Kodi centrifugation imalekanitsa bwanji magazi?

Njira imodzi yofunika kwambiri pa kafukufuku wa zamankhwala ndi matenda ndi centrifugation. Njira imeneyi imaphatikizapo kupotoza zitsanzo pa liwiro lalikulu kuti zilekanitse zigawo zosiyanasiyana kutengera kuchuluka kwawo kosiyanasiyana. Centrifugation ndi yofunika kwambiri pankhani yopatula zigawo zinazake kuchokera ku magazi. M'nkhaniyi, tifufuza momwe njira zopopera magazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogawa magazi m'zigawo zosiyanasiyana, monga plasma, ma platelet, ndi maselo ofiira ndi oyera a magazi. Tidzafufuza mfundo zomwe zili kumbuyo kwa centrifugation, mitundu ya centrifuge zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi momwe njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwira ntchito m'malo azachipatala ndi kafukufuku.

I. Chiyambi

Magazi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri m'thupi la munthu lomwe limagwira ntchito zofunika kwambiri monga kunyamula mpweya, chitetezo cha mthupi, ndi kuchotsa zinyalala. Lili ndi zigawo zingapo, kuphatikizapo plasma, maselo ofiira a magazi (RBC), maselo oyera a magazi (WBC), ndi ma platelet. Pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana zodziwira matenda ndi kafukufuku, zimakhala zofunikira kulekanitsa zigawozi kuti ziphunzire payekhapayekha, kusanthula makhalidwe awo, kapena kuzigwiritsa ntchito pazochitika zinazake zachipatala.

II. Mfundo Zokhudza Kutsegula Maginito

Kugawa madzi pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya sedimentation ndi density gradient kumagwiritsa ntchito mfundo za sedimentation ndi density gradient kuti alekanitse zigawo zosiyanasiyana za magazi. Pamene chitsanzo chikuzunguliridwa ndi liwiro lalikulu mu centrifuge, tinthu tating'onoting'ono timapita ku periphery, pomwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe sitili tolimba timasonkhana pakati pa chitsanzocho. Mphamvu ya centrifugal imalola kulekanitsa zigawo za magazi kutengera kuchuluka kwawo, ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapita pansi kapena kupanga pellet.

III. Mitundu ya Ma Centrifuge

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma centrifuge omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polekanitsa magazi. Izi zikuphatikizapo ma centrifuge a patebulo, ma microcentrifuge, ma ultracentrifuge, ndi ma centrifuge osungidwa mufiriji. Mtundu uliwonse uli ndi mawonekedwe ake, liwiro, ndi mphamvu zake. Ma centrifuge a patebulo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'ma laboratories azachipatala chifukwa amapereka mgwirizano pakati pa mphamvu ya liwiro lapamwamba ndi mphamvu ya kuchuluka kwa zitsanzo.

IV. Kukonzekera zitsanzo za magazi

Musanagwiritse ntchito centrifugation, ndikofunikira kukonzekera zitsanzo za magazi molondola kuti muwonetsetse kuti zigawozo zagawika bwino. Magazi nthawi zambiri amasonkhanitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana kuti asatseke magazi. Kenako chitsanzocho chimasakanizidwa mosamala ndikusamutsidwa ku machubu oyenera a centrifuge, ndikusamala kuti asalowetse thovu lililonse la mpweya. Machubu a centrifuge amatsekedwa bwino kuti asatuluke ndipo amaikidwa mu centrifuge rotor molingana.

V. Kulekanitsa Plasma ndi Zigawo za Ma Cellular

Pa nthawi yogawa magazi m'magazi, zigawo za magazi zimagawikana m'magawo osiyana mkati mwa machubu a centrifuge. Plasma, gawo lamadzimadzi achikasu a magazi, limakwera pamwamba chifukwa ndi gawo lochepa kwambiri. Gawoli limachotsedwa mosamala pogwiritsa ntchito pipette kapena zipangizo zinazake zolekanitsa plasma. Zigawo zotsala za maselo, kuphatikizapo ma RBC, ma WBC, ndi ma platelet, zimapanga pellet pansi pa chubu.

VI. Kulekanitsa Maselo Ofiira ndi Oyera a M'magazi

Pambuyo polekanitsa plasma, piritsi yokhala ndi ma RBC, ma WBC, ndi ma platelet iyenera kukonzedwanso kuti ipatule zigawo zake. Phula limayikidwanso pang'onopang'ono mu yankho loyenera lotchedwa yankho lotsuka. Gawoli likuphatikizapo kuwonjezera buffer ndikusakaniza pang'onopang'ono kuti phulula liyimitsidwe mofanana. Kenako zitsanzozo zimayikidwa mu centrifugation yotsatira kuti phulusa ndi ma WBC zilekanitsidwe.

VII. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Centrifugation Kupatula Ma Platelets

Ma platelet, ofunikira pakuundana kwa magazi ndi kuchiritsa mabala, angapezeke pogwiritsa ntchito njira yotchedwa platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zinazake zoyezera kutentha kwa magazi, PRP imatha kuchotsedwa ndikusonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku plasma. PRP imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'njira zosiyanasiyana zachipatala, kuphatikizapo chithandizo cha mafupa, kuchiritsa mabala, ndi dermatology.

VIII. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Centrifugation mu Zachipatala ndi Kafukufuku

Kutsegula centrifugation kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'ma laboratories azachipatala ndi ofufuza. Kuwonjezera pa kulekanitsa zigawo za magazi, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polekanitsa ziwalo za m'magazi, kuyeretsa mapuloteni, ndi kuphunzira momwe maselo amagwirira ntchito. Kutsegula centrifugation kumagwiritsanso ntchito poyeretsa mavairasi ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kuyesa maselo, ndi kafukufuku wa mankhwala.

Pomaliza, centrifugation ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yolekanitsira zigawo za magazi ndikuziphunzira payekhapayekha. Pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo za sedimentation ndi density gradient, zigawo zosiyanasiyana monga plasma, RBCs, WBCs, ndi platelets zitha kupezeka bwino. Kubwera kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya centrifuges kwathandizira kwambiri pakupita patsogolo kwa matenda azachipatala ndi kafukufuku. Ndi ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana, centrifugation ikupitilizabe kuthandiza kupeza zinthu zatsopano m'munda wa sayansi ya zamankhwala.