Izingxube zihlukaniswa kanjani ngaphakathi kwe-centrifuge

Isingeniso se-Centrifugation

I-Centrifugation iyindlela esetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eyahlukene yesayensi, yezokwelapha, neyezimboni yokuhlukanisa izingxube ngokusekelwe ekubuneni kwazo. Le nqubo ephumelelayo ihilela ukusetshenziswa komshini we-centrifuge, osebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal ukuhlukanisa izingxenye zengxube. Eminyakeni edlule, i-centrifugation ibe yithuluzi elibalulekile emalabhorethri ocwaningo, ezikhungweni zokuxilonga, nasezindaweni zezimboni ngenxa yamandla ayo okukhipha izinto ezithile nezinhlayiya ezingxubeni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola umhlaba othakazelisayo we-centrifugation futhi sihlole ukuthi izingxube zihlukaniswa kanjani ngaphakathi kwe-centrifuge.

Ukuqonda Amandla E-Centrifugal

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi izingxube zihlukaniswa kanjani ngaphakathi kwe-centrifuge, kubalulekile ukuqonda amandla e-centrifugal. Uma into ifakwa ku-centrifuge, ijikeleza ngokushesha, idale amandla e-centrifugal aqondiswe ngaphandle esuka phakathi nendawo. Izingxenye ezingaphakathi kwengxube zizwa ubukhulu obuhlukene bamandla ngokusekelwe ekubuneni kwazo. Izinhlayiya ezisindayo ziphoqelelwa emaphethelweni angaphandle egumbi elijikelezayo, elibizwa ngokuthi insimu yamandla e-centrifugal.

Ukuthuthwa kwenhlabathi: Ukuhlukaniswa ngobuningi

Enye yezindlela eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswa ku-centrifuge ukuthuthwa kwenhlabathi. Kule nqubo, izingxenye ezixinene ngaphakathi kwengxube zihlala phansi kwepayipi le-centrifuge, zakha i-pellet noma i-sediment. Lokhu kuvumela ukuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye ezinobukhulu obuhlukene. Isibonelo, ekuhlukanisweni kwegazi, amaseli abomvu egazi (ama-RBC) aminyene futhi ahlala phansi, kuyilapho i-plasma, equkethe ezinye izingxenye, ihlala ku-supernatant. Ngokususa ngokucophelela i-supernatant, ama-RBC angahlukaniswa ukuze kuhlaziywe kabanzi noma kusetshenziswe izinqubo zezokwelapha.

Isivinini Sokusheshisa Nokwenza Isikhathi Sibe Se-Centrifugation

Impumelelo ye-centrifugation incike kakhulu ekunqumeni isivinini esifanele kanye nobude besikhathi sokuhlukaniswa. Izinto noma izinhlayiya ezahlukene zingadinga izilungiselelo ezahlukene ze-centrifuge ukuze kufezwe ukuhlukaniswa okufanele. Ngokulungisa isivinini nesikhathi sokujikeleza, ososayensi bangenza ngokwezifiso inqubo ukuze iqondise ngqo izingxenye noma izinhlayiya ezifiselekayo. Isivinini esisheshayo sikhiqiza amandla aphezulu e-centrifugal, okusiza ekuhlukanisweni kwezinhlayiya ezincane noma ama-compounds. Kodwa-ke, amandla e-centrifugal amaningi angalimaza izinhlayiya noma amaseli abuthakathaka, kugcizelela isidingo sokuthola ibhalansi efanele.

Amasu Okusebenzisa I-Centrifugation: I-Differential kanye ne-Density Gradient

Ngaphakathi kwe-centrifugation, kusetshenziswa amasu amabili ayinhloko ukuhlukanisa izingxube: i-differential centrifugation kanye ne-density gradient centrifugation. I-differential centrifugation ihilela imijikelezo eminingi ye-centrifugation ngesivinini esandayo, okuvumela ukuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye ezahlukene ezigabeni ezahlukene. Ngokulungisa ubude kanye nesivinini sesinyathelo ngasinye esilandelayo, ososayensi bangahlukanisa kancane kancane izingxenye ezinobukhulu nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-centrifugation ye-density gradient isebenzisa ithubhu ye-centrifuge equkethe isisombululo se-density gradient. Lesi sixazululo sakha i-concentration gradient, okuvumela izinhlayiya ukuthi zihlale ezindaweni ezahlukene ngokusekelwe ekuminyaneni kwazo. Ngokubeka ngokucophelela ingxube phezu kwe-gradient, izinhlayiya ezinobukhulu obufanayo ziyathuthela ezindaweni ezithile ngaphakathi kwethubhu ye-centrifuge, okwenza kube lula ukuhlukana kwazo. I-density gradient centrifugation iwusizo kakhulu lapho kubhekene nezingxube eziqukethe izingxenye ezihlobene eduze noma izinhlayiya ezihluka kancane ngobuningi.

Isiphetho:

I-Centrifugation iyindlela eguquguqukayo nebalulekile yokuhlukanisa izingxube ezisetshenziswayo eziningi zesayensi, zezokwelapha, nezezimboni. Ngokusebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal kanye ne-sedimentation, ososayensi bangafinyelela ukuhlukaniswa okunembile kwezingxenye ngokusekelwe ekuminyaneni kwazo. Ngokusebenzisa izilungiselelo ze-centrifuge kahle kanye nokusebenzisa amasu afana ne-differential kanye ne-density gradient centrifugation, abacwaningi bangahlukanisa izinto ezithile noma izinhlayiya ngokunemba nangokusebenza kahle. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kubuchwepheshe be-centrifuge, leli thuluzi elibalulekile liyaqhubeka nokuguqula izinkambu ezahlukene zokufunda futhi lithuthukise ukuqonda kwethu izingxube eziyinkimbinkimbi.