Me pēhea te wehewehe a te centrifugation i ngā whekau pūtau
Me pēhea te wehewehe a te centrifugation i ngā organelles pūtau?
Kupu Whakataki:
He tikanga nui te centrifugation e whakamahia ana i roto i te rangahau koiora hei wehewehe i ngā whekau pūtau i runga i tō rātou rahi, te kiato, me te tere o te whakatō. Mā te tuku i ngā tauira ki ngā kaha hurihuri tere-teitei, ka whakamahia e te centrifugation ngā rerekētanga o ēnei āhuatanga, ka taea ai e ngā kaipūtaiao te wehe i ngā whekau motuhake mō ētahi atu tātaritanga. E whakamārama ana tēnei tuhinga i ngā mātāpono kei muri i te centrifugation, me te tūhura i ōna tono i roto i te koiora pūtau.
1. Ngā Kaupapa Taketake o te Whakapūngao:
Ko te whakamahi i te centrifuge he mīhini e hurihuri ana i ngā tauira i ngā tere teitei hei whakaputa i ngā kaha centrifuge. Mā ēnei kaha ka waiho ngā matūriki hei oneone, ā, ka tere ake te taunga o ngā matūriki taumaha me ngā matūriki nunui atu i ngā matūriki māmā me ngā matūriki iti. Ka tutuki te wehenga mā te whakapūpū i ngā matūriki taumaha ki raro o te ngongo, kia wehea ai rātou i te toenga o te tauira.
2. Te Whakapūtanga Rerekētanga:
Ko te whakapūtanga rerekē te tikanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana hei wehewehe i ngā whekau pūtau. Kei roto ko te raupapa o ngā mahi whakapūtanga raupapa, ia mahi me te kaha me te roa o te whakapūtanga. Ko te whāinga he wehewehe haere i ngā whekau i runga i te rahi me te mātotoru.
I te wā tuatahi o te takahuri tere-iti, ka tau ngā para nui me ngā karihi ki raro, ka hanga he pōro. Ka kohia te waikura, kei roto ngā whekau iti ake pērā i ngā mitochondria me ngā lysosomes, ka tukuna ki tētahi atu wāhanga o te centrifugation i ngā tere teitei ake. Ka whakahokia tēnei tukanga i ētahi wā, ka hua ake te wehenga o ngā whekau motuhake.
3. Te Whakapūtanga o te Rerekētanga Kiato:
Ko te whakapūtanga i te pikinga matotoru he tikanga matatau ake e wehewehe ana i ngā whekau, ehara i te mea mā te rahi anake, engari mā te matotoru hoki. I roto i tēnei tikanga, e rua, neke atu rānei ngā āhua wai e piki haere ana te matotoru ka whakatakotoria ki roto i tētahi ngongo whakapūtanga. Ina whakapūtangahia, ka heke ngā whekau mā roto i te pikinga matotoru kia tae rā anō ki te rohe e ōrite ana tō rātou matotoru ki te matotoru o te mea huri noa.
Ka hangaia e ngā okana he roopu, he rohe rānei motuhake i roto i te gradient, e taea ai te kohikohi me te tātari atu. He tino whai hua tēnei tikanga ina wehea ngā okana ngawari, pērā i ngā peroxisome me ngā taputapu Golgi, he rite te rahi engari he rerekē te kiato.
4. Te whakapūngao-ā-ira:
Ko te ultracentrifugation he whakamahi i ngā centrifuges tere-teitei ka taea te whakaputa i ngā kaha neke atu i te 100,000 ngā wā o te kaha ā-papa. Ka whakamahia tēnei tikanga mō te wehewehe i ngā whekau iti ake, me ngā whekau matotoru ake, pērā i ngā microsome, ngā ribosome, me ngā huaketo.
Mā te tuku i te tauira ki ngā kaha tino kaha, ka taea e te ultracentrifugation te wehewehe i ngā matūriki ki raro ki te nanoscale. Ka whakamahia ngā tauira whakapūmautanga hua hei wehe i ngā wāhanga pūtau motuhake i runga i tō rātou rahi me te mātotoru.
5. Ngā Whakamahinga i roto i te Koiora Pūtau:
He taputapu tino nui te whakamahi i te pūwero i roto i te koiora pūtau, he whānuitia hoki ōna whakamahinga. Mā te wehe me te pure i ngā whekau motuhake, ka taea e ngā kairangahau te ako i ā rātou mahi, te hanganga pūmua, me ngā taunekeneke i roto i te pūtau.
Ko tētahi whakamahinga nui ko te mārama ki te mahi me te koretake o te mahi a ngā mitochondria. Mā te centrifugation ka taea e ngā kairangahau te wehe i ngā mitochondria mai i ngā kiko, i ngā pūtau rānei rerekē, me te tirotiro i ō rātou kaha koiora, te pākia o te tinana, me te tūranga i roto i ngā mate pēnei i te mate a Parkinson, te mate a Alzheimer rānei.
Ko tētahi atu whakamahinga kei roto i te rangahau i ngā huaketo me ngā mate huaketo. Mā te whakamahi i te ultracentrifugation ka taea te pure i ngā matūriki huaketo mai i ngā pūtau pangia, ka āwhina i te whakaahua i ō rātou hanganga, te ira, me ngā tikanga o te whakaputa uri huaketo.
Hei tāpiritanga, he mahi nui tā te centrifugation i roto i te mara o te proteomics mā te wehe i ngā wāhanga pūtau e uru ana ki te hanga me te hokohoko pūmua. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i te tātari i te wāhi o te pūmua, ngā whakarerekētanga i muri i te whakamaoritanga, me ngā taunekeneke pūmua-pūmua.
Whakatau:
He tikanga nui te centrifugation mō te wehewehe i ngā whekau pūtau i runga i te rahi, te mātotoru, me ngā tere whakatō. Mā te whakamahi i te centrifugation rerekē me te centrifugation pikinga mātotoru, ka taea te wehewehe me te ako hōhonu i ngā whekau motuhake. Ko te whānuitanga o ngā whakamahinga o tēnei tikanga i roto i te koiora pūtau he mea nui ki tō tātou māramatanga ki ngā tukanga pūtau me te whanaketanga o ngā rongoā.
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