ndeapi ma organelles akaparadzaniswa mune imwe neimwe centrifugation

Kudzora: Kufumura Nyika Yakavanzika yeOrganelles

Nhanganyaya:

Kugadzira centrifugation inzira ine simba inoshandiswa muzvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvesainzi, zvichibvumira kupatsanurwa kwezvikamu zvakasiyana zvemasero. Munyika inonakidza yebiology yemasero, maorganelle anoita mabasa akakosha uye kunzwisisa mabasa awo kwakakosha. Chinyorwa chino chinoongorora maitiro anonakidza ekugadzira centrifugation uye chinoburitsa maorganelle anogona kupatsanurwa zvinobudirira uchishandisa nzira iyi.

1. Kunzwisisa Centrifugation:

Kupinza zvinhu mu centrifugation inzira inoshandisa simba rekumhanyisa zvinhu mu centrifugation kuparadzanisa zvikamu zvemusanganiswa zvichienderana nekuwanda kwazvo. Nekuisa musanganiswa wacho pakutenderera nekukurumidza mukati me centrifuge, zvikamu zvinorema zvinofamba zvichienda pasi, zvichigadzira pellet, nepo zvikamu zvakareruka zvichiramba zviri mu supernatant. Kupatsanurwa uku kunogonesa masayendisiti kuparadzanisa nekudzidza zvikamu zvega zvega zvinofarirwa.

2. Simba reKusiyanisa Kudzora Kupinza:

Kuparadzanisa ma "differential centrifugation" inzira yakajairika inoshandiswa kupatsanura ma "organelles" zvichienderana ne "sedimentation rates" adzo. Nekushandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutenderera nekukurumidza uye nekukurumidza, nzira iyi inobvumira kupatsanura ma "organelles" akasiyana-siyana zvakatevedzana, zvichienderana nehuwandu hwawo. Nenzira iyi, musanganiswa wakaoma unogona kupatsanurwa kuita zvikamu zvakasiyana, chimwe nechimwe chichiwedzera ne "organelles" dzacho.

2.1 Nuclei neMitochondria muFirst Spin:

Kutanga kutenderera nekumhanya kwakaderera kunoshandiswa kuparadzanisa ma organelles makuru akadai se nuclei ne mitochondria. Ma organelles aya ane densities dzakanyanya uye anokwanisa kudonha nekumhanya kunonoka. Mushure mekutenderera kwekutanga, supernatant inoumbwa ne cytoplasmic fraction, nepo pellet ine nuclei ne mitochondria.

2.2 Endoplasmic Reticulum neGolgi Apparatus muSecond Spin:

Supernatant inowanikwa mushure mekutenderera kwekutanga, ine cytoplasmic fraction, inogona kutenderera nekukurumidza kuti ibudise endoplasmic reticulum (ER) uye Golgi apparatus. Aya ma organelles, anotarisira kugadzirwa kweprotein, kurongwa, uye kutakurwa, ane huwandu hwepakati. Saka, akaparadzaniswa muchikamu chechipiri ichi che centrifugation.

3. Kuparadzanisa Lysosomes nePeroxisomes:

Lysosomes neperoxisomes, zvakakosha pakuparadza macromolecules uye kubvisa tsvina muzvinhu zvinokuvadza, zvichiteerana, inhengo mbiri dzinokosha dzinoda nzira dzakatarwa dzekuparadzanisa.

3.1 Kudzora Kuwanda Kwemagiraidhi eLysosomes:

Kuti lysosomes dziparadzaniswe, kushandiswa kwe density gradient centrifugation kunowanzo shandiswa. Nzira iyi inosanganisira kugadzira gradient yekuwedzera kwe densities, dense solution iri pasi uye rerure kumusoro. Kana musanganiswa une lysosomes waiswa centrifuge, ma organelle aya anoenda kunzvimbo yawo chaiyo ye density mukati me gradient, zvichiita kuti aparadzane nezvimwe zvikamu.

3.2 Kudzora ma "Ultracentrifugation" ePeroxisomes:

Nekuda kwekufanana kwehuwandu pakati pe peroxisomes nedzimwe organelles, dzimwe nzira dzinodiwa kuti dziparadzaniswe. Ultracentrifugation, uchishandisa kumhanya kwakanyanya, inogona kushandiswa kuparadzanisa peroxisomes kubva kune zvimwe zvese zviri mumusanganiswa. Nekushandisa mutsauko mudiki wehuwandu, peroxisomes dzinogona kunyudzwa nenzira yakasarudzwa, zvichiita kuti dzikwanise kudzidza nekuongorora.

4. Maonero Eramangwana uye Kufambira Mberi:

Sezvo tekinoroji ichifambira mberi, kufambira mberi kutsva muhunyanzvi hwe centrifugation kunoramba kuchivandudza kunzwisisa kwedu ma organelles nemabasa awo. Kufambira mberi kwazvino uno uchishandisa isopycnic density gradient centrifugation uye kushandiswa kwe nanotechnology kwakabatsira zvikuru mukunyatsorongeka uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekupatsanurwa kwema organelles, zvichiita kuti zvive zvishandiso zvine simba zvekutsvaga biology yemasero.

Mhedziso:

Kubatanidza masero kunoita basa guru mukunzwisisa magadzirirwo akaomarara emasero nekubvumira kupatsanurwa kwema organelles. Kubva ku nuclei kusvika ku mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum kusvika ku golgi apparatus, lysosomes kusvika ku peroxisomes, imwe neimwe yema organelles aya ine mabasa akasiyana uye nzira dzakasiyana. Maitiro ekubatanidza masero, pamwe chete nenzira itsva, anogonesa masayendisiti kuongorora zvakadzama munyika yakaoma yemasero, vachivhura zvakavanzika zvakavanzwa mukati mema organelles avo.