Imveliso yobungcali yokwahlulahlula i-centrifuge kunye nomenzi woomatshini bamayeza - iZonelink

xa igazi elitsha lifakwa kwi-centrifuge, liyahlukana

2023-08-24

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Xa igazi elitsha lifakwe kwi-centrifuge, liyahlukana

Intshayelelo:

Inkqubo yokucoca igazi kwiilabhoratri zonyango idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwahlukaniseni iinxalenye ezahlukeneyo zegazi elitsha. Le ndlela isebenzisa umgaqo womahluko woxinano ukwahlula iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iplasma, kunye neeplatelets. Ngokujikelezisa isampuli yegazi kwi-centrifuge, iinxalenye zahlukana zibe ziingqimba ezahlukeneyo, okuvumela uhlalutyo olongezelelweyo kunye nokuxilongwa. Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlola inkqubo yokucoca igazi kunye nokubaluleka kwayo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango.

Ukuqonda i-Centrifugation:

1. Umgaqo weCentrifugation:

Ukucoca igazi (centrifugation) kuxhomekeke kumgaqo we-sedimentation, othi amasuntswana axineneyo ahlala ezantsi xa exhonywe kulwelo. Kwimeko yegazi, oku kuthetha ukuba iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, ezixineneyo kune-plasma, ziya kuhlala phantsi kwaye zenze umaleko osezantsi emva kokucoca igazi (centrifugation).

2. Iintlobo zeeCentrifuges:

Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zee-centrifuge ezisetyenziswa kwiilabhoratri. Ezi ziquka i-centrifuge enesantya esiphezulu, i-ultracentrifuge, kunye ne-microcentrifuge. Ii-centrifuge ezinesantya esiphezulu zinamandla amakhulu kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukwahlulahlula inqwaba. Ii-ultracentrifuge, kwelinye icala, zinokufikelela kwisantya esiphezulu sokujikeleza kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukwahlulahlula amasuntswana amancinci, njengeentsholongwane kunye nee-macromolecules. Ii-microcentrifuge zincinci kwaye zisetyenziselwa ikakhulu uvavanyo lweklinikhi oluqhelekileyo.

Inkqubo yeCentrifugation:

1. Ingqokelela yeeSampulu:

Ngaphambi kokwenza i-centrifuge, isampuli yegazi iqokelelwa kusetyenziswa isirinji okanye inaliti. Izinto ezithintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi zongezwa ukuthintela ukujiya kwegazi ngexesha lenkqubo. Emva koko isampuli idluliselwa ngononophelo kwityhubhu ye-centrifuge.

2. Ukubekwa kwiCentrifuge:

Iityhubhu ze-centrifuge eziqulathe iisampuli zegazi zifakwa kwi-centrifuge rotor. Kubalulekile ukusasaza iityhubhu ngokulinganayo ukuze zijikeleze ngokuzinzileyo kwaye zahlulwe ngokuchanekileyo.

3. Ukuseta isantya kunye nexesha:

Isantya esifanelekileyo kunye noseto lwexesha ziyahluka ngokusekwe kulwahlulo olufunekayo kunye nohlobo lwe-centrifuge esetyenziswayo. Ngokwesiqhelo, isantya esiphezulu sisetyenziselwa ukwahlula iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kwi-plasma.

4. Ukusasaza nge-centrifugation:

Nje ukuba useto lwesantya nexesha lucwangcisiwe, i-centrifuge iyaqaliswa. Njengoko i-rotor ijikeleza ngokukhawuleza, iinxalenye zegazi ziyahlukana ngenxa yobuninzi bazo obahlukeneyo. Iiseli zegazi ezibomvu ziyahamba ziye ezantsi (i-pellet), ngelixa i-plasma inyuka iye phezulu, ishiya umaleko ocacileyo phakathi kwayo owaziwa ngokuba yi-buffy coat.

Ukusetyenziswa kweCentrifugation kwiNyango:

1. Utofelo-gazi:

Ukucoca igazi kubalulekile ekuqokeleleni nasekuhlukaniseni iinxalenye zegazi ngexesha lokufakwa igazi. Ngokwahlula iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iplasma, kunye neeplatelets, kuba lula ukukhupha iinxalenye ezithile zokufakwa igazi nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwesigulana.

2. Uvavanyo lokuxilonga:

Kwi-diagnostics yezonyango, i-centrifugation isetyenziswa kakhulu ukwenza iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, ukubalwa kwegazi okupheleleyo (i-CBC) kufuna ukwahlulwa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kwi-plasma ukuze kulinganiswe amanqanaba e-hematocrit kunye ne-hemoglobin. Ukongeza, ezinye iimvavanyo, ezifana novavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi kunye nezintso, zixhomekeke kwi-centrifugation ukuze kwahlulwe i-serum okanye i-plasma ukuze kuhlalutywe.

3. Uphando lweSelfowuni:

Ukucoca iiseli kunceda ekuhlukaniseni nasekucoceni iintlobo ezithile zeeseli ngeenjongo zophando. Ngokwahlula iiseli kwezinye izinto zegazi, abaphandi banokufunda iindidi ezithile, ezifana neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi okanye iiseli eziqalayo, ngokweenkcukacha.

4. Uphuhliso lweziyobisi:

Kwishishini lezemithi, i-centrifugation idla ngokusetyenziswa ngexesha lophuhliso lweziyobisi kunye neenkqubo zokwenziwa. Ngexesha lokucubungula okuhambayo, i-centrifugation isetyenziselwa ukwahlula iiseli kwi-broths zokubilisa, ukuqokelela iimveliso zeeseli, kunye nokususa inkunkuma yeeseli.

Isiphelo:

I-Centrifugation yindlela ebalulekileyo esetyenziswa kwiilabhoratri zonyango ukwahlula iinxalenye zegazi kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo. Ngokusebenzisa umgaqo wokwahlulwa kwe-sedimentation kunye nomahluko wobuninzi, i-centrifugation ivumela ukwahlulwa kwezixhobo ezithile, inceda kuvavanyo lokuxilonga, uphando, kunye nophuhliso lwamayeza. Ngobuchwephesha obuphucukileyo, iindlela ze-centrifugation ziyaqhubeka nokukhula, okwenza ukwahlulwa kwegazi kube ngcono kwaye kuchaneke ngakumbi.