He aha te mea ka taea e te kaitātari hiko te wehewehe mā te centrifuge?
He aha ngā mea ka taea te wehewehe e te kaipūtaiao mā te centrifuge?
Kupu Whakataki:
He taputapu nui te centrifuge i roto i te hapori pūtaiao, e āhei ai ngā kairangahau ki te wehewehe i ngā matū rerekē i runga i te matotoru me te rahi. Ka whakamahia e tēnei taputapu kaha te kaha centrifuge hei whakatutuki i te wehenga, e āhei ai ngā kaipūtaiao ki te ako me te tirotiro i ngā wāhanga rerekē i roto i tētahi tauira. Mai i te wehenga o ngā pūtau toto ki te tango DNA, he mahi nui tā te centrifuge i roto i ngā momo kaupapa pūtaiao. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tūhuratia e mātou ngā kaha o te centrifuge me pēhea e whakamana ai i ngā kaipūtaiao ki te wehewehe pai i ngā matū.
I. Te Mātāpono o te Whakapūtanga:
Ko te centrifugation he tikanga e whakamahi ana i te kaupapa o te whakapūmau hei wehewehe i ngā matū i roto i te ranunga i runga i tō rātou mātotoru. Ina hurihia te tauira i roto i te centrifuge i te tere tere, ka pāngia ngā matūriki e te kaha centrifuge, ka neke atu i te pokapū. Kātahi ka tau ngā matūriki ki roto i ngā paparanga motuhake, ka ngāwari ai te wehewehe.
II. Te Wehewehe i ngā Wāhanga Toto:
Ko tētahi o ngā whakamahinga tino noa o te centrifuge ko te wehewehe i ngā wāhanga toto. Mā te whakamahi i tētahi ngongo kohikohi toto motuhake me te anticoagulant, ka taea te whakanoho i te tauira toto ki roto i te centrifuge. Nā te rerekētanga o ngā matotoru o ōna wāhanga, ka wehea te toto kia toru ngā paparanga motuhake - te plasma i runga, he paparanga angiangi o ngā pūtau toto mā me ngā platelets, me tētahi paparanga o ngā pūtau toto whero i raro. Kātahi ka taea e ngā tohunga hauora te tiki i ngā wāhanga motuhake mō ngā whakamātautau tātaritanga, ngā tikanga hauora rānei, pērā i te wehe i te plasma hei tātari i ngā hanganga matū, te tiki rānei i te plasma whai-platelet mō ngā maimoatanga whakaora.
III. Te Tangohanga DNA:
He mahi nui anō tā te centrifuge i roto i te tangohanga DNA, he tukanga nui i roto i te koiora ngota me te rangahau ira. Mā te whakamahi i te centrifugation, ka taea e ngā kaipūtaiao te wehewehe i te DNA mai i ētahi atu wāhanga pūtau, pērā i ngā pūmua me ngā lipid. I ngā taahiraa tuatahi o te tangohanga DNA, ka rongoatia ngā tauira koiora (hei tauira, ngā pūtau, ngā kiko rānei) ki ngā momo matū hei wawahi i te kiriuhi pūtau me te tuku i te DNA. Kātahi ka centrifugehia te ranunga, ka wehea ngā toenga pūtau taumaha me ngā pūmua ka hanga he pellet i raro i te mea ka noho tonu te DNA i roto i te waikeri. Mā te tango āta i te waikeri, ka taea e ngā kaipūtaiao te wehe i te DNA mō ētahi atu tātaritanga, pērā i te raupapatanga, te cloning rānei.
IV. Te Wehewehe i ngā Wāhanga Pūtau-iti:
Mā te āwhina o ngā pūwhakapūngao matatau, ka taea e ngā kaipūtaiao te wehewehe i ngā wāhanga pūtau-iti hei ako i ā rātou mahi me ngā āhuatanga. Hei tauira, ka taea te wehewehe i ngā mitochondria, ngā whekau whakaputa pūngao i roto i ngā pūtau, mā te whakamahi i te whakapūngao i runga i tō rātou rahi me te mātotoru. Mā te whakamahi i tētahi raupapa o ngā mahi whakapūngao i ngā tere rerekē, ka taea e ngā kairangahau te tiki i ngā wāhanga mitochondria kua purea hei tātari hohonu ake, me te ako i ō rātou tūranga i roto i te pākia o te pūtau me te whanaketanga o te mate. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā tikanga rite hei wehewehe i ētahi atu wāhanga pūtau-iti, pērā i ngā karihi, i ngā kiriuhi pūtau rānei, kia taea ai te rangahau whānui ki ō rātou hanganga me ngā mahi.
V. Te Wehenga o ngā Lipoprotein:
He matū matatini ngā lipoproteins e titoa ana i ngā lipids me ngā pūmua. He mahi nui tā rātou ki te kawe i ngā ngako, te cholesterol, me ētahi atu lipids i roto i te toto. He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te centrifugation i roto i ngā taiwhanga haumanu hei wehewehe i ngā lipoproteins mō ngā take tātaritanga. Mā te hurihuri i te tauira toto i ngā tere tiketike, ka tohatohahia ngā lipoproteins ki ngā wāhanga matotoru motuhake, ka taea te tātari hei whakatau i ngā kōtaha lipids. Ka whakaratohia e ēnei kōtaha he māramatanga nui ki te hauora o te pūnaha manawa o te tangata, nā te mea he maha ngā wā ka honoa ngā taumata lipoprotein rerekē ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te hyperlipidemia me te atherosclerosis.
Whakatau:
He taputapu pūtaiao maha ngā mahi a te centrifuge e āhei ai ngā kairangahau ki te wehewehe i ngā matū, ngā wāhanga, me ngā matūriki me te tino tika me te whai hua. Ahakoa he wehe i ngā wāhanga toto, he tango i te DNA, he ako rānei i ngā whekau iti o roto i te pūtau, he mahi nui tā te centrifuge ki te whakatairanga i te mātauranga me te māramatanga pūtaiao. Mā te whakamahi i ngā mātāpono o te centrifugation, ka taea e ngā kaipūtaiao te tūhura i ngā uauatanga o ngā pūnaha rerekē me te wetewete i ngā mea ngaro e huna ana i roto i ngā tauira maha.
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