he aha te mīhini centrifuge
He aha te Mīhini Whakapūtāhui?
Kupu Whakataki
He taputapu nui te mīhini whakapūmau e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā ahumahi me ngā taiwhanga. Ka whakamahia te kaupapa o te whakapūmau hei wehewehe i ngā matū o ngā matotoru rerekē i roto i te ranunga wai, hau rānei. Ka whakawhirinaki tēnei tukanga ki te whakaputa i te kaha whakapūmau, e meinga ai ngā matūriki matotoru kia neke ki waho, ko ngā mea māmā ake ka noho tata ki te pokapū. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka ruku hohonu tātou ki te mīhini whakapūmau, ka tūhuratia tōna kaupapa mahi, āna tono, āna momo, me ngā wāhanga matua.
Te Mārama ki te Mātāpono Mahi
He mea whakamiharo te mīhini whakapūngao e whakamahi ana i ngā kaha e pā ana ki tētahi mea hurihuri. Ka whakamahia e ia te kaha whakapūngao, e ārai ana i te kaha ā-papa, ka hua ake te wehenga o ngā matū. Kei roto i te mīhini he pahu hurihuri tere-teitei, e kiia nei ko te rotor, e pupuri ana i te tauira kia whakapūngaohia. Ina huri tere te rotor, ka puta he kaha whakapūngao, ka panaia ngā matūriki ki te taha o waho o te rotor me te hanga i tētahi pikinga o te mātotoru matūriki.
Ngā tono i roto i te Hangarau Koiora me ngā Pūtaiao Hauora
1. Tātari Tauira Toto
Ko tētahi whakamahinga matua o te centrifugation ko te tātaritanga tauira toto. He mahi nui tāna ki te wehewehe i ngā wāhanga toto, pērā i ngā toto whero, ngā toto mā, ngā pereti toto, me te plasma. Mā te huri i te tauira toto i roto i te centrifuge, ka wehea ngā toto matotoru mai i te plasma, ka māmā ake te tātaritanga taiwhanga, ā, ka taea ai te tātaritanga whānui o ngā tawhā rerekē.
2. Te Whakamaemae i ngā Ngota Koiora
He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te centrifugation i roto i te purenga o ngā ngota koiora. Hei tauira, i roto i te tango DNA, ka wehea pai e te centrifugation te DNA mai i ētahi atu wāhanga pūtau, pērā i ngā pūmua me ngā waikawa karihi. Hei tāpiri, ka whakamahia ngā centrifuges hei purenga i ngā pūmua me te wehe i ngā whekau motuhake mai i ngā homogenates pūtau, hei āwhina i ngā rangahau e pā ana ki te koiora pūtau me te koiora ngota.
Ngā Momo Mīhini Whakapūtā
1. Pūwero Rotor Koki Pūmau
Ko te mīhini whakatere hurihuri koki-pūmau he momo mīhini whakatere e whakamahia whānuitia ana. Kei roto he hurihuri e noho tonu ana i te koki pūmau, i waenga i te 20 ki te 40 nekehanga. Mā tēnei hoahoa hurihuri ka taea te wehe tere i ngā matūriki nā te kaha whakatere e mahi poutū ana ki te mata o ngā ngongo tauira. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā whakatere hurihuri koki-pūmau ina tukatukahia ngā rahinga tauira iti.
2. Pūwero Rotor Pīrere-Pīrere
Ko te pūwero hurihuri pēke-hurihuri tētahi atu momo e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā taiwhanga. He pūwero tēnei me ngā āpitihanga rite ki te pēke e huri ana i waho i te wā e whakatereterehia ana, e āhei ai ngā ngongo tauira ki te noho ki tētahi koki. Mā tēnei hoahoa ka māmā ake te whakahaere i te tauira, ā, ka whakaitihia te tūponotanga o te poke whakawhiti. He pai ngā pūwero hurihuri pēke-hurihuri mō ngā rahinga tauira nui ake, ā, he maha ngā wā ka kitea i roto i ngā taiwhanga tātaritanga haumanu.
Ngā Wāhanga Matua o te Mīhini Whakapūtā
1. Rotora
He wāhanga nui te rotor o tētahi mīhini whakapūtā. He hanganga porotaka e taea ai te huri tere. Ko te momo rotor e whakamahia ana e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tono me ngā whakaritenga rōrahi tauira. Ka taea e ngā rotor te koki pumau, te peere hurihuri, te poutū, te whakapae rānei, ā, kua hangaia ia rotor hei whakauru i ngā momo tauira motuhake.
2. Pūnaha Puku
Ka hurihia e te pūnaha taraiwa o te mīhini centrifuge te nekehanga hurihuri o te motuka ki te hurihuri tere-teitei e hiahiatia ana mō te centrifuge. Ko te tikanga he motuka, he whitiki taraiwa, me ngā pūrei. Ka peia e te motuka te rotor mā roto i te hononga miihini, kia mau ai te tere hurihuri pumau me te pono i te wā o te tukanga wehenga.
3. Paewhiri Mana
Kei ngā mīhini whakapūtā he papa whakahaere e āhei ai ngā kaiwhakamahi ki te whakatakoto me te whakahaere i ngā tawhā rerekē. He maha ngā wā ka whakaatuhia e ēnei papa he tautuhinga mō te tere, te wā, te pāmahana, me ngā tere whakatere me te whakaheke tere. Tērā pea kei roto i ngā tauira matatau ngā kaupapa kua whakaritea i mua me ngā āhuatanga haumaru, pērā i ngā raka taupoki me ngā pūnaha kimi taurite kore.
4. Ngā Āhuatanga Haumaru
Kei roto i ngā mīhini whakapūtā he maha ngā āhuatanga haumaru hei tiaki i ngā kaiwhakamahi me ngā tauira. Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā raka taupoki e ārai ana i te whakatuwheratanga tūpono i te wā e whakamahia ana, ngā pūnaha kimi taurite kore e whakamutu tonu ana i te mīhini mēnā ka taurite te kawenga, me ngā pātene whakamutu ohorere hei whakamutu tonu.
Whakamutunga
Hei whakamutunga, he taputapu whakamiharo te mīhini centrifuge e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā ahumahi me ngā taiwhanga. Mā te whakamahi i te kaha centrifuge, ka wehewehe pai i ngā matū o ngā matotoru rerekē i roto i te ranunga, ka taea ai ngā tukanga pūtaiao me ngā tukanga tātari. Mai i te tātari tauira toto ki te tango ira DNA me te purenga pūmua, he taputapu nui tonu te mīhini centrifuge i roto i ngā mara o te hangarau koiora me ngā pūtaiao hauora. Mā te mārama ki tōna kaupapa mahi, āna tono, āna momo, me ngā wāhanga matua, ka taea e tātou te maioha ki te tūranga nui o te mīhini centrifuge i roto i ngā whanaketanga pūtaiao me te rangahau.
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