Lub centrifuge ua dab tsi rau tus scintist cais tawm?
Lub Centrifuge ua dab tsi pab kom tus kws tshawb fawb cais tau?
Kev Taw Qhia:
Lub centrifuge yog ib lub cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv zej zog kev tshawb fawb, uas tso cai rau cov kws tshawb fawb cais ntau yam khoom raws li lawv qhov ceev thiab qhov loj. Lub cuab yeej muaj zog no siv lub zog centrifugal los ua kom sib cais, ua rau cov kws tshawb fawb kawm thiab tshawb nrhiav ntau yam khoom hauv ib qho qauv. Txij li kev sib cais cov qe ntshav mus rau kev rho tawm DNA, lub centrifuge ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kev tshawb fawb. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tshawb nrhiav lub peev xwm ntawm lub centrifuge thiab nws ua rau cov kws tshawb fawb cais cov khoom li cas kom zoo.
I. Lub Ntsiab Cai ntawm Centrifugation:
Kev siv lub tshuab centrifugation yog ib txoj kev siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib cais cov khoom hauv ib qho kev sib xyaw raws li lawv qhov ceev. Thaum cov qauv raug tig mus rau qhov ceev ceev hauv lub tshuab centrifuge, cov khoom me me yuav muaj lub zog centrifugal, ua rau lawv txav deb ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab. Cov khoom me me ces txav mus rau hauv cov txheej sib txawv, ua rau kev sib cais yooj yim.
II. Kev Cais Cov Cheebtsam Ntshav:
Ib qho ntawm cov kev siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm lub centrifuge yog kev sib cais cov khoom ntawm cov ntshav. Los ntawm kev siv lub raj tshwj xeeb rau kev sau cov ntshav nrog cov tshuaj anticoagulant, cov qauv ntshav tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv lub centrifuge. Vim muaj ntau yam sib txawv ntawm nws cov khoom sib xyaw, cov ntshav yuav sib cais ua peb txheej sib txawv - plasma nyob rau sab saum toj, ib txheej nyias nyias ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb thiab platelets, thiab ib txheej ntawm cov qe ntshav liab nyob rau hauv qab. Cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem tau txais cov khoom tshwj xeeb rau kev kuaj mob lossis cov txheej txheem kho mob, xws li kev cais cov plasma rau kev tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj lom neeg lossis tau txais cov plasma nplua nuj platelet rau kev kho mob rov qab.
III. Kev Rho Tawm DNA:
Lub centrifuge kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev rho tawm DNA, uas yog ib qho txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb txog molecular biology thiab kev tshawb fawb txog noob caj noob ces. Los ntawm kev siv centrifugation, cov kws tshawb fawb tuaj yeem cais DNA ntawm lwm cov khoom hauv lub cell, xws li cov protein thiab lipids. Hauv cov kauj ruam pib ntawm kev rho tawm DNA, cov qauv biological (piv txwv li, cov cell lossis cov ntaub so ntswg) raug kho nrog ntau yam reagents los rhuav tshem cov cell membrane thiab tso tawm DNA. Cov khoom sib xyaw ces raug centrifuged, ua rau cov khib nyiab cell hnyav dua thiab cov protein sib cais thiab tsim cov pellet hauv qab thaum DNA tseem nyob hauv supernatant. Los ntawm kev ua tib zoo tshem tawm supernatant, cov kws tshawb fawb tuaj yeem cais cov DNA rau kev tshuaj xyuas ntxiv, xws li sequencing lossis cloning.
IV. Cov Cheebtsam Subcellular uas raug cais tawm:
Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov centrifuges siab heev, cov kws tshawb fawb tuaj yeem cais cov khoom hauv subcellular kom kawm txog lawv cov haujlwm thiab cov yam ntxwv. Piv txwv li, mitochondria, cov organelles tsim hluav taws xob hauv cov cell, tuaj yeem cais tawm siv centrifugation raws li lawv qhov loj me thiab qhov ceev. Los ntawm kev siv ntau cov kauj ruam centrifugation ntawm ntau qhov ceev, cov kws tshawb fawb tuaj yeem tau txais cov mitochondria fractions huv si rau kev tshuaj xyuas tob dua thiab kawm txog lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cell thiab kev loj hlob ntawm kab mob. Cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws tuaj yeem siv los cais lwm cov khoom hauv subcellular, xws li nuclei lossis cellular membranes, ua rau muaj kev tshawb nrhiav dav dav rau lawv cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm.
V. Kev Sib Cais Cov Lipoproteins:
Cov lipoproteins yog cov sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj cov lipids thiab cov protein. Lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev thauj cov rog, cov roj cholesterol, thiab lwm yam lipids hauv cov ntshav. Centrifugation siv dav hauv cov chaw kuaj mob kom cais cov lipoproteins rau kev kuaj mob. Los ntawm kev tig cov ntshav ntawm qhov ceev ceev, cov lipoproteins faib ua cov feem sib txawv, uas tom qab ntawd tuaj yeem soj ntsuam los txiav txim siab cov lipid profiles. Cov profiles no muab cov kev nkag siab tseem ceeb rau tus neeg lub plawv kev noj qab haus huv, vim tias cov lipoprotein tsis zoo feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog cov mob xws li hyperlipidemia thiab atherosclerosis.
Xaus lus:
Lub centrifuge yog ib lub cuab yeej siv tau ntau yam hauv kev tshawb fawb uas ua rau cov kws tshawb fawb muaj peev xwm cais cov khoom, cov khoom sib xyaw, thiab cov khoom me me nrog kev ua haujlwm raug thiab ua tau zoo. Txawm hais tias nws yog kev cais cov khoom ntshav, rho tawm DNA, lossis kawm txog cov organelles hauv qab cellular, lub centrifuge ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho kev paub thiab kev nkag siab txog kev tshawb fawb. Los ntawm kev siv cov ntsiab cai ntawm centrifugation, cov kws tshawb fawb tuaj yeem tshawb nrhiav qhov nyuaj ntawm ntau yam kab ke thiab daws cov lus zais zais hauv ntau cov qauv.
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