Imveliso yobungcali yokwahlulahlula i-centrifuge kunye nomenzi woomatshini bamayeza - iZonelink

kutheni igazi lingahlukani kwi-centrifuge

2023-07-30

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Kutheni Igazi Lingahlukani Kwi-Centrifuge?

Intshayelelo:

Igazi liyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomzimba womntu, lisebenza njengomthombo wobomi othutha ioksijini, izondlo, kunye neehomoni kuyo yonke inkqubo yethu. Liqulathe izinto ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, iiplatelets, kunye neplasma. Xa sivavanywa okanye sifuna utofelo-gazi, kuyimfuneko ukwahlula ezi zinto ngeenjongo zokuxilonga okanye zonyango. I-Centrifugation yindlela esetyenziswa rhoqo ukufezekisa olu kwahlukana ngokufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba kutheni igazi lingahlukani kwi-centrifuge? Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlola izinto ezinegalelo kule nto inomdla kunye nemigaqo yesayensi esisiseko sayo.

Izinto Eziyinxalenye Yegazi Neempawu Zazo

Ngaphambi kokuba singene kwisayensi engasemva kokwahlulwa kwegazi, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukwakheka kunye neempawu zezinto ezahlukeneyo eziyinxalenye yalo.

1.1 – Iiseli zegazi ezibomvu (ii-Erythrocytes):

Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zezona zininzi egazini lethu. Zithwala ioksijini ukusuka emiphungeni ukuya kwizicubu zomzimba kwaye zithutha i-carbon dioxide ziyibuyisele emiphungeni ukuze isuswe. Ezi seli ziqulathe i-hemoglobin, iproteni ebopha ioksijini ize izinike umbala wazo obomvu.

1.2 – Iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe (iiLeukocytes):

Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela, zikhusela imizimba yethu kwiintsholongwane nezifo. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, nganye igxile kwiinkqubo ezithile zokuzikhusela. Ngokungafaniyo neeseli ezibomvu zegazi, zine-nuclei kwaye azinayo i-hemoglobin.

1.3 – Iiplatelets (iiThrombocytes):

Iiplatelets zinoxanduva lokugalela igazi kwaye zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphilisweni kwenxeba. Ziziqwenga ezincinci zeeseli ezijikeleza egazini, zihlala zingasebenzi de kubekho umthambo wegazi owonakeleyo. Nje ukuba zisebenze, iiplatelets ziyahlangana ukuze zenze amahlwili, nto leyo ethintela ukopha kakhulu.

1.4 – Iplasma:

I-plasma yinxalenye yolwelo egazini, emalunga ne-55% yomthamo wayo uphela. Ibandakanya amanzi kodwa ikwanazo nee-electrolytes, iiproteni ze-plasma (ezifana ne-albumin kunye nee-globulin), iihomoni, ii-enzymes, kunye neemveliso zenkunkuma. Isebenza njengendawo yokuthutha izondlo, iihomoni, kunye nezinto ezingafunekiyo.

Umgaqo weCentrifugation

I-Centrifugation yindlela esebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal ukwahlula izinto ezinobunzima obahlukeneyo kwisampuli.

2.1 - Uyilo lweCentrifuge:

IiCentrifuges ziqulathe i-rotor, ebamba iityhubhu eziqulathe isampuli, kunye ne-motor ejikeleza i-rotor ngesantya esiphezulu. I-rotor ejikelezayo ivelisa amandla e-centrifugal, etyhala izinto ezinzima zesampuli ukuya eludongeni lwangaphandle lweetyhubhu.

2.2 – Amandla eCentrifugal:

Amandla e-Centrifugal ngamandla abonakalayo afunyanwa zizinto ezihamba ngesangqa. Aqondiswa kude nombindi wokujikeleza kwaye alingana nobunzima bento kunye nesikwere sesantya sayo. Kwi-centrifuge, la mandla aqhuba ukwahlukana kwezakhi zegazi.

Indima yoBuninzi ekwahlulweni kwegazi

3.1 – Ubuninzi beenxalenye zegazi:

Inkalo ephawulekayo yokwahlulwa kwegazi kwi-centrifuge kukuba ezi zixhobo azihlukani zibe ziileya ezahlukeneyo. Endaweni yoko, zenza i-stratified gradient ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bazo. Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, ezizezona zinzima, zisendle ezantsi, zilandelwa ziiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets. I-plasma ihlala phezulu njengoko iyinxalenye encinci kakhulu.

3.2 - Idyasi Enezihlangu Ezinkulu:

Umaleko ophakathi, ophakathi kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezantsi kunye neplasma engentla, waziwa ngokuba yi-buffy coat. Uqulathe umxube weeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets. Nangona zincinci xa zithelekiswa neeseli ezibomvu zegazi, azisasazeki ngokulinganayo kulo lonke iplasma ngenxa yokusebenzisana kwamandla ahlukeneyo.

Izinto ezibangela i-Centrifugation ezichaphazela ukwahlukana kwegazi

4.1 – Isantya kunye nexesha le-Centrifuge:

Isantya esijikeleza ngaso i-rotor kunye nobude be-centrifugation zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwahlukaniseni iinxalenye zegazi. Isantya esiphezulu kunye nobude bexesha elide zivumela ukwahlukana okungcono, njengoko amandla e-centrifugal esetyenziswa ixesha elide.

4.2 - Uyilo lweTube:

Uyilo lwetyhubhu lukwachaphazela ukwahlulwa kwegazi. Iityhubhu ezikhethekileyo ezine-gradient mediums okanye ii-gel inserts zinokunceda ekufezekiseni ukwahlulwa okucacileyo, ukunciphisa ukwakheka kwe-buffy coat kunye nokwenza kube lula ukucacisa phakathi kweengqimba ezahlukeneyo.

I-Viscoelasticity kunye nezinye izinto ezidlalayo

5.1 – Ukuqina kweGazi:

Igazi libonisa iimpawu ze-viscoelastic, oko kuthetha ukuba lineempawu zolwelo kunye nezomeleleyo. Le mpawu inefuthe ekufudukeni kwezinto ngexesha le-centrifugation, nto leyo ekhokelela ekwakhiweni kwe-buffy coat kunye nokwahlukana kwe-layer engacacanga.

5.2 – Ukunciphisa i-Centrifuge:

Indlela i-centrifuge ehla ngayo isantya emva kwenkqubo yokujikeleza inokuchaphazela ukwahlulwa kwegazi. Ukuhla ngokukhawuleza kwesantya kunokuphazamisa ukwahlulwa kwezakhi, ngelixa ukuhla kancinci kunika ukwahlulwa okuqinileyo.

Isiphelo:

Ukuqukumbela, ukwahlulwa kwegazi kwi-centrifuge yinto enzima ephenjelelwa bubuninzi, ubungakanani, kunye nendalo ye-viscoelastic yamacandelo ayo. Ukwahlulwa okumangalisayo kuvumela ukwahlulwa okusebenzayo, okwenza kube lula uvavanyo lokuxilonga kunye nonyango lwezonyango. Ukuqonda ubunzima obusemva kwale nkqubo kukhulisa uxabiso lwethu ngemigaqo yesayensi kunye nobunjineli obuqhuba i-centrifugation. Njengoko itekhnoloji itshintsha, izinto ezintsha zexesha elizayo ngokuqinisekileyo ziya kuyicoca le ndlela, zityhale imida yophando lwesayensi kwaye ziphucule iindlela zonyango.