Pehea e hoʻokaʻawale ai ke centrifugation i ke koko
ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano hana koʻikoʻi ma ke kahua o ka noiʻi lapaʻau a me nā diagnostics lapaʻau ʻo ia ka centrifugation. Pili kēia kaʻina hana i ka milo ʻana i nā laʻana ma nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana like ʻole ma muli o ko lākou mau mānoanoa like ʻole. He mea nui loa ka centrifugation i ka wā e pili ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻāpana kikoʻī mai ke koko. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e ʻimi mākou pehea e hoʻohana ʻia ai nā ʻano hana centrifugation e hoʻokaʻawale i ke koko i loko o kona mau ʻāpana like ʻole, e like me ka plasma, nā platelets, a me nā ʻulaʻula a me nā keʻokeʻo koko. E ʻeli mākou i nā kumumanaʻo ma hope o ka centrifugation, nā ʻano centrifuges i hoʻohana ʻia, a me nā hoʻohana ʻana o kēia ʻano hana ma nā wahi lapaʻau a me nā noiʻi.
I. Hoʻolauna
He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ke koko o ke kino kanaka e hana ana i nā hana koʻikoʻi e like me ka lawe ʻana i ka oxygen, ka pane ʻana o ka pale ʻana, a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā ʻōpala. Aia i loko o ia mea kekahi mau ʻāpana, me ka plasma, nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula (RBC), nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo (WBC), a me nā platelets. No nā kumu diagnostic a me nā noiʻi like ʻole, pono e hoʻokaʻawale i kēia mau ʻāpana e aʻo iā lākou pākahi, e kālailai i ko lākou mau waiwai, a i ʻole e hoʻohana iā lākou no nā hana lapaʻau kikoʻī.
II. Nā Kumumanaʻo o ka Centrifugation
Hoʻohana ka Centrifugation i nā loina o ka sedimentation a me ka density gradient e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke koko. Ke milo ʻia kahi laʻana i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe i loko o kahi centrifuge, neʻe nā ʻāpana paʻa i ka periphery, ʻoiai e hōʻuluʻulu nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i ke kikowaena o ka laʻana. ʻO ka hopena o ka ikaika centrifugal e hiki ai ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana koko ma muli o ko lākou mau densities, me nā ʻāpana kaumaha e neʻe ana i lalo a i ʻole e hana ana i kahi pellet.
III. Nā ʻAno o nā Centrifuges
Aia nā ʻano centrifuges like ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ke koko. ʻO kēia mau mea me nā centrifuges tabletop, microcentrifuges, ultracentrifuges, a me nā centrifuges refrigerated. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻano kona mau hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī, nā wikiwiki, a me nā mana. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā centrifuges tabletop i nā keʻena hoʻokolohua lapaʻau no ka mea hāʻawi lākou i kahi kaulike ma waena o nā hiki ke wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe a me ka nui o ka laʻana.
IV. Ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā hāpana koko
Ma mua o ka centrifugation, he mea nui e hoʻomākaukau pono i nā hāpana koko e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokaʻawale pololei ʻana o nā ʻāpana. Hoʻiliʻili pinepine ʻia ke koko me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā anticoagulants e pale aku i ka clotting. A laila hoʻohuihui pono ʻia ka hāpana a hoʻoili ʻia i nā ʻōmole centrifuge kūpono, e mālama pono ana ʻaʻole e hoʻokomo i nā pehu ea. Hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia nā ʻōmole centrifuge e pale aku i ka leaka ʻana a waiho ʻia i loko o ka centrifuge rotor ma nā hoʻonohonoho kaulike.
V. Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā ʻāpana Plasma a me nā ʻāpana Kelepona
I ka wā o ka centrifugation, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana koko i nā papa like ʻole i loko o nā paipu centrifuge. ʻO ka plasma, ka ʻāpana wai melemele o ke koko, piʻi aʻe i luna no ka mea ʻo ia ka ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa o ka mānoanoa. Hoʻokaʻawale pono ʻia kēia papa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi pipette a i ʻole nā mea hoʻokaʻawale plasma kikoʻī. ʻO nā ʻāpana cellular i koe, me nā RBC, WBC, a me nā platelets, e hana i kahi pellet ma lalo o ka paipu.
VI. Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula a me keʻokeʻo
Ma hope o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka plasma, pono e hana hou ʻia ka pellet e loaʻa ana nā RBC, WBC, a me nā platelets e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana pākahi. Hoʻokuʻu mālie ʻia ka pellet i loko o kahi hopena kūpono i kapa ʻia ʻo ka wai holoi. ʻO kēia kaʻina hana e pili ana i ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi buffer a me ka hui mālie ʻana e hoʻokuʻu like i ka pellet. A laila hoʻokomo ʻia nā laʻana i nā pōʻai centrifugation ma hope e hoʻokaʻawale i nā RBC a me nā WBC.
VII. Ke hoʻohana nei i ka Centrifugation e hoʻokaʻawale i nā platelets
Hiki ke loaʻa nā platelets, he mea nui no ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka ho'ōla ʻana i nā ʻeha, ma o ke kaʻina hana i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā protocols centrifugation kikoʻī, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia a hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka PRP mai ka papa plasma. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka PRP i nā kaʻina hana lapaʻau like ʻole, me nā mālama orthopedic, ka ho'ōla ʻana i nā ʻeha, a me ka dermatology.
VIII. Nā Hoʻohana o ka Centrifugation ma nā Hoʻonohonoho Lapaʻau a me ka Noiʻi
He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko ka centrifugation i nā keʻena hoʻokolohua lapaʻau a me nā noiʻi. Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻāpana koko, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā organelles subcellular, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā protein, a me ke aʻo ʻana i nā pilina cellular. Loaʻa pū ka Centrifugation i nā noi i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā virus a me nā nanoparticles, nā hoʻāʻo cellular, a me ka noiʻi pharmacological.
I ka hopena, he ʻano hana koʻikoʻi ka centrifugation no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻāpana koko a me ke aʻo ʻana iā lākou pākahi. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumumanaʻo o ka sedimentation a me ka density gradient, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale pono ʻia nā ʻāpana like ʻole e like me ka plasma, RBCs, WBCs, a me nā platelets. ʻO ka hiki ʻana mai o nā ʻano centrifuges like ʻole ua kōkua nui i ka holomua ʻana i nā diagnostics lapaʻau a me ka noiʻi. Me kāna ākea o nā noi, hoʻomau ka centrifugation i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā ʻike hou i ke kahua o nā ʻepekema biomedical.
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