Pehea e hoʻokaʻawale ai ka centrifugation i nā organelles cell
Pehea e hoʻokaʻawale ai ka Centrifugation i nā Organelles Cell?
Hoʻolauna:
He ʻano hana koʻikoʻi ka centrifugation i hoʻohana ʻia i ka noiʻi olaola e hoʻokaʻawale i nā organelles cell ma muli o ko lākou nui, ka nui, a me ka nui o ka sedimentation. Ma ke kau ʻana i nā laʻana i nā ikaika rotational wikiwiki, hoʻohana ka centrifugation i nā ʻokoʻa o kēia mau waiwai, e ʻae ana i nā kānaka ʻepekema e hoʻokaʻawale i nā organelles kikoʻī no ka nānā hou aku. Wehewehe kēia ʻatikala i nā kumumanaʻo ma hope o ka centrifugation a nānā i kāna mau noi i ka biology cell.
1. Nā Kumu o ka Centrifugation:
ʻO ke centrifugation e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi centrifuge, kahi mīkini e milo i nā laʻana i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe e hana i nā ikaika centrifugal. Hoʻoulu kēia mau ikaika i nā ʻāpana e waiho i ka lepo, me nā ʻāpana kaumaha a nui e noho wikiwiki ana ma mua o nā mea māmā a liʻiliʻi. Hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana ma ka pelleting ʻana i nā ʻāpana kaumaha ma lalo o ka paipu, a laila e hoʻokaʻawale ana iā lākou mai ke koena o ka laʻana.
2. ʻOkoʻa Centrifugation:
ʻO ka centrifugation ʻokoʻa ke ʻano hana i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale i nā organelles cell. Pili ia i kahi moʻo o nā ʻanuʻu centrifugation kaʻina, kēlā me kēia me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ikaika centrifugal a me ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka pahuhopu ka hoʻokaʻawale mālie ʻana i nā organelles ma muli o ko lākou nui a me ka nui.
I ka wā o ka milo wikiwiki haʻahaʻa mua, noho nā ʻōpala nui a me nā nuclei ma lalo, e hana ana i kahi pellet. ʻO ka supernatant, nona nā organelles liʻiliʻi e like me mitochondria a me lysosomes, ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia a hoʻokomo ʻia i kahi pōʻai centrifugation ʻē aʻe i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe. Hana hou ʻia kēia kaʻina hana i nā manawa he nui, e hopena ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā organelles kikoʻī.
3. Ke Keʻena Hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka Gradient Density:
ʻO ka centrifugation gradient density kahi ʻenehana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻokaʻawale i nā organelles ʻaʻole wale ma ka nui akā ma ka density. Ma kēia ʻano hana, ʻelua a ʻoi aku paha nā pae wai me ka piʻi ʻana o nā densities i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o kahi paipu centrifuge. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia i ka centrifugation, neʻe nā organelles ma o ka gradient density a hiki i ka ʻāina kahi e kūlike ai ko lākou density me ka medium a puni.
Hoʻokumu nā organelles i nā hui a i ʻole nā ʻāpana like ʻole i loko o ka gradient, e ʻae ana i kā lākou hōʻiliʻili a me ka nānā hou ʻana. He mea pono loa kēia ʻano hana i ka wā e hoʻokaʻawale ai i nā organelles palupalu, e like me nā peroxisomes a me nā mea hana Golgi, nona nā nui like akā nā densities like ʻole.
4. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka Ultracentrifugation:
ʻO ka Ultracentrifugation e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā centrifuges wikiwiki e hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā mana e ʻoi aku ana ma mua o 100,000 mau manawa o ke kaumaha o ka Honua. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano hana no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā organelles liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka paʻa, e like me nā microsomes, ribosomes, a me nā virus.
Ma ke kau ʻana i ka hāpana i kēlā mau mana koʻikoʻi, hiki i ka ultracentrifugation ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana a hiki i ka nanoscale. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano sedimentation hopena e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana cellular kikoʻī e pili ana i ko lākou nui a me ka nui.
5. Nā noi ma ke Kelepona Pūnaewele:
He mea hana koʻikoʻi ka centrifugation i loko o ke olaola o ke kelepona me nā ʻano hana like ʻole. Ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā organelles kikoʻī, hiki i nā mea noiʻi ke aʻo i kā lākou mau hana, ka haku mele ʻana o ka protein, a me nā pilina i loko o ke kelepona.
ʻO kahi noi koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hana mitochondrial a me ka hana ʻole. ʻAe ka centrifugation i nā mea noiʻi e hoʻokaʻawale i nā mitochondria mai nā ʻiʻo a i ʻole nā kelepona like ʻole a nānā i kā lākou bioenergetics, metabolism, a me ke kuleana i nā maʻi e like me Parkinson's a i ʻole Alzheimer's.
ʻO kekahi noi ʻē aʻe aia i ke aʻo ʻana i nā virus a me nā maʻi viral. Hiki i ka Ultracentrifugation ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā ʻāpana viral mai nā cell i loaʻa i ka maʻi, e kōkua ana i ke ʻano o ko lākou ʻano, genome, a me nā ʻano hana o ka hana hou ʻana o ka viral.
Eia kekahi, he kuleana koʻikoʻi ko ka centrifugation ma ke kahua o ka proteomics ma o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻāpana cellular i komo i ka synthesis protein a me ke kālepa ʻana. Hoʻomaʻalahi kēia i ka nānā ʻana i ka localization protein, nā hoʻololi ma hope o ka unuhi ʻana, a me nā pilina protein-protein.
Hopena:
He ʻano hana koʻikoʻi ka centrifugation no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā organelles cell ma muli o ko lākou nui, ka nui, a me nā helu sedimentation. Ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka centrifugation differential a me ka density gradient centrifugation, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia a aʻo hohonu ʻia nā organelles kikoʻī. ʻO ka laulā o nā noi o kēia ʻano hana i loko o ka biology cell e hāʻawi nui i ko mākou ʻike i nā kaʻina hana cellular a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā therapeutics.
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