loluphi uhlobo lwemixube enokwahlulwa yi-centrifugation
1. Intshayelelo kwiCentrifugation kunye nezicelo zayo
2. Ukwahlula imixube efanayo kusetyenziswa i-Centrifugation
3. Iindlela zokuHlanganisa iiMixube ezingafaniyo
4. Ukucoca iiseli kwiindawo zoshishino: Ukusuka kwiMithi ukuya kwiNkqubo yokutya
5. Uphuhliso kwiTekhnoloji yeCentrifugation
Intshayelelo kwiCentrifugation kunye nezicelo zayo
I-Centrifugation yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo lesayensi nakwimizi-mveliso yokwahlula izinto ezahlukeneyo zomxube ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bazo. Ngokujikelezisa ngokukhawuleza isampuli ngesantya esiphezulu, i-centrifugation isebenzisa imigaqo yomxhuzulane kunye namandla e-centripetal ukwahlula imixube ibe ngamaqhezu ahlukeneyo. Ukususela ekucoceni iisampuli zebhayoloji ukuya ekuhlukaniseni iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zoshishino, i-centrifugation ibonakalise ukuba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezininzi.
Ukwahlula imixube efanayo kusetyenziswa i-Centrifugation
Imixube efanayo, apho izinto zisasazwa ngokulinganayo, ifuna iindlela ezithile zokwahlulahlula. Enye indlela esetyenziswa kakhulu yi-differential centrifugation, esebenzisa amanyathelo amaninzi okwahlulahlula iinxalenye ngesantya esahlukileyo ukuze kwahlulwe ubukhulu bazo kunye noxinano. Ngokwandisa isantya kancinci kancinci, iinxalenye ezincinci ziqala ngokulahla intsalela, zishiye iinxalenye ezinkulu phezulu. Le ndlela idla ngokusetyenziswa kuphando lwe-biochemical ukwahlula ii-organelles kwiiseli okanye kwiinxalenye zeeseli ezahlulweyo.
Kwelinye icala, i-centrifugation ye-density gradient yahlula amasuntswana ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bawo obuthambileyo. Ngokwenza i-concentration gradient isebenzisa isisombululo esixineneyo (njenge-sucrose) phantsi kwamasuntswana alula, isampuli ibekwa phezu kwayo. Xa i-centrifuged, amasuntswana ahamba nge-gradient ade afikelele kwi-equilibrium kwindawo echazwe yi-density yawo. Le ndlela ivumela ukwahlukana kwe-nucleic acids, iiproteni, kunye nezinye izinto ezikhoyo kwiisampulu zebhayoloji.
Iindlela zokuHlanganisa iiMixube ezingafaniyo
Imixube eyahlukeneyo, equlathe izinto ezahlukeneyo ezibonakalayo, inokwahlulwa kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokucoca. I-sedimentation centrifugation isetyenziswa rhoqo kwimixube enjalo. Njengoko igama lisitsho, le ndlela ibandakanya ukunyibilikisa amasuntswana ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bawo. Amasuntswana anzima ahlala ezantsi kwetyhubhu ye-centrifuge ngelixa izinto ezikhaphukhaphu zihlala kwi-supernatant.
Kwezinye iimeko, imixube eyahlukeneyo inokwahlulwa kusetyenziswa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-filtration centrifugation okanye i-screen centrifugation. Le ndlela isebenzisa i-filter medium, efana nesihluzo, ukugcina amasuntswana amakhulu ngelixa ivumela amasuntswana amancinci ukuba adlule. Ngokusebenzisa umahluko kubukhulu bamasuntswana, i-filtration centrifugation yahlula ngempumelelo izinto ngokusekelwe kubukhulu bazo. Le ndlela ifumene ukusetyenziswa kunyango lwamanzi amdaka, kwimveliso yamayeza, nakwamanye amashishini ahlukeneyo.
Ukucoca iiseli kwiindawo zoshishino: Ukusuka kwiMithi ukuya kwiNkqubo yokutya
Ukucoca nge-centrifugation kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kuquka amayeza, i-biotechnology, kunye nokulungiswa kokutya. Kwicandelo leyeza, ukucoca nge-centrifugation kudla ngokusetyenziswa ekufumaneni amayeza, ukuvelisa amachiza, kunye nokwahlulahlula izithako ezisebenzayo. Kunceda ekucoceni iikhompawundi nasekususeni ukungcola, ukuqinisekisa ukuveliswa kwamayeza akhuselekileyo nasebenzayo.
Kwicandelo le-biotechnology, i-centrifugation ibalulekile kulandelelwano lwe-DNA, ukucocwa kweproteni, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwenkcubeko yeeseli. Ngokwahlulahlula iinxalenye ezahlukeneyo zeeseli, i-centrifugation ivumela abaphandi ukuba bafunde kwaye bahlalutye ii-biomolecules ezithile, ukunceda kwiindawo ezifana nophando lwemfuza kunye nophuhliso lwamayeza.
Kwishishini lokulungisa ukutya, i-centrifugation isetyenziselwa ukucacisa, ukucoca, kunye nokugxila kolwelo. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekuveliseni iijusi zeziqhamo, iioyile ezityiwayo, iimveliso zobisi, kunye neziselo ezinxilisayo. I-centrifuges inceda ukususa amasuntswana angafunekiyo, yahlukanise ulwelo kwizinto eziqinileyo, kwaye iphucula umgangatho uphela wemveliso yokugqibela.
Uphuhliso kwiTekhnoloji yeCentrifugation
Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, iteknoloji ye-centrifugation iye yaphucuka kakhulu, nto leyo ekhokelele kwiziphumo zokwahlulahlula ezisebenzayo nezichanekileyo. Ukuqaliswa kwe-centrifuges ezikhawulezayo nezinamandla aphezulu kuye kwaguqula eli candelo, okuvumela abaphandi ukuba basebenze iisampuli ezininzi ngexesha elifutshane.
Ukongeza, ukuqhubela phambili kuyilo lwe-centrifuge kukhokelele ekuphuhlisweni kweenkqubo ezikhethekileyo zezicelo ezithile. Umzekelo, ii-microcentrifuges zenzelwe ubungakanani obuncinci besampulu, ngelixa ii-ultracentrifuges zikwazi ukufikelela kwisantya esiphezulu kakhulu, ziququzelela ukwahlukana kwezinto ezingaphantsi kweseli kunye nee-macromolecules.
Ukufakwa kwe-centrifuge kukwazuze kwinkqubela phambili kwiinkqubo zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nolawulo, okuvumela ukuchaneka okuphuculweyo kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe. Ii-centrifuge zanamhlanje zixhotyiswe nge-interfaces ezisebenziseka lula, useto olucwangciswayo, kunye neempawu zokhuseleko, ezenza ukuba zifikeleleke kubasebenzisi abaninzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo.
Ukuqukumbela, i-centrifugation yindlela eguquguqukayo yokwahlula imixube ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bayo. Ukususela ekuhlukaniseni imixube efanayo kusetyenziswa i-differential kunye ne-density gradient centrifugation ukuya ekuhlukaniseni imixube eyahlukeneyo kusetyenziswa i-sedimentation kunye ne-filtration centrifugation, le ndlela ifumene ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo zesayensi kunye nezoshishino. Ngokuhambela phambili ngakumbi kuyilo lwe-centrifuge kunye netekhnoloji, ikamva le-centrifugation linamandla amakhulu okuphucula amandla okwahlula kunye nokuphucula imveliso.
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