Kodi centrifugation imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji kulekanitsa magazi

Kutsegula Magazi: Njira Yamphamvu Yolekanitsira Zigawo za Magazi

Chiyambi:

Magazi ndi madzi ofunikira omwe amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakusunga ntchito zosiyanasiyana za thupi m'thupi la munthu. Amapangidwa ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo maselo ofiira a magazi (RBCs), maselo oyera a magazi (WBCs), ma platelet, ndi plasma. Kuti muphunzire zambiri za zigawozi kapena kukonzekera zinthu zinazake zamagazi kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pazachipatala, ndikofunikira kuzilekanitsa bwino. Njira imodzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa izi ndi centrifugation. M'nkhaniyi, tifufuza momwe centrifugation imagwiritsidwira ntchito kulekanitsa zigawo zosiyanasiyana zamagazi ndi kufunika kwake m'magawo osiyanasiyana.

I. Kumvetsetsa Centrifugation:

Kuchotsa zinthu m'thupi pogwiritsa ntchito centrifugation ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya centrifugal kulekanitsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana mkati mwa chisakanizo. Zimaphatikizapo kuyika chisakanizocho mu centrifuge, makina omwe amazungulira mofulumira chitsanzocho, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zigawo zokhuthala zisunthire pansi pa chubu kudzera mu sedimentation. Njirayi imalola kuti zigawozo zichotsedwe ndikusonkhanitsidwa kutengera kuchuluka ndi kukula kwake.

II. Mfundo Yoyambira ya Centrifugation mu Kulekanitsa Magazi:

Kugawa magazi m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito centrifugation kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti mupeze zigawo zosiyanasiyana za magazi, chifukwa gawo lililonse lili ndi makulidwe osiyana. Mwa kuyika magazi pansi pa mphamvu ya centrifugal, zigawo zosiyanasiyana zimagawikana m'magawo osiyanasiyana omwe amatha kuchotsedwa mosavuta. Nazi njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogawa magazi kudzera mu centrifugation:

1. Kutolera Chitsanzo cha Magazi:

Magazi okwanira amatengedwa kuchokera kwa wodwalayo pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Kenako magaziwo amasamutsidwa m'machubu apadera opangidwira kugawa magazi m'thupi.

2. Kukonzekera Chitsanzo:

Pofuna kupewa kuuma kwa magazi, mankhwala oletsa kuuma kwa magazi amawonjezeredwa mu chubu chokhala ndi chitsanzo cha magazi. Mankhwala oletsa kuuma kwa magazi amaonetsetsa kuti magazi azikhalabe mu mkhalidwe wamadzimadzi panthawi ya centrifugation.

3. Njira Yogwiritsira Ntchito Pakati pa Ma Centrifugation:

Magazi okonzedwawo amalowetsedwa mu centrifuge ndipo amazunguliridwa ndi liwiro lalikulu. Centrifuge imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya centrifugal, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zigawozo zilekanitsidwe chifukwa cha kuchulukana kwawo kosiyanasiyana. Ma RBC, omwe ndi olemera kwambiri, amakhala pansi, kutsatiridwa ndi ma WBC ndi ma platelet, pomwe plasma imakhalabe pamwamba.

III. Kulekanitsa Maselo Ofiira a Magazi:

Maselo ofiira a m'magazi (ma RBC) ndi omwe ali ndi magawo ambiri a magazi, omwe amachititsa kuti mpweya uyendetsedwe m'thupi lonse. Kulekanitsa ma RBC ndi magazi athunthu n'kofunika kwambiri pa njira zosiyanasiyana zachipatala, monga kuika magazi ndi kukonzekera zinthu zinazake m'magazi. Kutsegula magazi m'thupi kumasiyanitsa bwino ma RBC pogwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwawo.

1. Kusonkhanitsa kwa RBC-Rich Layer:

Pambuyo poti njira yoyezera madzi itatha, ma RBC amasonkhana pansi pa chubu, ndikupanga gawo lofiira lodziwika bwino. Gawoli limasonkhanitsidwa mosamala pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya pipette kapena aspiration.

2. Kutsuka ma RBC:

Ma RBC osonkhanitsidwa amatsukidwa ndi saline solution kuti achotse plasma yotsala kapena zinthu zina zosafunikira kuti athe kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala pa kafukufuku wowonjezera kapena pazifukwa zachipatala.

IV. Kupatula Plasma:

Plasma ndi gawo lamadzimadzi lopepuka, lachikasu m'magazi lomwe lili ndi mapuloteni osiyanasiyana, mahomoni, ma electrolyte, ndi mamolekyu ena ofunikira. Kulekanitsa plasma ndi magazi athunthu ndikofunikira pozindikira matenda, kuyang'anira mankhwala ochiritsira, komanso kukonzekera zinthu zamagazi monga kuikidwa magazi m'magazi.

1. Kusonkhanitsa kwa Plasma Layer:

Pambuyo pa centrifugation, gawo la plasma limawonekera pamwamba pa maselo ofiira ofiira opakidwa. Limasonkhanitsidwa mosamala pogwiritsa ntchito pipette kapena njira ina yofanana nayo, kuonetsetsa kuti palibe kuipitsidwa kapena kusokonezeka.

2. Kuletsa magazi kuundana kwa Plasma:

Pofuna kupewa kutsekeka kwa plasma panthawi yosungidwa, mankhwala oletsa kutsekeka kwa magazi monga citrate kapena heparin amawonjezeredwa. Mankhwalawa amasunga momwe madzi amakhalira komanso kusunga umphumphu wa zigawo za plasma.

V. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Centrifugation mu Zipatala ndi Kafukufuku:

Kutsegula magazi pogwiritsa ntchito centrifugation kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana polekanitsa zigawo za magazi. Nazi njira zingapo zodziwika bwino zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:

1. Kusunga Magazi ndi Mankhwala Oika Magazi:

Kutsegula magazi m'magazi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabanki osungira magazi kuti alekanitse ndikukonzekera zigawo monga maselo ofiira a m'magazi opakidwa, ma platelet concentrate, ndi plasma yatsopano yozizira. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri poika magazi, komwe odwala amalandira zinthu zinazake zamagazi kutengera matenda awo.

2. Hematology ndi Clinical Chemistry:

Kuyeza magazi m'thupi (centrifugation) ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakuwunika matenda m'ma laboratories, zomwe zimathandiza kuzindikira ndi kuyeza magawo osiyanasiyana a magazi. Kumathandiza kuzindikira maselo osazolowereka, kusanthula magazi m'magazi, komanso kuyesa zizindikiro zinazake.

3. Kafukufuku ndi Chitukuko:

Kutsegula magazi m'magazi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu kafukufuku wa zamankhwala kuti afufuze mbali zosiyanasiyana za zigawo za magazi. Kumathandiza asayansi kuphunzira mawonekedwe a maselo, kupatula maselo enaake ofunikira, ndikuwunika kapangidwe ka plasma.

Mapeto:

Kutsegula magazi m'magazi ndi njira yamphamvu komanso yosinthasintha yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polekanitsa zigawo za magazi. Kutha kwake kugwiritsa ntchito kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa magazi kumathandiza kuti maselo ofiira a magazi, plasma, ndi zigawo zina zofunika kwambiri zitulutsidwe bwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi kumakhudza kwambiri matenda azachipatala, kusunga magazi, ndi madera ambiri ofufuza. Ndi kupita patsogolo komwe kukuchitika, kutsegula magazi m'magazi kukupitilizabe kukhala ndi gawo lofunikira pakukweza kumvetsetsa kwathu magazi ndi zigawo zake komanso kuthandizira njira zachipatala zopulumutsa moyo.