna taruwa don samar da gudawa, suna hana zubar jini mai yawa.

1.4 – Jini:

Plasma wani sinadari ne na ruwa a cikin jini, wanda ya ƙunshi kusan kashi 55% na jimlar yawansa. Ya ƙunshi ruwa amma kuma ya ƙunshi electrolytes, sunadaran plasma (kamar albumin da globulins), hormones, enzymes, da sharar gida. Yana aiki azaman hanyar jigilar abubuwan gina jiki, hormones, da kayan sharar gida.

Ka'idar Centrifugation

Centrifugation wata dabara ce da ke amfani da ƙarfin centrifugal don raba abubuwan da ke da yawa daban-daban a cikin samfurin.

2.1 - Tsarin Centrifuge:

Na'urorin centrifuges sun ƙunshi na'urar rotor, wadda ke riƙe da bututun da ke ɗauke da samfurin, da kuma injin da ke juya na'urar a cikin babban gudu. Na'urar rotor mai juyawa tana samar da ƙarfin centrifugal, tana tura sassan samfurin masu nauyi zuwa bangon waje na bututun.

2.2 - Ƙarfin Centrifugal:

Ƙarfin centrifugal wani ƙarfi ne da abubuwa ke fuskanta a cikin motsi na zagaye. Ana karkatar da shi daga tsakiyar juyawa kuma yana daidai da nauyin abu da murabba'in saurinsa. A cikin centrifuge, wannan ƙarfin yana jagorantar rabuwar sassan jini.

Matsayin Yawan Jinni a Raba Jini

3.1 - Yawan Abubuwan Jini:

Abin mamaki game da rabuwar jini a cikin na'urar centrifuge shine cewa abubuwan da ke cikinsa ba sa rabuwa zuwa layuka daban-daban. Madadin haka, suna samar da wani tsari mai tsari bisa ga yawansu. Kwayoyin jinin ja, waɗanda suka fi nauyi, suna zuwa ƙasa, sai kuma fararen ƙwayoyin jinin da platelets. Plasma ta kasance a sama domin ita ce mafi ƙarancin kauri.

3.2 - Rigar Buffy:

Tsarin tsakiya, wanda ke tsakanin ƙwayoyin jinin ja a ƙasa da kuma plasma a sama, ana kiransa da buffy coat. Ya ƙunshi cakuda fararen ƙwayoyin jinin da platelets. Duk da ƙarancin yawansu idan aka kwatanta da ƙwayoyin jinin ja, ba sa rarrabawa a ko'ina cikin jini saboda haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ƙarfi daban-daban.

Abubuwan da ke Shafar Raba Jini

4.1 - Saurin Centrifuge da Lokaci:

Saurin da rotor ke juyawa da kuma tsawon lokacin da ake amfani da shi wajen centrifugation yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen raba sassan jini. Saurin da ke sama da kuma tsawon lokacin da ake amfani da shi yana ba da damar rabuwa mafi kyau, domin ana amfani da ƙarfin centrifugal na tsawon lokaci.

4.2 - Tsarin Tube:

Tsarin bututun kuma yana shafar rabuwar jini. Bututun musamman masu matsakaicin gradient ko gel inserts na iya taimakawa wajen cimma rabuwar da ta fi dacewa, rage samuwar wani abu mai laushi da kuma ba da damar fayyace tsakanin layuka daban-daban.

Danko da sauran abubuwan da ke da amfani

5.1 - Dangantakar Jini:

Jini yana nuna halayen viscoelastic, wanda ke nufin yana da halaye na ruwa da kuma na tauri. Wannan siffa tana tasiri ga ƙaurar abubuwan da ke cikin jiki yayin centrifugation, wanda ke haifar da samuwar ƙurar da ba ta da bambanci da kuma rabuwar Layer mara bambanci.

5.2 - Ragewar Centrifuge:

Yadda centrifuge ke rage gudu bayan juyawar jini shi ma zai iya shafar rabuwar jini. Rage gudu cikin sauri na iya kawo cikas ga rarrabuwar sassan, yayin da rage gudu cikin sauƙi ke samar da rabuwar da ta fi kyau.

Kammalawa:

A ƙarshe, rabuwar jini a cikin centrifuge wani lamari ne mai rikitarwa wanda yawansa, girmansa, da kuma yanayin viscoelastic na abubuwan da ke cikinsa suka yi tasiri. Rarraba jini mai ban mamaki yana ba da damar rabuwa mai inganci, yana sauƙaƙa gwajin bincike da jiyya. Fahimtar sarkakiyar da ke bayan wannan tsari yana ƙara fahimtarmu ga ƙa'idodin kimiyya da injiniyanci waɗanda ke haifar da centrifugation. Yayin da fasaha ke ci gaba, sabbin abubuwa na gaba za su inganta wannan dabarar, suna ƙara tura iyakokin binciken kimiyya da haɓaka ayyukan likita.