indlela yokwahlula iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kwi-centrifuge yegazi liphela
Iindlela Ezintsha Zokwahlula Iiseli Zegazi Ezibomvu Kwigazi Elipheleleyo
Intshayelelo:
Igazi lulwelo oluntsonkothileyo nolubalulekileyo oluquka izinto ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iiseli ezibomvu zegazi (ii-RBC), iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, i-plasma, kunye neeplatelets. Kwiindlela ezithile zonyango nophando, kuba yimfuneko ukwahlula izinto ezithile zegazi, ezifana nee-RBC, kwigazi liphela. Enye yezona ndlela zisebenzayo zokufezekisa olu hluko kukusebenzisa i-centrifuge. Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlola iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezintsha ezikhoyo zokwahlula ii-RBC kwigazi elipheleleyo sisebenzisa i-centrifugation.
I. Ukuqonda Inkqubo yeCentrifugation:
I-Centrifugation yindlela esebenzisa imigaqo ye-sedimentation kunye ne-centrifugal force ukwahlula amasuntswana anobunzima obahlukeneyo. Ngokujikelezisa isampuli ngesantya esiphezulu, amasuntswana axineneyo, njengee-RBC, enza i-sediment iye ezantsi, ivumela ukwahlukana kwezinye izinto.
II. Ukusebenzisa i-Differential Density Gradient Centrifugation:
Enye yezona ndlela zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukwahlula ii-RBC kwigazi elipheleleyo yi-differential density gradient centrifugation. Le ndlela isebenzisa umahluko woxinano phakathi kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo egazi. Ngokubeka isampuli phezu kwe-density gradient medium, izakhi zahlulwe ngokusekelwe kuxinano lwazo oluthile.
III. Ukusebenzisa iFicoll-Paque Density Gradient Centrifugation:
I-Ficoll-Paque sisixhobo esisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-density gradient centrifugation ngenxa yokukwazi kwayo ukwenza i-stable gradients. Le ndlela ibandakanya ukubeka ngononophelo umthamo wegazi ofunekayo kwi-Ficoll-Paque, kulandele i-centrifugation ngesantya esilawulwayo kunye nobude bexesha. Ngenxa yoko, ii-RBC zenza ibhendi eyahlukileyo ngaphantsi kwe-plasma, okwenza kube lula ukwahlukana.
IV. Ukuphucula iiParameters zeCentrifugation ukuze kwahlulwe ngcono:
Ukuze kufezekiswe ukwahlulwa kwee-RBCs egazini elipheleleyo ngempumelelo, ukwenziwa ngcono kweeparameter ze-centrifugation kubalulekile. Izinto ezifana nesantya, ubude, kunye nobushushu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni ukusebenza kakuhle kokwahlulwa. Ngokulungisa ezi zinto ziguquguqukayo, abaphandi banokuphucula imveliso kunye nobunyulu bee-RBCs ezifunyenwe egazini elipheleleyo.
V. Ukufika kweMicrofluidics kunye neeTekhnoloji zeLab-on-a-Chip:
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iteknoloji ye-microfluidics kunye ne-lab-on-a-chip ziye zavela njengeendlela ezithembisayo kuneendlela zesiqhelo zokucoca igazi. Ezi ndlela ziphambili zidibanisa izixhobo ezincinci ezilawula umthamo omncinci wegazi, zisebenzisa imigaqo efana nokuhamba kwegazi nge-hydrodynamic, amandla e-acoustic, kunye neendlela zokucoca ukwahlula ii-RBC kwigazi elipheleleyo. Ezi ndlela ze-microscale zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi, kubandakanya iimfuno zomthamo wesampuli oncitshisiweyo, ukuphuculwa kokuphuma kwegazi, kunye nolawulo oluphuculweyo kwiiparameter zokwahlula igazi.
VI. Ukuhlelwa kwee-RBCs nge-Microfluidic ngokusekwe kwiipropati zeBiophysical:
Amaqonga e-Microfluidic avumela ukwahlulwa ngokuchanekileyo kwee-RBC ngokusebenzisa iipropati zazo ze-biophysical. Ngokuyila ii-microchannels ezineejometri ezithile kunye nokusebenzisa iindlela ezifana nokwahlulwa okubangelwa kukuguquguquka, ukujolisa okungapheliyo, okanye i-dielectrophoresis, kunokwenzeka ukuhlela ii-RBC ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ezinje ngobukhulu, imilo, kunye nokuqina. Ezi zixhobo ze-microfluidic zibonelela ngobuchule obuphezulu ekuhlukaniseni ii-RBC kwaye zivumela ukusetyenziswa okusezantsi ekuxilongeni, kunyango lotofelo-gazi, nakuphando.
Isiphelo:
Ukwahlula ii-RBC egazini lilonke linyathelo elibalulekileyo kwiindlela ezininzi zonyango nophando. Iindlela zokucoca igazi, ezifana ne-differential density gradient centrifugation kusetyenziswa iFicoll-Paque, zisetyenziswe kakhulu kule njongo. Nangona kunjalo, uphuhliso lwakutshanje kwi-microfluidics kunye netekhnoloji ye-lab-on-a-chip zibonelela ngezinye iindlela ezinomdla zokwahlula igazi, zibonelela ngokusebenza kakuhle, iimfuno zesampuli ezincitshisiweyo, kunye nolawulo oluphuculweyo kwinkqubo yokwahlula igazi. Njengoko uphando kweli candelo luqhubeka luqhubeka, ezi ndlela zintsha zinamandla amakhulu okuguqula iindlela zokwahlula igazi kunye nokuphucula iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zophando lwezonyango nolwesayensi.
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