iindawo zeseli zahlukana njani ngexesha le-centrifugation

Iinxalenye zeSeli Zihlukana Njani Ngexesha leCentrifugation

Intshayelelo:

I-Centrifugation yindlela enamandla esetyenziswa kwiilabhoratri zophando nakwiindawo zonyango ukwahlula iinxalenye zeseli ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bazo. Le nkqubo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufundeni izakhiwo zeseli, ukwahlula ii-organelles ezithile, kunye nokuhlola imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yeseli. Ukuqonda indlela iinxalenye zeseli ezahlukana ngayo ngexesha le-centrifugation kubalulekile kubaphandi ukuze bafumane iinxalenye zeseli ezicociweyo kwaye bafumane ulwazi ngendima yazo. Kweli nqaku, siza kujonga imigaqo esemva kwe-centrifugation kunye neendlela ezahlula ngazo iinxalenye zeseli ngexesha lenkqubo.

I. Imigaqo yeCentrifugation:

Ngaphambi kokuba uxoxe ngokwahlukana kweeseli ngexesha lokuxinanisa, kubalulekile ukuqonda imigaqo esisiseko yale ndlela. Ukuxinanisa kuxhomekeke ekusetyenzisweni kwamandla e-centrifugal, aveliswa yi-rotor ejikelezayo ngokukhawuleza, ukwahlula amasuntswana ngokusekelwe kubunzima bawo kunye noxinano. Isantya kunye nobude be-centrifugation kumisela inqanaba lokwahlukana okufezekisiweyo.

II. Ukwahlukanisa iCentrifugation:

I-centrifugation eyahlukileyo yenye yezona ndlela ziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo ukwahlula iinxalenye ezahlukeneyo zeseli. Le ndlela idla ngokubandakanya uthotho lwamanyathelo e-centrifugation ngokwandisa isantya kunye nobude bexesha. Inyathelo ngalinye le-centrifugation linceda ukwahlula nokutyebisa iindawo ezithile zeseli ngokusekelwe kumanqanaba azo okuthuthwa kwenkunkuma.

III. Izinga lokutsalwa kwenkunkuma:

Izinga lokutyibilika kwesuntswana leseli libhekisa kwindlela elithambekele ngayo ukuya ezantsi kwetyhubhu ye-centrifuge phantsi kwamandla omxhuzulane, okanye ngokuchanekileyo, amandla e-centrifugal. Izinga lokutyibilika kwesuntswana liphenjelelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ubungakanani, imilo, uxinano, kunye nokuxinana kwesixhobo. Ngexesha lokutyibilika kwesuntswana, amasuntswana anezinga eliphezulu lokutyibilika kwesuntswana ahlala ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo evumela ukwahlukana kwawo nezinto ezityibilika kancinci.

IV. Iinxalenye zePelleting kunye neSupernatant:

Njengoko inkqubo ye-centrifugation iqhubeka, iileya ezahlukeneyo okanye ii-fractions ziqala ukwakheka kwityhubhu. I-fraction esezantsi kwetyhubhu, ehlala njenge-pellet, iqulethe ii-components zeseli ezinzima nezixineneyo. Le fraction idla ngokutyetyiswa yi-nuclei, i-mitochondria, kunye nezinye ii-organelles. I-fraction engentla kwe-pellet, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-supernatant, iqulethe ii-components ezikhaphukhaphu ezifana ne-cytoplasm, i-ribosomes, kunye neeproteni ezinyibilikayo.

V. I-Centrifugation ye-Density Gradient:

I-centrifugation ye-density gradient yindlela ephucukileyo esetyenziselwa ukufumana amaqhezu eeseli acocekileyo kakhulu. Le ndlela ixhomekeke ekudalweni kwe-gradient yokwanda koxinano ngaphakathi kwityhubhu ye-centrifugation. Ngokubeka ngononophelo uxinano olwahlukeneyo lwezisombululo, ezifana ne-sucrose okanye i-cesium chloride, iiseli zinokwahlulwa ngokusekelwe kuxinano lwazo oluhambayo.

VI. I-Isopycnic Centrifugation:

I-Isopycnic centrifugation, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-equilibrium centrifugation, lolunye uhlobo lwendlela yokwahlulahlula i-density gradient. Kule ndlela, isampuli ibekwa phezu kwe-density gradient, kwaye i-centrifugation yenziwa de amasuntswana afikelele kwi-isopycnic point yawo. Kule ndawo, isuntswana ngalinye lihlala kwi-gradient kwindawo apho i-density yalo ilingana neyommandla ojikelezileyo. I-Isopycnic centrifugation iluncedo kakhulu ekuhlalutyeni ii-nucleic acids, iiproteni kunye neentsholongwane.

Isiphelo:

Indlela yokwenza i-centrifugation inika abaphandi isixhobo esinamandla sokufunda nokwahlulahlula iindawo ezithile zeseli. Ngokuqonda imigaqo esemva kokwahlulwa kweeseli ngexesha le-centrifugation, izazinzulu zinokucoca iindawo zeseli, zihlalutye imisebenzi yazo, kwaye zityhile ngakumbi iimfihlakalo zebhayoloji yeseli. Nokuba zisebenzisa iindlela ze-differential centrifugation okanye ze-density gradient, i-centrifugation ihlala iyindlela ebalulekileyo kwicandelo lebhayoloji yeseli kunye neye-molecular.