Kev Sib Cais Centrifuge yog dab tsi?-Centrifuge chaw tsim khoom | ZONELINK
Yuav ua li cas lub centrifuge ua haujlwm
Lub centrifuge yog lub tshuab uas siv lub zog centrifugal los cais cov khoom ntawm cov kua thiab cov khoom khov lossis cov kua sib xyaw. Cov centrifuges feem ntau yog siv los cais cov khoom khov ntawm cov kua hauv cov dej uas raug ncua; lossis cais ob lub kua uas tsis sib xyaw ntawm cov qhov sib txawv hauv cov emulsions (xws li cais cov mis nyuj tawm ntawm mis); nws kuj tseem siv tau los tshem tawm cov kua hauv cov khoom khov ntub, xws li ziab khaub ncaws ntub nrog lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws; cov raj sib cais tshwj xeeb ultra-speed kuj tseem tuaj yeem cais cov roj sib xyaw ntawm cov qhov sib txawv; siv cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qhov sib txawv lossis qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom khov hauv cov kua nrog cov ceev sib txawv, qee qhov kev sib xyaw Centrifuges kuj tseem tuaj yeem faib cov khoom khov los ntawm qhov ceev lossis qhov loj me.
Thaum cov khoom uas muaj cov khoom me me sawv ntsug, cov khoom uas raug tshem tawm yuav maj mam poob vim yog qhov kev ua ntawm lub zog gravitational. Cov khoom hnyav dua, nws yuav poob sai dua, thaum cov khoom uas muaj qhov ceev tsawg dua li cov kua yuav ntab mus rau saum ntuj. Qhov ceev uas cov khoom txav mus los hauv lub zog gravitational yog cuam tshuam nrog qhov loj me, cov duab, thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom, nrog rau lub zog ntawm lub zog gravitational thiab qhov viscosity ntawm cov kua. Cov khoom me me uas loj li cov qe ntshav liab, nrog rau txoj kab uas hla ntawm ntau micrometers, tuaj yeem pom tias poob rau hauv lub zog gravitational ib txwm muaj.
Ntxiv mus, thaum cov khoom nyob hauv nruab nrab, nws nrog los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib kis. Kev sib kis yog qhov tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo thiab tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo. Kev sib kis yog qhov sib piv rau qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom, thiab cov khoom me me, qhov loj dua qhov sib kis. Qhov kev poob qis yog qhov txheeb ze thiab muaj xwm txheej, thiab nws yuav tsum tau raug rau lub zog sab nraud kom txav mus los. Qhov kev sib xyaw yog qhov sib piv rau qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom, qhov loj dua qhov khoom, qhov sai dua qhov kev sib xyaw. Rau cov khoom me me dua ob peb microns, xws li cov kab mob lossis cov protein, lawv nyob hauv lub xeev colloidal lossis semi-colloidal hauv kev daws teeb meem, thiab nws tsis yooj yim sua kom pom cov txheej txheem kev sib xyaw tsuas yog los ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus. Vim tias cov khoom me me, qhov qeeb dua qhov kev sib xyaw, thiab qhov loj dua qhov tshwm sim kev sib xyaw. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov tsim nyog siv lub centrifuge los tsim lub zog centrifugal muaj zog los yuam cov khoom no kom kov yeej qhov kev sib kis thiab tsim cov kev txav mus los ntawm kev sib xyaw.
Centrifugation yog siv lub zog centrifugal muaj zog uas tsim los ntawm kev sib hloov ceev ntawm lub centrifuge rotor kom ua kom nrawm dua qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom me me hauv cov kua, thiab cais cov tshuaj uas muaj cov coefficients sedimentation sib txawv thiab cov buoyancy densities hauv cov qauv.
Kev Hloov Pauv Ntawm Lub Zog centrifugal (g) Thiab Qhov Ceev Tig (rpm)
Cov mis hloov pauv ntawm lub zog centrifugal G thiab qhov ceev tig RPM yog raws li nram no:
G=1.11 × 10^(-5)×R×(rpm)^2
Ntawm lawv, G yog lub zog centrifugal, uas feem ntau yog qhia ua ntau yam ntawm g (kev nrawm ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus).
10^(-5) yog lub zog thib tsib tsis zoo ntawm 10, lub xwmfab ntawm qhov ceev tig (rpm)^2, R yog lub vojvoog, thiab chav tsev yog centimeters.
Piv txwv li, nrog lub vojvoog centrifugal ntawm 10 cm thiab qhov ceev tig ntawm 8000 RPM, lub zog centrifugal yog:
G=1.11*10(-5)*10*(8000)2=7104
Uas yog, lub zog centrifugal yog 7104g.
Thiab thaum lub zog centrifugal yog 8000g, nws qhov ceev yuav tsum yog: 8489 yog li 8500rpm
Kev faib tawm tseem ceeb
Kev tais 1. Raws li qhov sib cais ntawm tus nqi Fr
Cov centrifuges tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov hom hauv qab no:
1. Lub tshuab centrifuge ceev ib txwm muaj
Fr≤3500 (feem ntau yog 600 ~ 1200), hom centrifuge no muaj qhov ceev qis thiab lub cheeb loj.
2. Lub tshuab centrifuge ceev ceev
Fr = 3500 ~ 50000, qhov ceev tig ntawm lub centrifuge no siab, lub cheeb ntawm lub nruas feem ntau me me, thiab qhov ntev ntev.
3. Ultracentrifuge
Fr> 50000, vim yog qhov ceev ceev (saum toj no 50000r / min), lub nruas yog ua rau hauv ib hom tubular nyias.
Qhov sib cais Fr yog hais txog qhov sib piv ntawm lub zog centrifugal ntawm cov khoom siv hauv lub zog centrifugal rau lub ntiajteb txawj nqus ntawm cov khoom siv hauv lub ntiajteb txawj nqus.
Quav ob, raws li hom kev ua haujlwm
Cov centrifuges tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov hom hauv qab no:
1. Qhov sib txawv centrifuge
Nws cov txheej txheem pub mis, sib cais, ntxuav thiab tshem tawm cov slag yog txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm sib txawv, thiab phau ntawv, lub ntiajteb txawj nqus lossis cov txheej txheem siv los tshem tawm cov slag, xws li peb-legged thiab sab saum toj-suspension centrifuges.
2. Lub tshuab centrifuge txuas ntxiv mus
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev pub mis, kev sib cais, kev ntxuav thiab kev tshem tawm slag tuaj yeem nqa tawm tau hauv qhov sib txawv lossis hauv cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv mus.
3. Lub tshuab centrifuge geotechnical
Quav 3. Raws li txoj kev tso tawm slag
Cov centrifuges tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov hom hauv qab no:
1. Siv lub tshuab centrifuge rho tawm cov khoom seem
Cov txheej txheem yog indirect thiab kev ua haujlwm yog automatic.
2. Lub tshuab centrifuge piston pusher
Cov txheej txheem yog semi-txuas ntxiv thiab kev ua haujlwm yog tsis siv neeg.
3. Lub tshuab centrifuge uas muab kauv tawm
Cov txheej txheem yog txuas ntxiv mus thiab kev ua haujlwm yog tsis siv neeg.
4. Lub tshuab centrifugal tso tawm
Cov txheej txheem yog txuas ntxiv mus thiab kev ua haujlwm yog tsis siv neeg.
5. Lub tshuab centrifuge uas co tawm
Cov txheej txheem yog txuas ntxiv mus thiab kev ua haujlwm yog tsis siv neeg.
6. Tilt unloading centrifuge
Cov txheej txheem yog txuas ntxiv mus thiab kev ua haujlwm yog tsis siv neeg.
Plaub, raws li cov txheej txheem siv
Centrifuges tuaj yeem muab faib ua: lim centrifuges, decanter centrifuges.
Tsib, raws li txoj kev teeb tsa
Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntsug, kab rov tav, inclined, dai thiab peb-legged.
6. Raws li cov qauv hauv tebchaws thiab kev sib koom ua lag luam
rau plaub yam hauv qab no
1. peb-legged centrifuge
2. Kab rov tav Spiral Centrifuge
3. Lub Tshuab Sib Cais Disc
4. Lub Tshuab Sib Cais Tubular
Yuav ua li cas thiaj yuav tau?
Muaj ntau hom centrifuges thiab ntau yam, thiab tus nqi kuj kim heev. Thaum yuav, koj yuav tsum ntsuas raws li txoj haujlwm. Feem ntau cov hauv qab no yuav tsum tau xav txog:
(1) Lub hom phiaj ntawm centrifugation, analytical centrifugation lossis kev npaj centrifugation;
(2) Hom thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov qauv, txawm tias nws yog cov cell, cov kab mob, lossis cov protein, thiab qhov loj ntawm cov qauv. Raws li cov yam no, qhov kev txiav txim siab yuav lub centrifuge analytical lossis preparative; qis-ceev, siab-ceev, lossis ultra-ceev; siab-volume, tas li-volume, lossis micro-volume centrifuges.
(3) Lub peev xwm kev lag luam: Thaum txiav txim siab tus qauv, tus neeg tsim khoom thiab tus nqi yuav tsum tau xav txog. Tus nqi thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom tau sib phim.
(4) Lwm cov ntsiab lus: xws li seb qhov kev ua haujlwm centrifugal puas yooj yim, seb kev saib xyuas puas yooj yim, seb tus qauv tsim puas qub dhau lawm, seb qhov kev muab cov khoom hnav puas yooj yim, thiab lwm yam.
(5) Teeb meem sib phim: nws tsis yooj yim sua rau lub centrifuge ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov ceev qis, qhov ceev siab thiab overspeed tib lub sijhawm. Feem ntau hais lus, ultracentrifuges tsuas yog txwv rau ultracentrifugation, tsis haum rau kev centrifugation ceev siab, lossis centrifugation ceev qis, thiab tseem muaj centrifuges ceev siab tsis haum rau kev centrifugation ceev qis. Yog li ntawd, thaum yuav ultracentrifuge, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xav txog lub centrifuge ceev siab, txwv tsis pub qhov zoo yuav tsis raug siv. Feem ntau hais lus, qhov ceev qis thiab qhov ceev siab siv ntau zaus, thaum tus nqi siv ntawm ultracentrifuges qis. Ultracentrifuges tsuas yog yuav hauv cov chaw soj nstuam uas feem ntau siv lossis xav txog cov chaw pej xeem hauv cheeb tsam.
Tom qab txiav txim siab tus qauv ntawm lub centrifuge, nws yog hom centrifugal rotor xaiv. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog lub peev xwm ntawm cov qauv thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm centrifugation. Feem ntau, muaj ib lub rotor kab rov tav thiab ib lub rotor angular, lossis ib lub rotor loj-muaj peev xwm (qhov ceev qis) thiab ib lub rotor me-muaj peev xwm ceev ceev txhua tus kom tau raws li qhov xav tau sib txawv hauv kev ua haujlwm. Qhov ua tiav ntau dua, qhov zoo dua. Vim tias muaj ntau hom centrifugal rotors, ntau yam zoo sib xws, thiab cov rotors ntawm cov tshuab overspeed kim heev. Yog tias lawv txhua tus sib phim, tus nqi yog ntau zaus siab dua li ntawm tus tswv tsev centrifuge, thiab nws tsis tsim nyog. Vim yog qhov ceev rotor sib txawv, tus nqi sib txawv heev. Hais txog qhov ceev tig, nws tsis pom zoo kom ua raws li qhov siab tshaj plaws, tab sis yuav tsum muaj lub rotor nrog qhov ceev tig siab tshaj plaws uas tso cai los ntawm centrifuge, txwv tsis pub nws yuav yog qhov pov tseg rau centrifuge. Cov chav tsev nrog ob lub centrifuges yuav xav txog cov qauv rotor sib xyaw kom txuag tau nyiaj.
Kev tswj hwm cov centrifuges, raws li kev siv centrifuges hauv Suav teb tau ntau xyoo, txhua hom centrifuges yuav tsum tau tswj hwm thiab tswj hwm los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Cov centrifuges siab thiab ultracentrifuges xav tau kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua. Cov neeg siv yuav tsum sau cov xwm txheej sim thiab cov xwm txheej txij nkawm kom meej kom ntseeg tau tias kev siv centrifuge muaj kev nyab xeeb. Cov centrifuges ceev siab thiab qis yog qhov yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm, yog li koj tuaj yeem siv lawv los ntawm koj tus kheej tom qab nyeem cov lus qhia thiab kev cob qhia cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm centrifuges. Lub ultracentrifuge muaj cov qauv nyuaj thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm nyuaj. Kev siv tsis raug yog qhov ua rau muaj xwm txheej. Tshwj xeeb, lub centrifugal rotor yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thiab siv zoo. Kev txiav txim siab los ntawm kev siv hauv tsev thiab kev tswj hwm tau ntau xyoo, kev saib xyuas thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cuab yeej yog qhov lav tias lub cuab yeej nyob rau hauv zoo mob. Cov thawj coj thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau kawm kom lawv tsis yog tsuas yog paub txog kev ua haujlwm, tab sis kuj muaj kev nkag siab txog lub cuab yeej.
