Imveliso yobungcali yokwahlulahlula i-centrifuge kunye nomenzi woomatshini bamayeza - iZonelink

i-centrifuge iyahlula njani imixube

2023-07-26

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IiCentrifuges: Ukutyhila iimfihlo zokwahlulwa komxube

Intshayelelo:

IiCentrifuge zizixhobo ezinamandla ezisetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zesayensi nezoshishino ukwahlula imixube enzima ibe ziinxalenye zayo. Ezi zixhobo zimangalisayo zisebenzisa imigaqo yamandla ecentrifugal ukufezekisa ukwahlukana okuchanekileyo, zinika abaphandi kunye neengcali ulwazi oluxabisekileyo malunga nezixhobo ezininzi. Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlola indlela iicentrifuge ezihlula ngayo imixube, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, kunye neendlela ezisisiseko ezenza isebenze kangaka.

I. Ukuqonda Amandla Aphakathi:

Ukuze siqonde indlela esebenza ngayo i-centrifuges, kufuneka siqale sijonge ingcamango yamandla e-centrifugal. Xa into ijikeleza i-axis ephakathi, njenge-spinning top okanye i-merry-go-round, ifumana amandla atsalayo angaphandle aziwa ngokuba yi-centrifugal force. La mandla adla ngokutyhala izinto kude nombindi wokujikeleza.

II. Ukusebenzisa Amandla E-Centrifugal Ukwahlula:

IiCentrifuge zisebenzisa la mandla e-centrifugal ukwahlula imixube ngokusekelwe kubuninzi obahlukeneyo beenxalenye zayo. Ngokujikeleza ngesantya esiphezulu, i-centrifuge idala intsimi ye-centrifugal evelisa amandla angaphandle anamandla. La mandla abangela ukuba amasuntswana axineneyo okanye izinto ezikumxube zihambe ziye kwimiphetho engaphandle, ngelixa izinto ezikhaphukhaphu zihlala zikufutshane nombindi.

III. I-Centrifugation ye-Density Gradient:

I-centrifugation ye-density gradient yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu ukwahlula imixube enzima equlethe amasuntswana okanye izinto ezinobunzima obahlukeneyo. Kule ndlela, i-density gradient yenziwa ngaphakathi kwityhubhu ye-centrifuge. Ngokubeka ngononophelo izisombululo zobunzima obahlukeneyo, kwakheka i-gradient, apho ubuninzi obuphezulu bubekwe ezantsi kwaye obona buphantsi bubekwe phezulu.

IV. Ukutshisa kunye nokucola:

Njengoko umxube ungeniswa kwityhubhu ye-centrifuge kwaye ujikeleziswa ngesantya esiphezulu, amasuntswana okanye izinto ziyahamba nge-density gradient. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, izinto ezixineneyo ziya kunyibilika kwaye zenze ibhendi ebonakalayo okanye i-pellet ezantsi kwityhubhu. Izinto ezixineneyo ziya kuhlala zixhonywe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ecaleni kwe-density gradient.

V. Iindlela zokufaka i-Centrifugation kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa:

I-Centrifugation isetyenziswa kumacandelo amaninzi, kuquka ibhayoloji, ikhemistri, ukhathalelo lwempilo, nokunye. Makhe sihlolisise iindlela ezimbalwa eziphambili kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo.

A. Ukwahlulahlula iCentrifugation:

I-differential centrifugation yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-biology nakwi-biochemistry. Ibandakanya uthotho lwamanyathelo e-centrifugation ngesantya esahlukileyo kunye nobude bokwahlukana kwee-particles ngokulandelelana ngokusekelwe kubukhulu kunye noxinano lwazo. Le ndlela ivumela ukwahlulwa kwee-organelles zeseli, ezifana ne-mitochondria okanye i-lysosomes, kwi-complex mixes ezifana ne-tissue homogenates.

B. I-Isopycnic Centrifugation:

I-Isopycnic centrifugation, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-density gradient centrifugation ngaphandle kwenyathelo lokuxinanisa, isetyenziswa ekwahlukaniseni i-DNA, i-RNA, iintsholongwane, kunye nee-subcellular particles. Le ndlela yenza kube lula ukwahlulwa kwee-nucleic acids ezithile okanye ii-viral particles ngokusekelwe kuxinano lwazo oluhambayo, oko kukuthi, uxinano lwazo xa luthelekiswa nolwendawo ejikelezileyo.

C. Ukulungiselela i-Ultracentrifugation:

I-preparative ultracentrifugation yindlela enamandla esetyenziswa ekucoceni nasekuhlukaniseni inani elikhulu lee-macromolecules zebhayoloji, ezifana neeproteni kunye nee-nucleic acids. Ngokubeka umxube kwisantya esiphezulu sokujikeleza, ukwahlukana kufezekiswa ngokusekelwe kumahluko kubunzima beemolekyuli. Le ndlela idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufundeni nasekuqondeni ulwakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi wee-biomolecules.

D. Isantya sokungcoliswa kwenkunkuma:

I-sedimentation velocity centrifugation isetyenziselwa ukuhlalutya ukusasazwa kobungakanani kunye nobunzima beemolekyuli zeemacromolecules kwisampulu. Ngokuhlalutya isantya sedimentation see-particles eziphantsi kwamandla e-ultracentrifugal, abaphandi banokufumana ulwazi olubalulekileyo ngobukhulu, imilo, kunye neempawu zokusasazwa kwezixhobo eziyinxalenye.

E. Uhlalutyo lwe-Ultracentrifugation:

I-analytical ultracentrifugation inika ubuchule obunamandla bokufunda ukusebenzisana kwe-macromolecular, ukuchaza i-binding affinities, kunye nokumisela i-stoichiometry yemixube eyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokuhlalutya iipropati ze-sedimentation kunye ne-diffusion zamasuntswana phantsi kwamandla e-ultracentrifugal, abaphandi banokutyhila ubunzima bokusebenzisana kwe-molecular.

Isiphelo:

IiCentrifuge zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo kuphando lwesayensi nakushishino, ezivumela ukwahlula ngokuchanekileyo imixube enzima. Ngokusebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal kunye nokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo, zenza kube lula ukwahlulwa kunye nohlalutyo lwezinto ezahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kuxinano lwazo, ubungakanani, kunye noxinano oluhambayo. Ngezicelo zazo ezibanzi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, iiCentrifuge ziyaqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukuqonda kwethu ihlabathi lendalo kunye nokuphucula iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zobuchwepheshe.