igazi lihlukaniswa kanjani ku-centrifuge

Ukuqonda i-Centrifuge kanye nendima yayo ekuhlukaniseni igazi

I-Centrifugation inqubo eyisisekelo esetshenziswa emikhakheni eyahlukene yesayensi kanye nezimboni, okuhlanganisa nezindawo zezokwelapha nezelebhu. Ngamandla e-centrifugal akhiqizwa yi-rotor ejikelezayo, izinto ezisesampula zingahlukaniswa ngempumelelo nangokufanele ngokusekelwe ekubuneni kwazo. Ukuhlukaniswa kwegazi kungenye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokusetshenziswa kwe-centrifugation, okufeza izinjongo ezibalulekile ezinqubweni zokuxilonga, ukugcinwa kwegazi, kanye nocwaningo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola umhlaba othakazelisayo we-centrifugation futhi sithole ukuthi igazi lihlukaniswa kanjani kusetshenziswa lo mshini ohlakaniphile.

Izingxenye ze-Centrifuge

I-centrifuge ngokuvamile yakhiwa yizingxenye ezintathu ezibalulekile: injini, i-rotor, kanye nezibambi zamashubhu. Injini ikhiqiza amandla okujikeleza adingekayo ukuze kugxilwe, ngokuvamile asebenza ngogesi. I-rotor, eyaziwa nangokuthi isitsha noma ikhanda, iyisigubhu esijikelezayo lapho kufakwa khona amasampula. Iza ngemiklamo ehlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ama-rotor angama-fixed-angle kanye nama-swing-out, ngalinye lifanele izinhlobo ezithile zokuhlukaniswa. Izibambi zamashubhu zibamba amashubhu esampula ngokuphephile endaweni ngesikhathi sokuxilwa, zivimbele ukuvuza futhi ziqinisekise ukujikeleza okuphephile.

I-Centrifugation Ehlukile: Isinyathelo Sokuqala Sokuhlukana

Ukuze siqonde ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa kwegazi kwenzeka kanjani ku-centrifuge, kumele sihlole isimiso se-differential centrifugation. Le ndlela ihilela ukufaka isampula ochungechungeni lwezinyathelo ze-centrifugation, kancane kancane sandise isivinini sokuhlukanisa izingxenye ngokufanele ngokusekelwe ekubuneni kwazo. Emongweni wegazi, inqubo yokuhlukanisa ihlose ukuhlukanisa amangqamuzana abomvu egazi (ama-RBC), amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi (ama-WBC), ama-platelet, kanye ne-plasma ukuze kuhlaziywe kabanzi.

Izici Ezithinta Ukuhlukaniswa Kwegazi

Izinto eziningana zithonya ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukaniswa kwegazi ku-centrifuge. Ijubane noma amandla e-centrifugation, alinganiswa ngokujikeleza ngomzuzu (RPM) noma amandla e-centrifugal ahlobene (RCF), iyipharamitha ebalulekile. Ijubane eliphakeme liholela ekuhlukanisweni okwandisiwe, kodwa amandla e-centrifugal amaningi angalimaza izingxenye ezithile zegazi. Ubude be-centrifugation kanye nokushisa okwenzeka kukho nakho kuthinta ukuhlukaniswa kwegazi. Izimo ezinhle zokuhlukaniswa kwegazi zincike ezinhlosweni ezithile zokuhlola noma inqubo, kanye nohlobo lwesampula yegazi ecutshungulwayo.

Inqubo Yokuhlukaniswa Kwegazi

Manje, ake sihambe ngezinyathelo ezihilelekile ekuhlukaniseni igazi kusetshenziswa i-centrifuge. Okokuqala, isampula, evame ukuqoqwa epayipini eliphathwe nge-anticoagulant, ifakwa ngokucophelela ezibambini zamapayipi ezifanele ngaphakathi kwe-rotor. I-rotor ibe isikhiywa endaweni yayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amasampula agcinwe kahle ukuvimbela noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka ngesikhathi se-centrifuge.

Okulandelayo, i-centrifuge iyaqaliswa, bese i-rotor ishesha ngesivinini esifunekayo. Njengoba i-rotor ijikeleza, izingxenye zegazi ezixinene kakhulu, njengamaseli abomvu egazi, zidonswa ziye emaphethelweni angaphandle epayipi. Okwamanje, i-plasma, okuyingxenye yegazi ewuketshezi, iqoqana eduze kwesikhungo sepayipi. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwenzeka ngenxa yobuningi obuhlukene bezingxenye zegazi.

Ngemva kwesikhathi esinqunyiwe noma uma ukuhlukaniswa okufiswayo sekufinyelelwe, i-centrifuge incishiswa kancane kancane, okuyenza ime. Kuqashelwa ukuthi kungaphazamisi izendlalelo ezihlukanisiwe ngenkathi kusingathwa amapayipi. Ekugcineni, ipayipi lisuswa ngokucophelela ku-rotor, futhi izendlalelo ezivelayo zezingxenye zegazi ezihlukanisiwe zilungele ukuhlaziywa noma ukugcinwa okwengeziwe.

Ekuphetheni, i-centrifugation idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlukanisweni kwegazi, okuvumela ukuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye ezithile zegazi ngezinjongo zokuxilonga, ucwaningo, kanye nokwelapha. Le nqubo ihilela i-centrifugation ehlukile, lapho ubuningi obuhlukene bezingxenye zegazi buholela ekuhlukanisweni okuphumelelayo ngaphakathi kwe-rotor. Ukuqonda izimiso namasu ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa kwegazi ku-centrifuge kwenza ososayensi, ochwepheshe bezempilo, kanye nabacwaningi bakwazi ukusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo.