He aha ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale ai ka centrifugation
Centrifugation: He aha kāna e hoʻokaʻawale ai?
Hoʻolauna i ka Centrifugation
He ʻano hana ikaika ka centrifugation i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma nā ʻano ʻepekema like ʻole, me ka biology, kemika, a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. E like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, pili ka centrifugation i ka milo ʻana o nā laʻana i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻokumu kēia hoʻohuli i kahi ikaika centrifugal e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o kahi hui ʻana ma muli o ko lākou nui a i ʻole ka nui. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumumanaʻo o ka centrifugation, hiki i nā kānaka ʻepekema ke hoʻokaʻawale a hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono i nā mea i manaʻo ʻia mai nā hui paʻakikī. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e ʻimi mākou i nā kumu o ka centrifugation a kūkākūkā i nā mea like ʻole e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale.
Ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻāpana koko: Ka Mana o ka Centrifugation
ʻO kekahi o nā hoʻohana maʻamau o ka centrifugation ʻo ia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻāpana koko. Hana ʻia ke koko me nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula (erythrocytes), nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo (leukocytes), nā platelets, a me ka plasma. No ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻāpana kikoʻī no nā kumu diagnostic a therapeutic paha, he kuleana koʻikoʻi ka centrifugation. Ma ka milo ʻana i ke koko i loko o kahi centrifuge kūikawā, ua pelleted ʻia nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula mānoanoa ma lalo, e hana ana i kahi papa i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hematocrit. Ma luna o ka papa hematocrit, ʻike ʻia ka ʻaʻahu buffy, nona nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo a me nā platelets. ʻO ka hope loa, ʻo ka plasma, ka ʻāpana wai o ke koko, e noho ana ma ka papa luna. ʻAe kēia hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻāpana koko like ʻole no ka nānā ʻana a i ʻole ka hana hou ʻana.
ʻOkoʻa Centrifugation: Ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā Organelles Cellular
He mau ʻāpana koʻikoʻi nā organelles cellular i loko o nā cell e hana ana i nā hana kikoʻī. Pono pinepine nā kānaka ʻepekema e hoʻokaʻawale a aʻo i kēia mau organelles e hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi i nā kaʻina hana cellular. ʻO ka centrifugation ʻokoʻa kahi ʻenehana e hoʻohana pono ana i nā ʻano densities like ʻole o nā organelles e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou. Ma ke kau ʻana i nā homogenates cell a i ʻole nā extracts i kahi moʻo o nā ʻanuʻu centrifugation ma nā wikiwiki like ʻole, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā organelles i nā ʻāpana like ʻole. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka centrifugation mua ma ka wikiwiki haʻahaʻa e wehe i nā ʻano cellular nui loa, e like me nā nuclei a me nā ʻōpala. ʻO nā holo ma hope ma nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe hiki ke pellet mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, a i ʻole lysosomes i nā ʻāpana kaʻawale. ʻAe kēia ʻenehana i nā mea noiʻi e aʻo i nā organelles pākahi a me kā lākou mau hana.
Ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka DNA ma o ka Centrifugation: He ʻenehana kipi
Ma ke kahua o ka biology molecular, ʻo ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka DNA kahi hana nui i nā hoʻokolohua a i ʻole nā loiloi like ʻole. Ua hoʻololi ka centrifugation i ke kaʻina hana o ka unuhi ʻana o ka DNA, e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka manawa kūpono. Ma kēia ʻano hana, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi hui ʻana i loaʻa ka DNA, nā protein, a me nā ʻāpana cellular ʻē aʻe i ka centrifugation. ʻOiai he mole lōʻihi ka DNA, e like me ke kaula, ua hoʻokahe koke ʻia mai ka hopena ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe ke hoʻopili ʻia ka ikaika centrifugal. Ma ka hoʻopunipuni pono ʻana i nā kūlana centrifugal, hiki i nā kānaka ʻepekema ke loaʻa ka DNA i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā haʻawina genetic, ka sequencing, a i ʻole nā ʻano hana molecular ʻē aʻe.
Ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻāpana kelepona: Ke kuleana o ka Density Gradient Centrifugation
ʻO ka centrifugation me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka density gradient media e ʻae ai i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā ʻāpana me nā density like akā nā nui like ʻole. Ma ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi medium me kahi density gradient (kiʻekiʻe ma lalo a haʻahaʻa ma luna), hiki i nā kānaka ʻepekema ke nānā i ka neʻe ʻana o nā ʻāpana like ʻole i ko lākou hiki ʻana i ko lākou mau kūlana kaulike ma muli o ka density. No ka laʻana, i ka wā e hoʻopili ʻia ai i ka hui ʻana o nā protein i loko o kahi density gradient, e piholo nā protein kaumaha i lalo, ʻoiai ʻo nā mea māmā e lana i luna. He mea pono loa kēia ʻano hana no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā lipoproteins i nā haʻawina cholesterol a i ʻole ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā virus.
Hopena:
He ʻano hana maʻalahi ka centrifugation me nā noi he nui i ka noiʻi ʻepekema a me nā diagnostics lapaʻau. Ua lilo ia i ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o nā kaʻina hana hoʻokolohua, e ʻae ana i nā ʻepekema e hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea like ʻole e pili ana i ko lākou mau densities a i ʻole nā nui. Mai ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻāpana koko a hiki i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā organelles cellular a me DNA, ke hoʻomau nei ka centrifugation i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka ʻike ʻepekema a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā hana mālama ola. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mana o ka ikaika centrifugal, hiki i nā mea noiʻi ke hoʻokaʻawale a hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono i nā ʻāpana i manaʻo ʻia, e hoʻomākaukau ana i ke ala no nā ʻike hou a me nā holomua ma nā ʻano like ʻole.
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