i-centrifuge ihlukanisa kanjani uketshezi

Isingeniso ku-Centrifugation kanye nezimiso zayo

I-Centrifugation iyindlela yokuhlukanisa esetshenziswa kabanzi eye yaguqula izimboni ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa nemithi, ubuchwepheshe bezinto eziphilayo, kanye nokucubungula ukudla. Lesi sihloko sihlose ukuhlola isayensi ngemuva kwe-centrifugation nokuthi ihlukanisa kanjani uketshezi ngempumelelo ngokusekelwe ekubuneni kwalo.

Ukuqonda Izimiso Zoku-Centrifugation

Embindini wayo, i-centrifugation incike ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla e-centrifugal, akhiqizwa ngokujikeleza isampula ezungeze i-axis ephakathi. La mandla adala insimu yokuhlukanisa evumela ukuthuthwa kwezinhlayiya noma izingxenye ngokuya ngobuningi bazo noma ubuningi bazo. Izinto ezixineneyo ziya emaphethelweni angaphandle, kuyilapho izinto ezilula noma uketshezi zihlala ziseduze nendawo ephakathi.

Izinhlobo ze-Centrifuges

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-centrifuge ezitholakalayo, ngayinye ihlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zokuhlukanisa. I-differential centrifugation, i-ultracentrifugation, kanye ne-density gradient centrifugation ziphakathi kwezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Lezi zindlela ze-centrifugation ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngesivinini, ukwakheka kwe-rotor, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza, okuvumela ukuguquguquka ezindaweni ezahlukene zocwaningo kanye nezezimboni.

I-Centrifugation Ehlukile Yokuhlukaniswa Kwezingxenye

I-differential centrifugation iyindlela esetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa izinhlayiya ezinobukhulu nobukhulu obuhlukene. Ngokulandela uchungechunge lwezinyathelo ze-centrifugation eziqala ngesivinini esiphansi kuya esivinini esiphezulu kancane kancane, kungenzeka ukuthola izingxenyana ezinezinhlayiya ezihlukile. Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa ku-biology yamaseli ukukhipha nokuhlukanisa izingxenye zamaseli njenge-organelles, amaprotheni, nama-nucleic acid.

I-Ultracentrifugation Yokuhlukaniswa Okunesisombululo Esiphezulu

I-Ultracentrifugation iyindlela enamandla evumela ososayensi ukuhlukanisa izingxenye ezingaphansi kwamangqamuzana ngokunemba okuphezulu. Le ndlela isebenzisa isivinini esiphezulu kakhulu futhi ivame ukudinga imishini ekhethekile eyaziwa ngokuthi ama-ultracentrifuges. Amadivayisi anjalo angazungeza amasampula ngesivinini esingaphezu kwama-revolutions ayi-100,000 ngomzuzu, akhiqize amandla amakhulu e-centrifugal.

I-Centrifugation ye-Density Gradient yokuhlukanisa okusebenzayo

I-centrifugation ye-density gradient isebenzisa umehluko wobuningi bezinto kusampula ukuze kufezwe ukuhlukaniswa okuphumelelayo. Le ndlela incike ekudaleni i-gradient ye-density yokwenziwa, ngokuvamile isebenzisa isisombululo esakhiwe ngama-gradient ahlukene kasawoti, ushukela, noma amanye amakhemikhali. Uma ifakwa ku-centrifugation, isampula iyahlukana ngokusekelwe ekungafani kobuningi, yakha ama-band noma izindawo ezihlukile.

I-Analytical Centrifugation yokuhlaziya izici

Ngale kokuhlukaniswa, i-centrifugation nayo isetshenziselwa izinjongo zokuhlaziya. I-centrifugation yokuhlaziya ilinganisa izinguquko ezingeni lokuthuthwa kwama-molecule noma izinhlayiya, inikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nosayizi wazo, ukuma, kanye nesisindo sama-molecule. Le ndlela, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-sedimentation velocity noma i-equilibrium centrifugation, idlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni efana ne-biophysics, i-protein chemistry, kanye nama-polymer.

Izicelo Zezimboni Zoku-Centrifugation

I-Centrifugation isetshenziswe kakhulu ezimbonini ezahlukene ngenxa yemvelo yayo ehlukahlukene. Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, ama-centrifuge abalulekile ekuhlukaniseni nasekuhlanzeni imithi ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Izimboni zokucubungula ukudla zisebenzisa i-centrifugation ukuhlukanisa okuqinile koketshezi, ukuhlanza iziphuzo, kanye nokukhipha amafutha embewini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-centrifugation isetshenziswa ezitshalweni zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile ukuze ihlukanise okuqinile noketshezi ngempumelelo.

Intuthuko kubuchwepheshe be-Centrifugation

Eminyakeni edlule, ubuchwepheshe be-centrifugation bubone intuthuko enkulu. Ama-centrifuge esimanje awagcini nje ngokunikeza isivinini sokujikeleza esiphezulu kodwa futhi afaka izici ezifana nokuphathwa kwesampula okuzenzakalelayo, ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa, kanye nokuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela. Lokhu kuthuthuka kunikeza abacwaningi kanye nochwepheshe bezimboni ukusebenza kahle okukhulu kanye nokuphindaphinda ezinqubweni zabo zokuhlukanisa.

Isiphetho

I-Centrifugation iguqule izimboni ezahlukene ngokunikeza indlela eqinile neguquguqukayo yokuhlukanisa uketshezi ngokusekelwe ekubuneni kwazo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuhlukanisa izingxenye zamaseli noma ukuhlanza imikhiqizo yemithi, ama-centrifuge adlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ucwaningo kanye nezinqubo zezimboni. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe, ikusasa le-centrifugation lithembisa ukunemba nokusebenza kahle okukhulu, okuguqula amasimu amaningi kanye nezicelo.