Unogona here kuparadzanisa h2o ne d2o uchishandisa centrifuge

Nhanganyaya

Mvura, chinhu chinoumbwa nemaatomu maviri ehydrogen neatomu rimwe chete reokisijeni (H2O), chinhu chakakosha pakurarama panyika. Zvisinei, sezvinhu zvakawanda, mvura inogona kuvapo mumhando dzakasiyana dzeisotopic. Imwe yemhando dzakadaro inozivikanwa semvura inorema, kana kuti deuterium oxide (D2O), ine hydrogen isotope inonzi deuterium. Kunyange zvazvo H2O neD2O zvese zviri zviviri zvine hunhu hwakafanana, pane mamiriro ezvinhu apo zvinova zvakakosha kuparadzanisa maisotope aya. Muchinyorwa chino, tinoongorora kana zvichikwanisika kuparadzanisa H2O neD2O uchishandisa centrifuge, chishandiso chinowanzoshandiswa muminda yakasiyana-siyana yesainzi nemaindasitiri.

Isotopes uye kukosha kwavo mumvura

Tisati tanyatsoongorora nyaya iri kutaurwa, ngatitangei tanzwisisa kuti isotopes chii uye kukosha kwadzo mumvura. Isotopes maatomu echinhu chimwe chete ane nhamba dzakasiyana dzema neutron mu nucleus yawo, zvichikonzera kusiyana kwehuwandu hweatomu. Semuenzaniso, chimiro chakajairika chehydrogen chine proton imwe chete uye hapana ma neutron, nepo deuterium ine neutron imwe chete pamusoro peproton. Kuchinja kwehuwandu kunokonzerwa nekuvapo kwema isotopes akasiyana kunogona kukanganisa hunhu hwemuviri nemakemikari hwezvinhu, kusanganisira mvura.

Hunhu hweH2O neD2O

Pamusoro, hapana musiyano mukuru pakati pemvura yakajairwa (H2O) nemvura inorema (D2O). Dzese dzine hunhu hwakafanana senge pombi yekufashaira, density, uye pombi yekuomesa, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakaoma kuparadzanisa zviviri izvi uchishandisa nzira dzechinyakare. Zvisinei, masayendisiti akagadzira matekiniki akasarudzika ekuparadzanisa isotopes dzemvura dzakasiyana siyana.

Basa re centrifugation mukuparadzaniswa kwe isotope

Kupinza zvinhu mu "centrifugation" inzira inogona kupatsanura zvinhu zvichienderana nekusiyana kwehuwandu hwazvo. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutenderedza musanganiswa nekumhanya kwakanyanya, zvichiita kuti zvidimbu zvakawanda zviende kumucheto ukuwo zvidimbu zvakareruka zvichiramba zviri pedyo nepakati. Iyi nheyo ndiyo inoumba hwaro hwekupatsanurana kwakawanda mumarabhoritari nemumaindasitiri.

Centrifugation yekuparadzanisa isotopes dzemvura

Kunyangwe centrifugation iri nzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya yekuparadzanisa, ine matambudziko kana zvasvika pakuparadzanisa isotopes dzemvura. Kusiyana nedzimwe mhando dzakawanda dzemakemikari, musiyano uripo pakati peH2O neD2O mudiki, zvichiita kuti zviome kuwana kupatsanurana kwakanaka kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwemazuva ano hwe centrifugation. Zvisinei, kufambira mberi muhunyanzvi hwe centrifugal kwakavhura mikana yekuwana kupatsanurana kwe isotopic.

Zvichangobva kuitika mukuparadzaniswa kwe isotope yemvura ye centrifugal

Ongororo dzichangobva kuitwa dzakaongorora nzira itsva dzekuparadzanisa ma isotopes emvura uchishandisa nzira dzepamusoro dze centrifugation. Imwe nzira yakadaro inosanganisira kushandiswa kwema ultracentrifuges, ayo anoshanda nekumhanya kwakanyanya, achigadzira masimba makuru e centrifugal. Masimba aya anogona kukonzera mutsauko mudiki muhuwandu hwe sedimentation hweH2O neD2O, zvichibvumira kuparadzaniswa.

Mhedziso

Kupatsanurwa kweH2O neD2O kuchiri dambudziko guru nekuda kwehunhu hwazvo hwakafanana. Kunyange hazvo nzira dzemazuva ano dze centrifugation dzingasave dzakakwana kuti kupatsanurwa kubudirire, kufambira mberi kwazvino mu tekinoroji ye ultracentrifugation kunopa mikana yakanaka. Kutsvagurudza kwakawanda nekuvandudzwa mune izvi kunogona kutungamira mukubudirira mukupatsanurwa kwema isotopes emvura, zvichiita kuti ashandiswe zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira simba renyukireya, mishonga, uye tsvakiridzo yesainzi.