he aha ke ʻano o nā hui ʻana e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka centrifugation
1. Hoʻolauna i ka Centrifugation a me kāna mau noi
2. Ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā hui like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Centrifugation
3. Nā ʻenehana Centrifugation no nā hui like ʻole
4. Centrifugation ma nā wahi ʻoihana: Mai nā lāʻau lapaʻau a hiki i ka hana ʻana i ka meaʻai
5. Nā Holomua i ka ʻenehana Centrifugation
Hoʻolauna i ka Centrifugation a me kāna mau noi
He ʻano hana i hoʻohana nui ʻia ka centrifugation ma ke kahua o ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻoihana no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o nā hui ʻana ma muli o ko lākou mau mānoanoa. Ma ka hoʻohuli wikiwiki ʻana i kahi laʻana ma nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, hoʻohana ka centrifugation i nā kumumanaʻo o ke koʻikoʻi a me ka ikaika centripetal e hoʻokaʻawale i nā hui ʻana i nā ʻāpana like ʻole. Mai ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā laʻana olaola a hiki i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā huahana ʻoihana like ʻole, ua hōʻoia ʻia ka centrifugation he mea hana koʻikoʻi ma nā kahua he nui.
Ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā hui like ʻole me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Centrifugation
ʻO nā hui like, kahi i hoʻolaha like ʻia ai nā ʻāpana, pono nā ʻano hana centrifugation kikoʻī no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana. ʻO kahi ʻano hana i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia, ʻo ia ka centrifugation ʻokoʻa, kahi e hoʻohana ai i nā ʻanuʻu centrifugation he nui i nā wikiwiki like ʻole e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana ma muli o ko lākou nui a me ka nui. Ma ka hoʻonui mālie ʻana i ka wikiwiki, e waiho mua nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, e waiho ana i nā ʻāpana nui ma luna. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano hana i ka noiʻi biochemical e hoʻokaʻawale i nā organelles mai nā cell a i ʻole e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana cellular.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hoʻokaʻawale ka centrifugation density gradient i nā ʻāpana ma muli o ko lākou mau densities buoyant. Ma ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi gradient concentration me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi hopena denser (e like me ka sucrose) ma lalo o nā ʻāpana māmā, ua kau ʻia ka laʻana ma luna ona. Ke centrifuged ʻia, neʻe nā ʻāpana ma o ka gradient a hiki i ka hiki ʻana i ke kaulike ma kahi i hoʻoholo ʻia e ko lākou density. ʻAe kēia ʻenehana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā waikawa nucleic, nā protein, a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe i loaʻa i nā laʻana olaola.
Nā ʻenehana Centrifugation no nā hui like ʻole
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hui like ʻole, nona nā ʻāpana like ʻole i ʻike maka ʻia, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana centrifugation ʻokoʻa. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka centrifugation sedimentation no ia mau hui ʻana. E like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, pili kēia ʻano hana i ka sedimenting particles ma muli o ko lākou density. Noho nā ʻāpana kaumaha ma lalo o ka ʻōmole centrifuge ʻoiai e noho ana nā ʻāpana māmā i loko o ka supernatant.
I kekahi mau hihia, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hui like ʻole me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kaʻina hana i kapa ʻia ʻo filtration centrifugation a i ʻole screen centrifugation. Hoʻohana kēia ʻenehana i kahi kānana waena, e like me ka sieve, e mālama i nā ʻāpana nui aʻe ʻoiai e ʻae ana i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi e hele. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻokoʻa o nā nui o nā ʻāpana, hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi ka filtration centrifugation i nā ʻāpana ma muli o ko lākou nui. Ua loaʻa i kēia ʻano hana nā noi i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai hoʻoneoneo, ka hana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a me nā ʻoihana like ʻole.
Centrifugation ma nā wahi ʻoihana: Mai nā lāʻau lapaʻau a hiki i ka hana ʻana i ka meaʻai
He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko ka centrifugation ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole, me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, biotechnology, a me ka hana ʻana i ka meaʻai. Ma ka ʻāpana lāʻau lapaʻau, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka centrifugation i ka ʻike ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ka hana ʻana i nā lāʻau pale, a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mea hana. Kōkua ia i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā hui a wehe i nā haumia, e hōʻoia ana i ka hana ʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau palekana a maikaʻi.
Ma ke kahua biotechnology, he mea koʻikoʻi ka centrifugation i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka DNA, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka protein, a me nā noi moʻomeheu cell. Ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā ʻāpana cellular like ʻole, hiki i ka centrifugation ke ʻae i nā mea noiʻi e aʻo a kālailai i nā biomolecules kikoʻī, e kōkua ana i nā wahi e like me ka noiʻi genetic a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
I ka ʻoihana hana meaʻai, hoʻohana ʻia ka centrifugation no ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana, a me ka hoʻohuihui ʻana o nā wai. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka hana ʻana i nā wai huaʻai, nā aila ʻai, nā huahana waiū, a me nā mea inu ʻona. Kōkua nā Centrifuges i ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻāpana i makemake ʻole ʻia, hoʻokaʻawale i nā wai mai nā mea paʻa, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi holoʻokoʻa o ka huahana hope loa.
Nā Holomua i ka ʻenehana Centrifugation
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua holomua nui ka ʻenehana centrifugation, e alakaʻi ana i nā hopena hoʻokaʻawale ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka pololei. ʻO ka hoʻolauna ʻana o nā centrifuges wikiwiki a kiʻekiʻe ka mana ua hoʻololi i ke kahua, e hiki ai i nā mea noiʻi ke hana i nā nui o nā laʻana i nā wā pōkole.
Eia kekahi, ua alakaʻi ka holomua i ka hoʻolālā centrifuge i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻōnaehana kūikawā no nā noi kikoʻī. No ka laʻana, ua hoʻolālā ʻia nā microcentrifuges no nā nui laʻana liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai hiki i nā ultracentrifuges ke hiki i nā wikiwiki ultrahigh, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā ʻāpana subcellular a me nā macromolecules.
Ua pōmaikaʻi pū ka Centrifugation mai nā holomua i nā ʻōnaehana automation a me nā kaohi, e ʻae ana i ka pololei a me ka hana hou ʻana. Ua lako nā centrifuges hou me nā interface maʻalahi e hoʻohana, nā hoʻonohonoho programmable, a me nā hiʻohiʻona palekana, e hiki ai iā lākou ke komo i nā mea hoʻohana like ʻole ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole.
I ka hopena, he ʻenehana loea ka centrifugation no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā hui ʻana ma muli o ko lākou mau mānoanoa. Mai ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā hui homogeneous me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka differential a me ka density gradient centrifugation a hiki i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā hui heterogeneous me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka sedimentation a me ka filtration centrifugation, ua loaʻa i kēia ʻenehana nā noi ākea ma nā ʻoihana ʻepekema a me nā ʻoihana. Me nā holomua hou aʻe i ka hoʻolālā a me ka ʻenehana centrifuge, aia ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka centrifugation i ka hiki ke hoʻonui i nā hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka huahana.
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