i-centrifugation iyahlula njani imixube

I-Centrifugation: Indlela Enamandla Yokwahlula Imixube

Intshayelelo:

I-Centrifugation yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu kwelebhu yokwahlula imixube ngokusekelwe kwizinga layo lokutsalwa kwenkunkuma kwindawo yamandla e-centrifugal. Le ndlela ivumela ukwahlulwa kunye nokucocwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi komxube, kuquka izinto eziqinileyo, ulwelo, kunye namasuntswana axhonywe kwi-suspension.

1. Imigaqo esisiseko yeCentrifugation:

Ukuze uqonde indlela esebenza ngayo i-centrifugation, kubalulekile ukuba uqonde imigaqo yayo esisiseko. Kwisiseko sayo, i-centrifugation ixhomekeke kumgaqo we-sedimentation, oquka ukuhlaliswa kwamasuntswana axineneyo phantsi kwempembelelo yomxhuzulane. Ngokusebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal, anamandla aphindwe kaninzi kunamandla axhuzulayo, izinto ezinobunzima obahlukeneyo zinokwahlulwa ngempumelelo.

2. Ukulungiselela iSampuli yeCentrifugation:

Ngaphambi kokuba wenze i-centrifugation, kubalulekile ukulungiselela isampuli ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomxube ohlalutywayo, amanyathelo ahlukeneyo okufaka i-centrifugation anokufuneka. Oku kunokubandakanya ukongeza isisombululo esithile se-buffer, i-centrifugation medium, okanye kwanokulungisa isampuli ngaphambi kokuba isuswe izinto ezingafunekiyo ezinokuphazamisana nenkqubo yokwahlulahlula.

3. Iindidi zeCentrifugation kunye nezicelo zazo:

I-Centrifugation inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ngeentlobo ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezifana nesantya, indlela, kunye nokusetyenziswa okucetywayo. Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zeendlela zokwahlulwa kwe-centrifugal ezisetyenziswa kwiilabhoratri ziquka i-differential centrifugation, i-density gradient centrifugation, kunye ne-ultracentrifugation. Makhe sijonge ngakumbi ezi ntlobo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo okuthile.

3.1 Ukwahlulahlula kweCentrifugation:

I-differential centrifugation, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-fractionation centrifugation, yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu esetyenziselwa ukwahlula izinto ezinobukhulu obahlukeneyo. Le ndlela isebenza ngokunyusa amandla e-centrifugal ukuya kwi-sediment ngokulandelelana kwaye iqokelele amasuntswana okanye izinto ngokusekelwe kubukhulu kunye noxinano lwazo. Umzekelo wokusetyenziswa kwayo kukwahlula ii-organelles zeseli kwiiseli ezihambelanayo.

3.2 Uxinzelelo lweGradient Centrifugation:

I-centrifugation ye-density gradient centrifugation ibandakanya ukubeka isampuli phezu kwe-density gradient medium, efana ne-sucrose okanye i-cesium chloride. Njengoko i-centrifuge ijikeleza, amasuntswana angaphakathi kwesampuli ahamba kwi-density gradient medium ade afikelele kwindawo yawo yokulingana ngokusekelwe kuxinano lwawo. Le ndlela iluncedo kakhulu ekwahlukaniseni amasuntswana okanye izinto ezinobukhulu obufanayo kodwa obuhlukeneyo. Ifumana ukusetyenziswa ekucoceni iintsholongwane, iiproteni, kunye nee-nucleic acids.

3.3 Ukwenziwa kwe-Ultracentrifugation:

I-Ultracentrifugation yindlela enamandla esetyenziswayo ukwahlula amasuntswana ngokusekelwe kwimilo yawo, ubungakanani, kunye noxinano. Ngokusebenzisa isantya esiphezulu kunye nexesha elide lokusebenza, i-ultracentrifugation inokwahlula ngokufanelekileyo phakathi kwamasuntswana ahluke kwiinanometers okanye ii-milligrams ezimbalwa. Le ndlela isetyenziswa rhoqo kwi-biochemistry nakwi-molecular biology ukwahlula iinxalenye ze-subcellular, ukufunda ukusebenzisana kweproteni kunye neproteni, kunye nokumisela ubunzima bemolekyuli yee-macromolecules.

4. Izinto ezichaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-Centrifugation:

Izinto ezininzi zinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nempumelelo yenkqubo ye-centrifuge. Ezi ziquka isantya se-centrifuge, ubude bokusebenza, ubushushu, kunye nokukhethwa kweetyhubhu ze-centrifuge okanye ii-rotors. Ukuqonda ezi zinto kunye nokuzisebenzisa ngcono kunokuphucula kakhulu iziphumo zokwahlulwa ezifunyenwe kwi-centrifuge.

5. Iingenelo kunye nokunqongophala kwe-Centrifugation:

I-Centrifugation inika iingenelo ezininzi kunezinye iindlela zokwahlulahlula. Yindlela ekhawulezayo neguquguqukayo enokusingatha uluhlu olubanzi lweesampuli kwaye inesantya esiphezulu sokuphinda ivelise. Le ndlela inokwandiswa ngokulula kwizicelo zoshishino. Nangona kunjalo, i-centrifugation ikwanazo neentsilelo zayo, njengomonakalo wesampuli ngesantya esiphezulu, imfuneko yezixhobo ezikhethekileyo, kunye nemida yokwahlula amasuntswana anobunzima obufanayo.

Isiphelo:

I-Centrifugation yindlela ebalulekileyo yokwahlula imixube kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesayensi kunye nezoshishino. Amandla ayo okwahlula nokucoca izinto ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bazo atshintshe uphando kunye nophuhliso kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kunye nophuhliso lweendlela ezintsha ze-centrifugation, le ndlela inamandla iya kuqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufumaneni izinto zesayensi kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe kwiminyaka ezayo.