Ina hurihia te toto, ka wehea kia pēhea ngā wāhanga
Kupu Whakataki
He tukanga tino nui te wehenga toto i roto i ngā taiwhanga hauora me ngā rangahau maha. Kei roto ko te whakamahinga o te centrifuge, he taputapu e hurihuri ana i ngā tauira toto i ngā tere teitei hei wehewehe i ōna wāhanga i runga i ō rātou mātotorutanga. Ina centrifugehia te toto, ka wehea kia motuhake ngā wāhanga, ia wāhanga me ōna ake āhuatanga me āna mahi ahurei. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tūhuratia e mātou ngā wāhanga rerekē e puta mai ana i te wā e centrifugehia ana te toto me tō rātou hiranga i roto i ngā tātaritanga me ngā rangahau hauora.
1. Ngā Kaupapa Taketake o te Whakapūtanga Toto
2. Te Tukanga Wehewehe me te Hanganga o ngā Wāhanga
3. Ngā Pūtau Toto Whero: Ngā Kaikawe Hāora
4. Ngā Pūtau Toto Mā: Ngā Kaiwawao Ārai Mate
5. Ngā Peretā: Ngā Āhuatanga Whakapūmau
6. Plasma: Te Matatini Wai
7. Te Hiranga o te Wehenga Toto i roto i ngā Tātaritanga Hauora
8. Ngā Tikanga Auaha mō te Wehenga Toto
9. Te Wehenga Toto i tua atu i ngā Tātaritanga
10. Whakamutunga
Ngā Kaupapa Taketake o te Whakapūtanga Toto
He tikanga whānui te whakamahi i te centrifugation i roto i te rangahau hauora me te tātaritanga haumanu. Mā te wehewehe i ngā wāhanga i runga i ō rātou kiato, ka taea e ngā kaipūtaiao me ngā tohunga hauora te ako me te tātari i ngā momo wāhanga toto. Ko te tukanga o te centrifugation ko te hurihuri i te tauira toto i ngā tere teitei, ka hua ake he kaha centrifugation ka meinga ngā wāhanga taumaha kia pupū ki raro o te ngongo.
Te Tukanga Wehewehe me te Hanganga o ngā Wāhanga
Ina hurihia te toto, ka wehea kia toru ngā paparanga motuhake: ko ngā toto whero (RBC) kei raro, ko ngā toto mā (WBC) me ngā pereti toto kei waenganui, me te plasma kei runga. Nā te rerekētanga o ngā mātotorutanga o ēnei wāhanga i wehea ai.
Ngā Pūtau Toto Whero: Ngā Kaikawe Hāora
Ko ngā toto whero, e mōhiotia ana ko ngā erythrocytes, ngā pūtau tino nui i roto i te toto. Kei roto i a rātou he pūmua e mōhiotia ana ko te hemoglobin, e herea ana ki te hāora, ā, e kawe ana puta noa i te tinana. I te wā e whakamahia ana te centrifugation, ka hangaia e ngā toto whero he pirepire matotoru ki raro i te ngongo. Ko tō rātou tae whero momona he hua nō te ngota kawe hāora. He mea nui te mārama ki te maha, te rahi, me te āhua o ngā toto whero hei tautuhi i te anemia, ngā mate tākihi, me ngā momo mate rerekē.
Ngā Pūtau Toto Mā: Ngā Kaiwawao Ārai Mate
He mahi nui tā ngā toto mā, arā, ngā leukocyte, i roto i te pūnaha ārai mate. Ka tiakina e rātou te tinana mai i ngā mate urutā, ngā mate pāwera, me ngā matū ke. He rerekē ki ngā toto whero, he iti ake te maha o ngā toto toto whero. I te wā e whakamahia ana te toto toto whero, ka hangaia he paparanga angiangi ki runga ake i ngā toto toto whero. Mā te tātari i ngā momo me ngā kukū o ngā toto toto whero ka kitea he māramatanga nui ki te mahi a te pūnaha ārai mate, ā, ka āwhina i te tautuhi i ngā mate urutā, ngā mate pāwera, ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate, me te leukemia.
Ngā Peretā: Ngā Āhuatanga Whakapūmau
He mea nui ngā pereti toto, arā, ngā toto toto, mō te toto totoka, hei ārai i te toto nui ina puta he whara. He iti ake te maha o ēnei kongakonga pereti toto i ngā toto whero me ngā toto toto whero (WBC) engari he nui i roto i te toto. I te wā e whakamahia ana te centrifugation, ka kohia ngā pereti toto ki runga ake i te paparanga o ngā toto toto mā. Mā te ako i te maha me te mahi o ngā pereti toto ka āwhina i te tautuhi i ngā mate toto, te aroturuki i ngā maimoatanga anticoagulant, me te aromatawai i te mōrearea o ngā mate cardiovascular.
Plasma: Te Matatini Wai
Ko te parāma he wāhanga wai o te toto, he tae kakau witi, e toe ana i muri i te tangohanga o ngā pūtau. Tata ki te 55% o te toto kei roto, ā, kei roto ko te wai, ngā irahiko, ngā pūmua, ngā homoni, ngā matū whakaputa, me ngā hua para. I te wā e whakamahia ana te parāma, kei te paparanga o runga rawa o te ngongo te parāma. Mā te tātari i ngā wāhanga parāma ka homai he mōhiohio nui mō te hauora whānui o te tangata, tae atu ki ngā mahi ate me te whatukuhu, te taurite irahiko, te kōtaha ngako, me ngā tohu mō ngā mate maha.
Te Hiranga o te Wehenga Toto i roto i ngā Tātaritanga Hauora
He mea nui te wehenga toto mā te centrifugation i roto i ngā tātaritanga hauora. Mā tēnei ka taea e ngā tohunga hauora te tātari tika i ngā wāhanga takitahi me te tautuhi i ngā hapa, i ngā taurite kore rānei. Hei tauira, mā te ine i ngā taumata o ngā whākōkī, o ngā pūmua rānei i roto i te toto, ka taea e ngā tākuta te tātari i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i ngā mate manawa, ngā mate ate, ngā mate tākihi rānei.
Ngā Tikanga Auaha mō te Wehenga Toto
Nā ngā whanaketanga hangarau kua whanakehia ngā tikanga hou mō te wehewehe toto. Ko tētahi o aua tikanga ko te centrifugation gradient density. Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakatakoto i tētahi gradient o ngā mātotoru rerekē ki roto i te ngongo centrifuge. I te hurihuri o te tauira, ka neke ngā wāhanga i roto i te gradient, ka wehea ki ngā paparanga motuhake i runga i ō rātou mātotoru. Mā tēnei tikanga ka taea te wehewehe tika ake i ngā wāhanga toto motuhake mō ngā momo tono.
Te Wehenga Toto i tua atu i ngā Tātaritanga
Haunga ngā tātaritanga hauora, ka kitea ngā whakamahinga o ngā tikanga wehewehe toto i roto i ngā rangahau hauora me ngā tikanga rongoā. Ka whakamahia e ngā kairangahau te centrifugation hei wehe i ngā wāhanga motuhake mō te ako i ā rātou mahi, te whakahaere whakamātautau ira, te whakawhanake rānei i ngā rongoā hou. Hei tāpiri, ko ētahi tikanga rongoā, pērā i te rongoā platelet-rich plasma (PRP), ka whakamahi i ngā tikanga wehewehe toto hei tango i te plasma platelet-rich ka werohia ki roto i ngā kiko whara hei whakaora ake.
Whakamutunga
Hei whakamutunga, mā te tukanga o te whakapūtanga toto ka taea te wehewehe i ngā wāhanga rerekē, arā, ngā toto whero, ngā toto mā, ngā pereti toto, me te parāuma. He mahi nui tā ia wāhanga ki te mahi a te tinana, ā, ka homai he māramatanga nui ki te hauora o te tangata. Mā te mārama ki ngā āhuatanga me ngā mahi motuhake o ēnei wāhanga, ka taea e ngā tohunga hauora te tautuhi i ngā mate, te aroturuki i ngā maimoatanga, me te whakahaere rangahau nui hei whakatairanga ake i te mātauranga hauora me te whakapai ake i te tiaki tūroro.
.