he aha nā organelles i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i kēlā me kēia centrifugation

Centrifugation: Ke wehe nei i ke aupuni huna o nā Organelles

Hoʻolauna:

He ʻano hana ikaika ka centrifugation i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā ʻano ʻepekema like ʻole, e ʻae ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā ʻāpana cellular like ʻole. I loko o ke ao hoihoi o ka biology cell, hoʻokani nā organelles i nā kuleana koʻikoʻi a he mea nui ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kā lākou mau hana. Ke ʻimi nei kēia ʻatikala i ke kaʻina hana hoihoi o ka centrifugation a hōʻike i nā organelles hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale pono ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia ʻano hana.

1. Ke Hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka Centrifugation:

ʻO ke centrifugation kahi hana e hoʻohana ana i ka ikaika o ka wikiwiki centrifugal e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana o kahi hui ʻana ma muli o ko lākou nui. Ma ke kau ʻana i ka hui ʻana i ka wili wikiwiki i loko o kahi centrifuge, neʻe nā ʻāpana kaumaha i lalo, e hana ana i kahi pellet, ʻoiai nā ʻāpana māmā e noho ana i loko o ka supernatant. Hiki i kēia hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kānaka ʻepekema ke hoʻokaʻawale a aʻo i nā ʻāpana pākahi o ka hoihoi.

2. Ka Mana o ka Centrifugation ʻokoʻa:

ʻO ke centrifugation ʻokoʻa kahi ʻano maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale i nā organelles ma muli o ko lākou mau helu sedimentation. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi moʻo o nā milo wikiwiki haʻahaʻa a me nā milo wikiwiki, hiki i kēia ʻenehana ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā organelles like ʻole ma ke ʻano he kaʻina, ma muli o ko lākou mau densities. Ma kēia ala, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi hui paʻakikī i nā ʻāpana like ʻole, kēlā me kēia i hoʻonui ʻia me nā organelles kikoʻī.

2.1 Nā Nuclei a me Mitochondria i ka Milo Mua:

Hoʻohana ʻia ka centrifugation mua ma nā wikiwiki haʻahaʻa e hoʻokaʻawale i nā organelles nui e like me nā nuclei a me mitochondria. Loaʻa i kēia mau organelles nā densities kiʻekiʻe a hiki ke hoʻomoe i nā wikiwiki lohi. Ma hope o ka milo mua, ʻo ka supernatant ka ʻāpana cytoplasmic, ʻoiai ʻo ka pellet he mau nuclei a me mitochondria.

2.2 ʻO ka Endoplasmic Reticulum a me Golgi Apparatus i ka lua o ka Spin:

ʻO ka supernatant i loaʻa ma hope o ka milo mua, nona ka ʻāpana cytoplasmic, hiki ke hana i kahi milo wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe e pelletize i ka endoplasmic reticulum (ER) a me ka Golgi apparatus. ʻO kēia mau organelles, ke kuleana no ka synthesis protein, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, a me ka lawe ʻana, loaʻa iā lākou nā densities waena. No laila, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i kēia ʻanuʻu centrifugation ʻelua.

3. Ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā Lysosomes a me nā Peroxisomes:

ʻO Lysosomes a me peroxisomes, he mea nui no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o nā macromolecules a me ka detoxification o nā mea ʻino, ʻelua mau organelles koʻikoʻi e pono ai nā ʻano hana kikoʻī no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana.

3.1 Ke Keʻena Centrifugation Gradient Density no nā Lysosomes:

No ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā lysosomes, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka centrifugation gradient density. Pili kēia ʻano hana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi gradient o ka piʻi ʻana o nā densities, me ka hopena densest loa ma lalo a me ka māmā loa ma luna. Ke centrifuged ʻia ka hui ʻana me nā lysosomes, neʻe kēia mau organelles i ko lākou wahi density kikoʻī i loko o ka gradient, e ʻae ana i ko lākou hoʻokaʻawale ʻana mai nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe.

3.2 Ultracentrifugation no nā Peroxisomes:

Ma muli o ke ʻano like o ka nui ma waena o nā peroxisomes a me nā organelles ʻē aʻe, pono nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe no ko lākou hoʻokaʻawale ʻana. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Ultracentrifugation, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe loa, e hoʻokaʻawale i nā peroxisomes mai ke koena o ka hui ʻana. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻokoʻa iki o ka nui, hiki ke koho ʻia nā peroxisomes, e hoʻomaʻalahi ana i kā lākou haʻawina a me ka nānā ʻana.

4. Nā Manaʻo a me nā Holomua o ka Wā E Hiki Mai Ana:

I ka holomua ʻana o ka ʻenehana, hoʻonui mau nā holomua hou i nā ʻano hana centrifugation i ko mākou ʻike ʻana i nā organelles a me kā lākou mau hana. ʻO nā holomua hou e hoʻohana ana i ka isopycnic density gradient centrifugation a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka nanotechnology ua hāʻawi nui i ka pololei a me ka pono o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā organelle, e lilo ana lākou i mau mea hana ikaika no ka noiʻi biology cell.

Hopena:

He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko ka centrifugation i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke ʻano paʻakikī o nā cell ma o ka ʻae ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā organelles. Mai nā nuclei a i mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum a i nā golgi apparatus, lysosomes a i nā peroxisomes, loaʻa i kēlā me kēia o kēia mau organelles nā hana a me nā ʻano hana kūikawā. ʻO nā ʻenehana centrifugation, i hui pū ʻia me nā ʻano hana hou, hiki i nā ʻepekema ke luʻu hohonu i loko o ka honua paʻakikī o nā cell, e wehe ana i nā mea huna i hūnā ʻia i loko o kā lākou mau organelles.