Imveliso yobungcali yokwahlulahlula i-centrifuge kunye nomenzi woomatshini bamayeza - iZonelink

Yintoni i-centrifuge evumela i-scintist ukuba yahlule

2023-08-29

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Yintoni iCentrifuge evumela isazinzulu ukuba sahlule?

Intshayelelo:

I-centrifuge sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kuluntu lwezenzululwazi, esivumela abaphandi ukuba bahlule izinto ezahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bazo kunye nobukhulu bazo. Esi sixhobo sinamandla sisebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal ukufezekisa ukwahlukana, okwenza izazinzulu zifunde kwaye ziphonononge izinto ezahlukeneyo kwisampulu. Ukususela ekwahlulweni kweeseli zegazi ukuya ekukhutshweni kwe-DNA, i-centrifuge idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezininzi zesayensi. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga amandla e-centrifuge kunye nendlela enika ngayo amandla izazinzulu ukuba zahlule izinto ngokufanelekileyo.

I. Umgaqo weCentrifugation:

I-Centrifugation yindlela esebenzisa umgaqo we-sedimentation ukwahlula izinto ngaphakathi komxube ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bazo. Xa isampuli ijikeleziswa ngesantya esiphezulu kwi-centrifuge, amasuntswana afumana amandla e-centrifugal, nto leyo ebangela ukuba asuke embindini. Amasuntswana emva koko ahlala kwiileya ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo evumela ukuba kube lula ukwahlukana.

II. Ukwahlula iinxalenye zegazi:

Enye yezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo zokusebenzisa i-centrifuge kukwahlulahlula iinxalenye zegazi. Ngokusebenzisa ityhubhu ekhethekileyo yokuqokelelwa kwegazi ene-anticoagulant, isampuli yegazi ingafakwa kwi-centrifuge. Ngenxa yobuninzi obahlukeneyo bezinto eziyinxalenye yayo, igazi liya kwahlulwa libe ziingqimba ezintathu ezahlukeneyo - i-plasma phezulu, umaleko omncinci weeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets, kunye nomaleko weeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezantsi. Iingcali zonyango zinokufumana iinxalenye ezithile zovavanyo lokuxilonga okanye iinkqubo zonyango, ezinje ngokwahlulahlula i-plasma yokuhlalutya ukwakheka kweekhemikhali okanye ukufumana i-plasma etyebileyo kwiiplatelets zonyango lokuvuselela.

III. Ukukhupha i-DNA:

I-centrifuge ikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhutshweni kwe-DNA, inkqubo ebalulekileyo kwi-molecular biology kunye nophando lwe-genetic. Ngokusebenzisa i-centrifugation, izazinzulu zinokuhlula i-DNA kwezinye izinto zeseli, ezifana neeproteni kunye nee-lipids. Kumanyathelo okuqala okukhupha i-DNA, iisampulu zebhayoloji (umz., iiseli okanye izicubu) ziphathwa ngee-reagents ezahlukeneyo ukuze ziqhekeze i-membrane yeseli kwaye zikhuphe i-DNA. Emva koko umxube ufakwa kwi-centrifuge, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-debris kunye neeproteni ezinzima zeseli zahlukane kwaye zenze i-pellet ezantsi ngelixa i-DNA ihlala kwi-supernatant. Ngokususa ngononophelo i-supernatant, izazinzulu zinokuhlula i-DNA ukuze ihlalutywe ngakumbi, njengokulandelelanisa okanye ukukloninga.

IV. Ukwahlula iinxalenye ze-Subcellular:

Ngoncedo lwee-centrifuge eziphambili, izazinzulu zinokwahlulahlula ngempumelelo izinto ezingaphantsi kweseli ukuze zifunde imisebenzi kunye neempawu zazo. Umzekelo, i-mitochondria, ii-organelles ezivelisa amandla ngaphakathi kweeseli, zinokwahlulwa kusetyenziswa i-centrifugation ngokusekelwe kubukhulu bazo kunye noxinano lwazo. Ngokusebenzisa uthotho lwamanyathelo e-centrifugation ngesantya esahlukileyo, abaphandi banokufumana ii-mitochondria ezicociweyo ukuze bahlalutye nzulu kwaye bafunde iindima zabo kwi-metabolism yeseli kunye nophuhliso lwesifo. Iindlela ezifanayo zingasetyenziswa ukwahlula ezinye izinto ezingaphantsi kweseli, ezifana nee-nuclei okanye ii-membrane zeseli, okuvumela uphando olupheleleyo malunga nesakhiwo kunye nemisebenzi yazo.

V. Ukwahlulwa kweeLipoproteins:

Ii-lipoproteins ziikhompawundi ezintsonkothileyo ezenziwe ngama-lipids kunye neeproteni. Zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuthuthweni kwamafutha, i-cholesterol, kunye nezinye ii-lipids egazini. I-Centrifugation isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiilabhoratri zeklinikhi ukwahlula ii-lipoproteins ngeenjongo zokuxilonga. Ngokujikelezisa isampuli yegazi ngesantya esiphezulu, ii-lipoproteins ziyasasazeka zibe ziinxalenye ezahlukeneyo zoxinano, ezinokuthi emva koko zihlalutywe ukuze kuchongwe iiprofayili ze-lipid. Ezi profayili zibonelela ngengcaciso ebalulekileyo kwimpilo yomntu yentliziyo, njengoko amanqanaba e-lipoprotein angaqhelekanga adla ngokunxulunyaniswa neemeko ezifana ne-hyperlipidemia kunye ne-atherosclerosis.

Isiphelo:

I-centrifuge sisixhobo sesayensi esiguquguqukayo esenza abaphandi bakwazi ukwahlula izinto, iinxalenye, kunye namasuntswana ngokuchanekileyo nangokufanelekileyo. Nokuba kukwahlula iinxalenye zegazi, ukukhupha i-DNA, okanye ukufunda ii-organelles ezingaphantsi kweseli, i-centrifuge idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ulwazi lwesayensi nokuqonda. Ngokusebenzisa imigaqo ye-centrifugation, izazinzulu zinokuhlola ubunzima beenkqubo ezahlukeneyo kwaye zityhile iimfihlakalo ezifihliweyo kwiisampuli ezingenakubalwa.