chii chinonzi nzira ye centrifugation yekuparadzanisa

Nzira yeCentrifugation yekuparadzanisa: Kuchinja Matekiniki eLabhoritari

Nhanganyaya

Munyika yekutsvagisa kwesainzi uye matekiniki emurabhoritari, nzira dzekuparadzanisa dzinoita basa rakakosha mukuparadzanisa zvikamu zvakati kubva mumisanganiswa yakaoma. Kunyange zvazvo paine nzira dzakawanda dziripo, centrifugation yave iri imwe yenzira dzinoshanda uye dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Chinyorwa chino chinoongorora musimboti we centrifugation uye mashandisirwo ayo akasiyana-siyana muminda yakasiyana yesainzi.

Kunzwisisa Centrifugation

Kupinza zvinhu mu centrifugation inzira inoshandisa simba re centrifugal kuparadzanisa zvidimbu zvichienderana nehukuru hwazvo, chimiro, huwandu, uye viscosity. Nekuisa musanganiswa pakutenderera nekukurumidza, zvidimbu zvinorema zvinomanikidzwa pasi, zvichiita pellet, nepo zvidimbu zvakareruka zvichiramba zvakasungirirwa mumvura ine supernatant. Kubudirira kwenzira iyi kuri mukukwanisa kuparadzanisa zvikamu nekukurumidza izvo zvaizoda maawa kana kunyange mazuva uchishandisa dzimwe nzira.

Mhando dzeCentrifugation

Kusiyanisa kweCentrifugation

Kuparadzanisa masero (differential centrifugation) ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa uye iri nyore yekubatanidza masero. Munzira iyi, sampuro inotenderedzwa nekumhanya kwakaderera, zvichibvumira kupatsanurwa kwezvikamu zvichienderana nehukuru hwazvo nehuremu hwazvo. Nekuwedzera kumhanya zvishoma nezvishoma, kutenderera kunotevedzana kwekubatanidza masero kunogona kuitwa kuti pave nekupatsanurwa kwakawedzerwa. Maitiro aya anodzokororwa kusvika zvikamu zvakasiyana zvemusanganiswa zvanyatsoparadzaniswa.

Kudzora Kuwanda Kwemagiraidhi

Kushandiswa kwe density gradient centrifugation inzira yepamusoro yekuparadzanisa inosanganisira kushandiswa kwe density gradient medium. Iyi medium, inowanzo kuve mhinduro ye sucrose kana cesium chloride, inoumba gradient yakafanana mu centrifuge tube. Musanganiswa wacho unozoiswa pamusoro pe gradient, uye kana centrifugation yaitwa, zvikamu zvakasiyana zvinofamba pamwe chete ne tube zvichienderana nekuwanda kwazvo. Iyi nzira inobvumira kupatsanurwa kwezvikamu zvine saizi dzakafanana asi densities dzakasiyana.

Mashandisirwo eCentrifugation

Biochemistry uye Biology yeMasero

Kubatanidza masero (centrifugation) kunoita basa guru munyaya dze biochemistry ne cellular biology. Kunobatsira pakupatsanurwa nekucheneswa kwemasero akadai se mitochondria, nuclei, uye ribosomes, zvakakosha pakunzwisisa chimiro nekushanda kwawo. Nekuisa masero anobviswa mumasero mu differential centrifugation, masayendisiti anogona kupatsanura zvikamu zvemasero zvichienderana nekumhanya kwawo uye kuwanda kwawo, zvichipa ruzivo rwakakosha nezvemabasa awo ehupenyu.

Kuongorora Zvirwere zveKliniki

Kutenderera ropa kunoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuongorora zvirwere zveropa kuti zviparadzanise zvikamu zveropa. Nekutenderera ropa nekukurumidza, masero matsvuku eropa, masero machena eropa, uye maplatelet zvinogona kuparadzaniswa neplasma. Izvi zvinogonesa kuongororwa kwezvikamu zvakati wandei zvakaita semazinga ehematocrit, huwandu hwemasero eropa, uye mapuroteni eplasma, zvichibatsira mukuongorora zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana uye kutarisa hutano hwese.

Indasitiri yeChikafu neZvinwiwa

Kugadzira centrifugation kunoshandiswa muindasitiri yezvikafu nezvinwiwa, kunyanya mukupatsanura zvikamu zvakasimba nezvinwiwa. Semuenzaniso, pakugadzira muto wemichero, centrifugation inoshandiswa kubvisa pulp uye kuwedzera kujeka kwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira. Pamusoro pezvo, pakugadzira doro, kupatsanurwa kwemasero embiriso kubva mumvura yakaviriswa kwakakosha kuti chigadzirwa chive chakajeka chinonwiwa.

Kuongorora Zvakatipoteredza

Nzira dzekushandisa centrifugation dzinoshandiswa mukuongorora kwakasiyana-siyana kwezvakatipoteredza kuti vaone hunhu uye zvinhu zviri mumienzaniso yakaoma. Semuenzaniso, mumiti yekuchenesa mvura yakasviba, centrifuge dzinoshandiswa kuparadzanisa tsvina kubva muchikamu chemvura, zvichiita kuti mvura yakanatswa iraswe. Saizvozvowo, mukuongorora ivhu, centrifugation inogona kubatsira mukuparadzanisa zvidimbu zvevhu zvehukuru hwakasiyana, zvichipa ruzivo rwakakosha nezvekubereka ivhu, kuumbwa kwaro, uye zvinhu zvinogona kusvibisa ivhu.

Zvakanakira uye Zvisingakwanisike zveCentrifugation

Zvakanakira

Kupinza zvinhu mu centrifugation kune zvakanakira zvakawanda pane dzimwe nzira dzekuparadzanisa. Chekutanga, inzira inokurumidza, inobvumira vaongorori nemasayendisiti kuwana mhedzisiro munguva pfupi. Pamusoro pezvo, kupinza zvinhu mu centrifugation kunoshanda zvikuru, zvichiita kuti zvikamu zvinodiwa zvidzoke zvakanyanya. Uyezve, inzira inonyorova inoderedza kukuvara kwezvidimbu zvisina kusimba, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune akasiyana masampuli ehupenyu.

Miganhu

Pasinei nezvakanakira zvakawanda, centrifugation ine zvimwe zvipingamupinyi. Chekutanga, inoda michina yakakosha senge centrifuges, iyo ingasawanikwe nyore nyore mumarabhoritari ese. Pamusoro pezvo, nzira iyi haina kukodzera kupatsanura zvidimbu zvehukuru hwakaenzana asi zvine densities dzakafanana sezvo zvisingakwanise kupatsanurwa zvakanaka. Uyezve, centrifugation dzimwe nguva inogona kukonzera shear stress dzinogona kuchinja kusimba kwemamwe masampuli ehupenyu, zvichikanganisa kururama kwemhedzisiro yekupedzisira.

Mhedziso

Kugadzira centrifugation inzira ine simba yekuparadzanisa yakachinja maitiro emurabhoritari munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzesainzi. Kukwanisa kwayo kuparadzanisa nekukurumidza zvikamu zvakati wandei kubva mumisanganiswa yakaoma kwakavhura mikana isingaverengeki yekufambira mberi kwekutsvaga nekushandiswa kweindasitiri. Kubva ku biochemistry uye kuongororwa kwekiriniki kusvika kuongororo yechikafu nezvakatipoteredza, kugadzira centrifugation kunoramba kuchiita basa rinokosha mukusimudzira kunzwisisa kwedu nyika yechisikigo uye kuvandudza hupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva.