yintoni isiseko sokwahlula imixube kusetyenziswa i-centrifuge
Ukusasazwa kweMixube: Ukutyhila iSayensi engasemva koMxube owaHlukileyo
Intshayelelo:
Imixube ifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, ukususela kwizinto esidibana nazo ukuya kwizinto esizisebenzisayo. Kwimizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo, ukwahlulwahlulwa nokucocwa kwale mixube kubalulekile ekuvelisweni kweemveliso ezisemgangathweni ophezulu. Enye indlela esebenzayo esetyenziswayo kule njongo yi-centrifugation. Eli nqaku liza kujonga imigaqo kunye neendlela ze-centrifugation, liphonononge indlela esetyenziswa ngayo ukwahlula imixube kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.
Isayensi Ebangela iCentrifugation
I-Centrifugation, ngendlela yayo elula, ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwesikhongozeli esijikelezayo ngokukhawuleza ukwahlula izinto ezinobunzima obahlukeneyo. Amandla e-centrifugal aveliswa ngexesha lokujikeleza abangela ukuba izinto ezixineneyo zifudukele ngaphandle, zizehlukanise nezinto ezikhaphukhaphu. Lo mgaqo usisiseko usetyenziswa ukufezekisa ukwahlukana kumashishini ahlukeneyo, ukusuka kumayeza ukuya kunyango lwamanzi amdaka.
Iintlobo kunye neenxalenye zeCentrifuges
IiCentrifuge ziza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zoyilo, nganye ilungiselelwe iimfuno ezithile. Iindidi ezintathu eziphambili zezi - ezikhawulezayo, ezikhawulezayo, kunye nezinamandla kakhulu. IiCentrifuge ezikhawulezayo zisebenza ngesantya esifikelela kwi-6,000 revolutions ngomzuzu (rpm) kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiilabhoratri zeklinikhi kwizicelo zesiqhelo. IiCentrifuge ezikhawulezayo, kwelinye icala, zinokufikelela kwisantya esifikelela kwi-20,000 rpm kwaye zisetyenziswa kwiilabhoratri zophando kwiinkqubo zokwahlula ezintsonkothileyo. IiUltracentrifuge zezona zinamandla kakhulu, zifikelela kwisantya esimangalisayo esingaphezulu kwe-100,000 rpm, zivumela ukwahlulwa kwezona ncam zibalaseleyo.
Nokuba loluphi na uhlobo, ii-centrifuge zihlala ziqulathe izinto ezintathu ezibalulekileyo: i-rotor, i-motor, kunye nenkqubo yolawulo. I-rotor ibamba iityhubhu zesampulu kwaye ijikeleza ngesantya esiphezulu, ivelisa amandla e-centrifugal. I-motor iyakhawulezisa kwaye inciphise i-rotor, ngelixa inkqubo yolawulo ivumela uhlengahlengiso kwixesha, isantya, kunye noseto lwamaqondo obushushu.
I-Centrifugation kuPhando lwezoNyango
Kuphando lwezonyango, i-centrifugation idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwahlukaniseni iinxalenye zegazi kunye nokuqokelela ii-biomolecules ezixabisekileyo. Enye indlela ebalaseleyo yokusetyenziswa kukukhupha i-plasma okanye i-serum egazini liphela. Emva kokuba iqokelelwe, igazi lifakwa kwi-centrifuge kwaye lijikelezwe ngesantya esithile kunye nexesha elithile. Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezixineneyo zihlala ezantsi, ngelixa i-plasma engaxineneyo iqokelelana ngaphezulu. Olu hluko luvumela izazinzulu ukuba zihlalutye iinxalenye ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngeeproteni, ii-enzymes, iihomoni, kunye nezinto zemfuza, zinceda ekuxilongeni, ekuphuhlisweni kwamayeza, nakuphando lwezifo.
Izicelo zeShishini
I-Centrifuge ifumana indawo yayo kumacandelo aliqela emizi-mveliso, ihlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zelinye nelinye. Kwishishini lokutya, ii-centrifuge zisetyenziselwa ukwahlula izinto eziqinileyo kwizinto ezimanzi, kunye nokucoca iijusi, iioyile kunye newayini. Ngokwahlula izinto ezingafunekiyo, ezi centrifuge ziphucula umgangatho kunye nobunyulu beemveliso.
Ngaphezu koko, amaziko okucoca amanzi amdaka asebenzisa ii-centrifuge ukwahlula izigaba eziqinileyo nezilulwelo ngexesha leenkqubo zokucacisa. Ii-centrifuge zisusa ngokufanelekileyo izinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo, udaka, kunye nokungcola, ukuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi akhuselekile ukuba asetyenziswe kwakhona okanye akhutshwe. Ngokufanayo, i-centrifuge isetyenziswa kwishishini lemigodi ngeenjongo zokukhupha amanzi, ukubuyisa izimbiwa ezixabisekileyo ngempumelelo.
Ukulungiswa kunye nokugcinwa kweeCentrifuges
Ukuqinisekisa iziphumo ezichanekileyo nezihambelanayo, ukulungiselela ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo kwee-centrifuge kubalulekile. Okokuqala, i-rotor kufuneka ilinganiswe, kunye neetyhubhu zesampulu zilungelelaniswe ngokulinganayo. Ukungalingani kunokukhokelela ekungcangcazeleni, kwingxolo, kwanokonakala kwe-centrifuge. Ngaphezu koko, ukulinganiswa rhoqo kunye nokucocwa kwee-rotors, izivalo, kunye negumbi kuyimfuneko ukugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthintela ungcoliseko.
Isiphelo:
I-Centrifugation isebenza njengeyona ndlela iphambili yokwahlulahlula imixube kumashishini amaninzi. Ngokusebenzisa imigaqo yamandla e-centrifugal, izinto ezinobunzima obahlukeneyo zinokuhlulwa ngokufanelekileyo, zivule amandla azo okwenyani. Ukusuka kuphando lwezonyango ukuya kwizicelo zoshishino, ukuguquguquka kwe-centrifugation kwenza kube sisixhobo esixabisekileyo sokufezekisa iimveliso ezisemgangathweni ophezulu nezicocekileyo. Ngokuqonda ngokufanelekileyo isayensi engasemva kwale ndlela kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo, izazinzulu kunye namashishini banokuqhubeka nokuhambisa imida yesayensi yokwahlulahlula kunye nokuqhuba ubuchule.
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