Kuyini ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Centrifuge? - Umkhiqizi we-Centrifuge | ZONELINK

Indlela i-centrifuge esebenza ngayo

I-centrifuge umshini osebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal ukuhlukanisa izingxenye ezivela kuzinhlayiya eziwuketshezi neziqinile noma ingxube yoketshezi noketshezi. Ama-centrifuge asetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlukanisa izinhlayiya eziqinile koketshezi oluxutshwe; noma ukuhlukanisa uketshezi olubili olungaxutshwe olunezinhlayiya ezahlukene kuma-emulsion (njengokuhlukanisa ukhilimu nobisi); lungasetshenziswa futhi ukususa uketshezi ezintweni ezimanzi, njengokomisa izingubo ezimanzi ngomshini wokuwasha; abahlukanisi beshubhu ekhethekile ye-ultra-speed bangahlukanisa futhi izingxube zegesi ezinobukhulu obuhlukene; besebenzisa izici zobukhulu obuhlukene noma ubukhulu bezinhlayiya zezinhlayiya eziqinile koketshezi olunejubane elihlukile lokuthungwa, okunye ukuthungwa kwama-sedimentation Ama-Centrifuge angahlukanisa nezinhlayiya eziqinile ngobuningi noma usayizi wezinhlayiya.

Uma ukumiswa okuqukethe izinhlayiya ezincane kuma, izinhlayiya ezilengisiwe ziyacwila kancane kancane ngenxa yesenzo sensimu yamandla adonsela phansi. Uma izinhlayiya zisinda, ziyacwila ngokushesha, kanti izinhlayiya ezinobukhulu obuncane kunoketshezi zizontanta phezulu. Isivinini lapho izinhlayiya zihamba khona ensimini yamandla adonsela phansi sihlobene nosayizi, ukuma, kanye nobukhulu bezinhlayiya, kanye namandla ensimu yamandla adonsela phansi kanye nokuqina koketshezi. Izinhlayiya ezinobukhulu bamaseli abomvu egazi, ezinobubanzi obungama-micrometer amaningana, zingabonakala zizinzile ngaphansi kwamandla adonsela phansi ajwayelekile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho into ihlala endaweni ephakathi, ihambisana nesimo sokusabalala. Ukusabalala akunamibandela futhi akunamibandela. Ukusabalala kuhambisana nobunzima bento, futhi uma izinhlayiya zincane, kulapho ukusabalala kuba kubi kakhulu. Ukusabalala kuhlobene futhi kunemibandela, futhi kudinga ukuthi kufakwe amandla angaphandle ukuze kushukume. Ukusabalala kuhambisana nesisindo sento, lapho inhlayiya inkulu, kulapho ukusabalala kuba ngokushesha khona. Ezinhlayiyeni ezincane kune-microns ezimbalwa, njengegciwane noma amaprotheni, zisesimweni se-colloidal noma semi-colloidal esixazululweni, futhi akunakwenzeka ukubona inqubo yokusabalala kuphela ngamandla adonsela phansi. Ngoba lapho izinhlayiya zincane, ukusabalala kuba kancane, futhi lapho ukusabalala kuba kubi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa i-centrifuge ukukhiqiza amandla aqinile e-centrifugal ukuphoqa lezi zinhlayiya ukuthi zinqobe ukusabalala futhi zikhiqize ukunyakaza kokusabalala.

I-Centrifugation iwukusebenzisa amandla aqinile e-centrifugal akhiqizwa ukujikeleza kwesivinini esikhulu se-centrifuge rotor ukusheshisa isivinini se-sedimentation sezinhlayiya kuketshezi, futhi kuhlukaniswe izinto ezine-sedimentation coefficients ehlukene kanye nobuningi be-buoyancy kusampula.

Ukuguqulwa phakathi kwamandla e-centrifugal (g) kanye nesivinini sokujikeleza (rpm)

Ifomula yokuguqulwa phakathi kwamandla e-centrifugal G kanye ne-RPM yesivinini esijikelezayo yilena elandelayo:

G=1.11×10^(-5)×R×(rpm)^2

Phakathi kwazo, u-G ungamandla e-centrifugal, ngokuvamile achazwa njenge-multiple of g (ukusheshisa amandla adonsela phansi).

I-10^(-5) ingamandla esihlanu angemahle ka-10, isikwele sejubane lokujikeleza (rpm)^2, i-R iyirediyasi, kanti iyunithi ingamasentimitha.

Isibonelo, ngerediyasi ye-centrifugal engu-10 cm kanye nesivinini sokujikeleza esingu-8000 RPM, amandla e-centrifugal alandelayo:

G=1.11*10(-5)*10*(8000)2=7104

Okusho ukuthi, amandla e-centrifugal angama-7104g.

Futhi uma amandla e-centrifugal engu-8000g, isivinini sawo kufanele sibe: 8489 cishe singama-8500rpm

Ukuhlukaniswa okuyinhloko

Ukugoqa 1. Ngokusho kwesici sokuhlukanisa inani lika-Fr

Ama-centrifuge angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezilandelayo:

1. I-centrifuge yesivinini esijwayelekile

Fr≤3500 (ngokuvamile 600~1200), lolu hlobo lwe-centrifuge lunesivinini esiphansi kanye nobubanzi obukhulu.

2. I-centrifuge yesivinini esikhulu

Fr=3500~50000, ijubane lokujikeleza lale centrifuge liphezulu, ububanzi besigubhu ngokuvamile buncane, kanti ubude bude.

3. I-Ultracentrifuge

Fr>50000, ngenxa yesivinini esiphezulu (ngaphezu kuka-50000r/min), isigubhu senziwe saba uhlobo oluyindilinga oluncane.

Isici sokuhlukanisa u-Fr sibhekisela esilinganisweni samandla e-centrifugal ezinto ezisensimini yamandla e-centrifugal kuya ekudonselekeni kwezinto ezisensimini yamandla adonsela phansi.

Ukugoqa okubili, ngokuya ngemodi yokusebenza

Ama-centrifuge angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezilandelayo:

1. I-Gap centrifuge

Izinqubo zayo zokudla, zokuhlukanisa, zokugeza kanye nezokukhipha i-slag ziyimisebenzi yesikhala, futhi izindlela ezenziwe ngesandla, zamandla adonsela phansi noma zemishini zisetshenziselwa ukukhipha i-slag, njenge-centrifuges enemilenze emithathu kanye ne-top-suspension.

2. I-centrifuge eqhubekayo

Izinqubo zokudla, ukuhlukanisa, ukugeza kanye nokukhipha i-slag zingenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo endaweni evulekile noma enqubweni eqhubekayo.

3. I-centrifuge ye-Geotechnical

Ukugoqa 3. Ngokwendlela yokukhipha i-slag

Ama-centrifuge angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezilandelayo:

1. I-centrifuge yokukhipha i-scraper

Inqubo ayiqondile futhi ukusebenza kuyenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo.

2. I-centrifuge ye-piston pusher

Inqubo iyaqhubeka kancane futhi ukusebenza kuyazenzakalela.

3. I-centrifuge yokukhipha okujikelezayo

Inqubo iyaqhubeka futhi ukusebenza kuyazenzakalela.

4. I-centrifuge yokukhipha i-centrifugal

Inqubo iyaqhubeka futhi ukusebenza kuyazenzakalela.

5. I-centrifuge yokukhipha okudlidlizayo

Inqubo iyaqhubeka futhi ukusebenza kuyazenzakalela.

6. I-centrifuge yokukhipha i-tilt

Inqubo iyaqhubeka futhi ukusebenza kuyazenzakalela.

Okwesine, ngokusho kokusetshenziswa kwenqubo

Ama-Centrifuge angahlukaniswa kanje: ama-centrifuge okuhlunga, ama-decanter centrifuge.

Ezinhlanu, ngokwendlela yokufaka

Ingahlukaniswa futhi ibe yinde, ivundlile, ithambekele, ilenga kanye nenemilenze emithathu.

6. Ngokwezindinganiso zikazwelonke kanye nesabelo semakethe

kwezine ezilandelayo

1. i-centrifuge enemilenze emithathu

2. I-Centrifuge Evundlile Ejikelezayo

3. Isihlukanisi Sediski

4. Isihlukanisi se-Tubular

Ungathenga kanjani?

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamamodeli nezinhlobo zama-centrifuge, futhi intengo ibiza kakhulu. Uma uthenga, kufanele ulinganise ngokomsebenzi. Ngokuvamile izici ezilandelayo kufanele zicatshangelwe:

(1) Inhloso yokuhlanganisa i-centrifugation, ukuhlaziya i-centrifugation noma ukulungiselela i-centrifugation;

(2) Uhlobo kanye nenani lesampula, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amaseli, amagciwane, noma amaprotheni, kanye nosayizi wesampula. Ngokusekelwe kulezi zici, isinqumo sokuthenga i-centrifuge yokuhlaziya noma yokulungiselela; i-centrifuge yesivinini esiphansi, yesivinini esikhulu, noma yesivinini esikhulu; i-centrifuge yevolumu ephezulu, yevolumu engaguquki, noma yevolumu encane.

(3) Amandla ezomnotho: Uma imodeli isinqunyiwe, umenzi kanye nentengo kufanele kucatshangelwe. Intengo kanye nokusebenza komkhiqizo kuyavumelaniswa.

(4) Eminye imininingwane: njengokuthi ukusebenza kwe-centrifugal kulula yini, ukuthi ukulungiswa kulula yini, ukuthi umklamo uphelelwe yisikhathi yini, ukuthi ukuhlinzekwa kwezingxenye ezigqokwayo kulula yini, njll.

(5) Inkinga yokufanisa: akunakwenzeka ukuthi i-centrifuge isebenze ngaphansi kwesivinini esiphansi, isivinini esikhulu kanye nesivinini esikhulu ngasikhathi sinye. Ngokuvamile, ama-ultracentrifuge anqunyelwe ku-ultracentrifugation, awafaneleki ku-centrifugation yesivinini esikhulu, noma ku-centrifugation yesivinini esiphansi, kanye nama-centrifuge esivinini esikhulu awafaneleki ku-centrifugation yesivinini esiphansi. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthenga i-ultracentrifuge, kubalulekile ukucabangela i-centrifuge yesivinini esikhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho inzuzo ngeke isetshenziswe. Ngokuvamile, isivinini esiphansi kanye nesivinini esikhulu kusetshenziswa kaningi, kuyilapho izinga lokusetshenziswa kwama-ultracentrifuge liphansi. Ama-ultracentrifuge athengwa kuphela emalabhorethri avame ukusetshenziswa noma acabangele izindawo zomphakathi zesifunda.

Ngemva kokuba imodeli ye-centrifuge isinqunyiwe, kusuke kuwukuthi hlobo luni lwe-centrifugal rotor okufanele uyikhethe. Okubalulekile okufanele ukucabangele amandla esampula kanye nezimo ze-centrifugation. Ngokuvamile, kune-rotor eyodwa evundlile kanye ne-rotor eyodwa ye-angular, noma i-rotor eyodwa enamandla amakhulu (ejubane eliphansi) kanye ne-rotor eyodwa yejubane eliphezulu encane ngayinye ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo ezahlukene emsebenzini. Uma iphelele kakhulu, kungcono. Ngoba kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-centrifugal rotors, eziningi zazo zifana, futhi ama-rotor emishini yejubane elingaphezulu abiza kakhulu. Uma zonke zihambisana, intengo iphakeme kaningana kuneye-centrifuge host, futhi akudingekile. Ngenxa yejubane elihlukile le-rotor, intengo iyahlukahluka kakhulu. Ngokuphathelene nejubane lokujikeleza, akunconywa ukuphishekela phezulu ngangokunokwenzeka, kodwa kufanele kube ne-rotor enejubane lokujikeleza eliphakeme kakhulu elivunyelwe yi-centrifuge, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzoba ukuchitha imali ye-centrifuge. Amayunithi ane-centrifuge amabili angase acabangele amamodeli e-rotor ahambisanayo ukuze onge imali.

Ukuphathwa kwama-centrifuge, ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa kwama-centrifuge eShayina iminyaka eminingi, zonke izinhlobo zama-centrifuge kufanele ziphathwe futhi zigcinwe ngabasebenzi abakhethekile. Ama-centrifuge aphezulu naphezulu adinga ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa njalo. Abasebenzisi kufanele babhale phansi isimo sokuhlola kanye nezimo zokugcinwa ngokuningiliziwe ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okuphephile kwe-centrifuge. Ama-centrifuge anejubane eliphezulu neliphansi kulula ukuwasebenzisa, ngakho-ke ungawasebenzisa wedwa ngemuva kokufunda imiyalelo nokuqeqesha izinqubo zokusebenza zama-centrifuge. I-ultracentrifuge inesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezinqubo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kuvame ukuba nezingozi. Ikakhulukazi, i-rotor ye-centrifugal kufanele igcinwe futhi isetshenziswe ngokucophelela. Uma sibheka ukusetshenziswa nokuphathwa kwasekhaya iminyaka eminingi, ukugcinwa nokusebenza kwethuluzi kuyisiqinisekiso sokuthi ithuluzi lisesimweni esihle. Abaphathi nabaqhubi kufanele baqeqeshwe ukuze bangagcini nje ngokujwayelana nokusebenza, kodwa futhi babe nokuqonda ithuluzi.