He aha ke ʻano hoʻokaʻawale centrifugation
ʻAno Hoʻokaʻawale Centrifugation: Hoʻololi i nā ʻenehana Keʻena Hoʻokolohua
Hoʻolauna
I ke ao o ka noiʻi ʻepekema a me nā ʻenehana hoʻokolohua, he kuleana koʻikoʻi nā ʻano hoʻokaʻawale i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻāpana kikoʻī mai nā hui paʻakikī. ʻOiai he nui nā ʻano hana i loaʻa, ua kū mai ka centrifugation ma ke ʻano he ʻano hana kūpono loa a hoʻohana nui ʻia. Ke nānā nei kēia ʻatikala i ke kumumanaʻo ma hope o ka centrifugation a me kāna mau noi like ʻole ma nā ʻano ʻepekema like ʻole.
Ke Hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka Centrifugation
ʻO ke centrifugation kahi ʻano hana e hoʻohana ai i ka ikaika centrifugal e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana ma muli o ko lākou nui, ke ʻano, ka nui, a me ka viscosity. Ma ke kau ʻana i kahi hui i ka wili wikiwiki, ua koi ʻia nā ʻāpana kaumaha i lalo, e hana ana i kahi pellet, ʻoiai nā ʻāpana māmā e waiho mau ana i loko o ka wai supernatant. ʻO ka pono o kēia ʻano hana aia i ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale koke i nā ʻāpana e pono ai nā hola a i ʻole nā lā me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe.
Nā ʻAno o ka Centrifugation
ʻOkoʻa Centrifugation
ʻO ke ʻano centrifugation maʻamau a maʻamau hoʻi ke ʻano maʻamau. Ma kēia ʻano hana, milo ʻia kahi hāpana ma ka wikiwiki haʻahaʻa, e ʻae ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā ʻāpana ma muli o ko lākou nui a me ke kaumaha. Ma ka hoʻonui mālie ʻana i ka wikiwiki, hiki ke hana ʻia nā pōʻai centrifugation e hoʻokō ai i ka hoʻokaʻawale hou aʻe. Hana hou ʻia kēia kaʻina hana a hiki i ka hoʻokaʻawale pono ʻia ʻana o nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka hui ʻana.
Ka Centrifugation Gradient Density
ʻO ke ʻano centrifugation gradient density kahi ʻano ʻoi aku ka holomua o ke ʻano hoʻokaʻawale e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi medium gradient density. ʻO kēia medium, ma ke ʻano he hopena o ka sucrose a i ʻole cesium chloride, e hana i kahi gradient like i loko o ka paipu centrifuge. A laila hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka hui ʻana ma luna o ka gradient, a ma hope o ka centrifugation, neʻe nā ʻāpana like ʻole ma ka paipu e like me ko lākou mau densities buoyant. Hiki i kēia ʻenehana ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana me nā nui like akā nā densities like ʻole.
Nā noi o ka Centrifugation
Biochemistry a me Cell Biology
He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko ka centrifugation ma ke kahua o ka biochemistry a me ke olaola o ke kelepona. Hoʻomaʻalahi ia i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā organelles kelepona e like me mitochondria, nuclei, a me nā ribosomes, he mea nui no ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ko lākou ʻano a me ka hana. Ma ke kau ʻana i nā ʻāpana kelepona i ka centrifugation ʻokoʻa, hiki i nā kānaka ʻepekema ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana kelepona ma muli o ko lākou wikiwiki sedimentation a me ka nui, e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻike waiwai e pili ana i kā lākou mau kuleana olaola.
Nā Hōʻoia Lapaʻau
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka centrifugation i nā diagnostics lapaʻau e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana koko. Ma ka milo ʻana i ke koko i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelets mai ka plasma. Hiki i kēia ke nānā i nā ʻāpana kikoʻī e like me nā pae hematocrit, nā helu hunaola koko, a me nā protein plasma, e kōkua ana i ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi like ʻole a me ka nānā ʻana i ke olakino holoʻokoʻa.
ʻOihana Meaʻai a me Mea Inu
Loaʻa nā noi o ka centrifugation i ka ʻoihana meaʻai a me ka mea inu, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā pae paʻa a me nā wai. No ka laʻana, i ka wā e hana ai i nā wai huaʻai, hoʻohana ʻia ka centrifugation e wehe i ka pulp a hoʻonui i ka moakāka o ka huahana hope loa. Eia kekahi, i ka hana ʻana i ka pia, he mea nui ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā cell hū mai ka wai i hoʻoulu ʻia e loaʻa ai kahi huahana inu moakāka.
Ka Nānā ʻana i ke Kaiapuni
Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano hana centrifugation i nā loiloi kaiapuni like ʻole e hoʻoholo ai i nā waiwai a me nā ʻāpana o nā laʻana paʻakikī. No ka laʻana, i loko o nā hale hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai ʻino, hoʻohana ʻia nā centrifuges e hoʻokaʻawale i ka sludge mai ka pae wai, e hoʻomaʻalahi ana i ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka wai i mālama ʻia. Pēlā nō, i ka loiloi lepo, hiki i ka centrifugation ke kōkua i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻāpana lepo o nā nui like ʻole, e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻike waiwai e pili ana i ka momona o ka lepo, ka haku mele ʻana, a me nā mea haumia hiki.
Nā Pōmaikaʻi a me nā Palena o ka Centrifugation
Nā Pōmaikaʻi
Hāʻawi ka Centrifugation i kekahi mau pono ma mua o nā ʻano hana hoʻokaʻawale ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka mea mua, he hana wikiwiki ia, e hiki ai i nā mea noiʻi a me nā ʻepekema ke loaʻa nā hopena i kahi manawa pōkole. Eia kekahi, he kūpono loa ka centrifugation, e hōʻoia ana i ka hoʻōla nui ʻana o nā ʻāpana i makemake ʻia. Eia kekahi, he ʻano hana mālie ia e hōʻemi ana i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā ʻāpana palupalu, e kūpono ai no nā ʻano laʻana olaola like ʻole.
Nā Palena
ʻOiai kona mau pono he nui, he mau palena ko ka centrifugation. ʻO ka mea mua, pono ia i nā lako kūikawā e like me nā centrifuges, ʻaʻole paha e loaʻa koke i nā keʻena hoʻokolohua āpau. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole kūpono kēia ʻano hana no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻāpana o ka nui like akā me nā densities like ʻole no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou e fractionate pono. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka centrifugation ke hoʻokomo i nā stress shear i kekahi manawa e hoʻololi i ka pono o kekahi mau laʻana olaola, e hoʻopilikia ana i ka pololei o nā hopena hope loa.
Hopena
He ʻenehana hoʻokaʻawale ikaika ka centrifugation i hoʻololi i nā kaʻina hana hoʻokolohua ma nā ʻano ʻepekema like ʻole. ʻO kona hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale koke i nā ʻāpana kikoʻī mai nā hui paʻakikī ua wehe i nā manawa he nui no ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka noiʻi a me nā noi ʻoihana. Mai ka biochemistry a me nā diagnostics lapaʻau a hiki i ka ʻai a me ka nānā ʻana i ke kaiapuni, ke hoʻomau nei ka centrifugation i kahi kuleana waiwai nui i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ko mākou ʻike i ke ao kūlohelohe a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ko mākou ola o kēlā me kēia lā.
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