Ka taea te wehewehe i te wai mai i te wai mā te whakamahi i te centrifuge?
Kupu Whakataki
Ko te wai, te matū i titoa mai i ngā ngota hauwai e rua me te ngota hāora kotahi (H2O), he matū taketake e tino hiahiatia ana mō te ora i runga i te Ao. Heoi, pērā i te maha o ngā matū, ka taea e te wai te noho i roto i ngā momo isotopic rerekē. Ko tētahi o aua momo e mōhiotia ana ko te wai taumaha, ko te deuterium oxide rānei (D2O), kei roto he isotope hauwai e kiia nei ko te deuterium. Ahakoa he rite ngā āhuatanga o te H2O me te D2O, tera ētahi wā ka hiahiatia kia wehea ēnei isotope. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tūhuratia e mātou mēnā ka taea te wehe i te H2O mai i te D2O mā te whakamahi i te centrifuge, he taputapu e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā momo mara pūtaiao me te ahumahi.
Ngā isotopes me tō rātou hiranga i roto i te wai
I mua i te ruku hohonu ki te kaupapa e pā ana, me mārama tātou ki ngā isotopes me tō rātou pānga ki te wai. Ko ngā isotopes he ngota o te huānga kotahi me ngā tau rerekē o ngā neutron i roto i tō rātou karihi, ka rerekē te papatipu ngota. Hei tauira, ko te momo hauwai tino noa he kotahi te porotene, kāore he neutron, engari ko te deuterium he kotahi te neutron hei tāpiri atu ki te porotene. Ko te huringa o te papatipu i puta mai i te noho mai o ngā isotopes rerekē ka pā ki ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me te matū o ngā matū, tae atu ki te wai.
Ngā āhuatanga o te H2O me te D2O
I te tirohanga tuatahi, kāore e tino kitea te rerekētanga i waenga i te wai noa (H2O) me te wai taumaha (D2O). He rite tonu ngā āhuatanga o ēnei e rua, pērā i te ira kohua, te mātotoru, me te ira tio, ā, he uaua ki te wehewehe i ēnei mea e rua mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga tuku iho. Heoi, kua whakawhanakehia e ngā kaipūtaiao he tikanga motuhake hei wehewehe i ngā isotope wai motuhake mō ngā momo whakamahinga.
Te tūranga o te centrifugation i roto i te wehenga isotope
He tukanga wehewehe te pūwero e taea ai te wehewehe i ngā matū i runga i ngā rerekētanga o te mātotoru. Ko te takahuri i te ranunga i ngā tere teitei, ka neke ngā matūriki matotoru ki te taha, ko ngā matūriki māmā ake ka noho tata ki te pokapū. Ko tēnei mātāpono te pūtake mō ngā wehewehenga taiwhanga me ngā ahumahi maha.
Te whakapūtātanga mō te wehewehe i ngā isotope wai
Ahakoa he tikanga wehewehe whānuitia te whakamahi i te centrifugation, he uaua tonu te wehewehe i ngā isotopes wai. He rerekē ki te maha atu o ngā matū, he iti noa te rerekētanga o te papatipu i waenga i te H2O me te D2O, ā, he uaua ki te whakatutuki i te wehenga whai hua mā roto i ngā tikanga centrifugation tuku iho. Heoi anō, kua huakina e ngā whanaketanga o te hangarau centrifugation ngā huarahi hei whakatutuki i te wehenga isotopic.
Ngā whanaketanga hou o te wehenga isotope wai centrifugal
Kua tūhuratia e ngā rangahau hou ngā huarahi hou ki te wehewehe i ngā isotope wai mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga centrifugation matatau. Ko tētahi o aua tikanga ko te whakamahi i ngā ultracentrifuges, e mahi ana i ngā tere hurihuri tino teitei, e whakaputa ana i ngā kaha centrifugal nui. Ka taea e ēnei kaha te whakaputa i ngā rerekētanga iti i roto i ngā tere whakatō o te H2O me te D2O, ka taea ai te wehenga.
Whakamutunga
He wero nui tonu te wehenga o te H2O me te D2O nā te mea he rite tonu ō rāua āhuatanga ā-tinana. Ahakoa kāore pea i te rawaka ngā tikanga centrifugation tuku iho mō te wehenga whai hua, he pai ngā huarahi e puta mai ana i ngā whanaketanga hou o te hangarau ultracentrifugation. Mā te rangahau me te whanaketanga anō i tēnei mara ka arahi pea ki ngā putanga hou i roto i te wehenga whai hua o ngā isotopes wai, ka taea ai te whakamahi motuhake i roto i ngā momo ahumahi, tae atu ki te mana karihi, te rongoā, me te rangahau pūtaiao.
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