Igazi lahlulwa njani kwi-centrifuge
Ukuqonda iCentrifuge kunye nendima yayo ekwahlulweni kwegazi
Ukucoca igazi (centrifugation) yinkqubo esisiseko esetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zesayensi kunye namashishini, kuquka nezonyango kunye neelebhu. Ngamandla e-centrifugal aveliswa yi-rotor ejikelezayo, izinto ezikwisampulu zinokwahlulwa ngokufanelekileyo nangokufanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bazo. Ukwahlula igazi yenye yezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo zokucoca igazi, ezisebenza ngeenjongo ezibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zokuxilonga, ukugcina igazi, kunye nophando. Kweli nqaku, siza kujonga kwihlabathi elinomdla lokucoca igazi kwaye sifumanise indlela igazi elahlulwa ngayo kusetyenziswa esi sixhobo sinobuchule.
Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwiCentrifuge
I-centrifuge idla ngokuba nezinto ezintathu ezibalulekileyo: i-motor, i-rotor, kunye nee-tube holders. I-motor ivelisa amandla okujikeleza afunekayo kwi-centrifugation, adla ngokusebenza ngombane. I-rotor, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-bowl okanye i-head, yidrama ejikelezayo apho kufakwa khona iisampuli. Iza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ii-fixed-angle kunye nee-swing-out rotors, nganye ifanelekile kwiindidi ezithile zokwahlula. Ii-tube holders zibamba ii-sample tubes ngokukhuselekileyo endaweni yazo ngexesha le-centrifugation, zithintela ukuvuza kwaye ziqinisekise ukujikeleza okukhuselekileyo.
I-Centrifugation yokwahluka: Inyathelo lokuqala lokwahlulwa
Ukuze siqonde indlela ukwahlukana kwegazi okwenzeka ngayo kwi-centrifuge, kufuneka sihlolisise umgaqo we-differential centrifugation. Le ndlela ibandakanya ukufaka isampuli kuthotho lwamanyathelo e-centrifugation, kancinci kancinci isantya sokwahlula ngokufanelekileyo izinto ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bazo. Kwimeko yegazi, inkqubo yokwahlula ijolise ekuhlukaniseni iiseli ezibomvu zegazi (ii-RBC), iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi (ii-WBC), iiplatelets, kunye ne-plasma ukuze kuhlalutywe ngakumbi.
Izinto Ezichaphazela Ukwahlulwa Kwegazi
Zininzi izinto ezichaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kokwahlulwa kwegazi kwi-centrifuge. Isantya okanye amandla e-centrifugation, alinganiswa ngokujikeleza ngomzuzu (RPM) okanye amandla e-centrifugal (RCF), yiparameter ebalulekileyo. Izantya eziphezulu zikhokelela ekwahlulweni okwandisiweyo, kodwa amandla e-centrifugal agqithisileyo anokonakalisa ezinye iindawo zegazi. Ubude be-centrifugation kunye nobushushu okwenzeka kubo nako kuchaphazela ukwahlulwa kwegazi. Iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokwahlulwa kwegazi zixhomekeke kwiinjongo ezithile zovavanyo okanye inkqubo, kunye nohlobo lwesampulu yegazi ecutshungulwayo.
Inkqubo Yokwahlulwa Kwegazi
Ngoku, masihambe ngamanyathelo abandakanyekayo ekuhlukaniseni igazi sisebenzisa i-centrifuge. Okokuqala, isampuli, edla ngokuqokelelwa kwityhubhu ephathwa nge-anticoagulant, ifakwa ngononophelo kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo zokufaka iityhubhu ngaphakathi kwi-rotor. Emva koko i-rotor itshixelwa endaweni yayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iisampulu zigcinwe ngokukhuselekileyo ukuthintela naziphi na iingxaki ngexesha le-centrifuge.
Emva koko, i-centrifuge iyaqaliswa, kwaye i-rotor ikhawuleza ukuya kwisantya esifunekayo. Njengoko i-rotor ijikeleza, ezona nxalenye zixineneyo zegazi, njengeeseli ezibomvu zegazi, zitsalwa ziye kumda ongaphandle wetyhubhu. Okwangoku, i-plasma, eyinxalenye yolwelo lwegazi, iqokelelana kufutshane nombindi wetyhubhu. Olu kwahlukana lwenzeka ngenxa yobuninzi obahlukeneyo bezinto zegazi.
Emva kwexesha elimiselweyo okanye xa sele kuphunyeziwe ukwahlulwa okufunekayo, i-centrifuge iyancitshiswa kancinci kancinci, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ime. Kuthathwa inyameko yokuba ingaphazamisi iileya ezahluliweyo ngelixa kusingathwa iityhubhu. Ekugqibeleni, ityhubhu isuswa ngononophelo kwi-rotor, kwaye iileya ezivelayo zeenxalenye zegazi ezahlulweyo zilungele uhlalutyo olongezelelweyo okanye ukugcinwa.
Ukuqukumbela, i-centrifugation idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuhlukaniseni igazi, okuvumela ukwahlulwa kwezakhi ezithile zegazi ngeenjongo zokuxilonga, uphando, kunye nonyango. Le nkqubo ibandakanya i-centrifugation eyahlukileyo, apho ubuninzi obahlukeneyo bezakhi zegazi bukhokelela ekuhlukaniseni okusebenzayo ngaphakathi kwe-rotor. Ukuqonda imigaqo kunye neendlela ezisemva kokwahlulwa kwegazi kwi-centrifuge kwenza izazinzulu, iingcali zempilo, kunye nabaphandi bakwazi ukusebenzisa obu buchwephesha kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.
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