ingabe i-centrifuge ingahlukanisa izinto eziboshwe ngamakhemikhali

Ingabe i-Centrifuge ingakwazi ukuhlukanisa izinto eziboshwe ngamakhemikhali?

Isingeniso:

I-Centrifugation iyindlela esetshenziswa kabanzi emalabhorethri, ikakhulukazi yokuhlukanisa izingxube ngokuzijika ngesivinini esikhulu. Ibonakalise iphumelela ekuhlukaniseni izingxube ezakhiwe ngezigaba ezahlukene, njengoketshezi nezinto eziqinile. Kodwa-ke, umuntu angase azibuze ukuthi i-centrifuge ingahlukanisa yini izinto eziboshwe ngamakhemikhali. Lesi sihloko sihlola amathuba kanye nemikhawulo ye-centrifugation uma kukhulunywa ngokuphula izibopho zamakhemikhali nokuhlukanisa izinto eziboshwe.

1. Ukuqonda i-Centrifugation:

Ngaphambi kokufunda umbuzo okhona, kubalulekile ukuqonda izisekelo ze-centrifugation. I-centrifuge iqukethe i-rotor ejikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu, okwenza ingxube engaphakathi kwayo idlule emandleni adonsela phansi futhi ihlukane ngokusekelwe ekuhlukeni kobuningi. Izinto ezixineneyo zidonswa phansi, zakha i-pellet, kuyilapho izinto ezingaxinene kakhulu zihlala ku-supernatant.

2. Uhlobo Lwezibopho Zamakhemikhali:

Izibopho zamakhemikhali zingamandla ahlanganisa ama-athomu ukuze akhe ama-molecule nama-compound. Lezi zibopho zingaba yi-covalent, i-ionic, noma i-metallic, kuye ngohlobo lwama-athomu ahilelekile. Izibopho ze-covalent zihilela ukwabelana ngama-electron, kuyilapho izibopho ze-ionic zivela ekudluliselweni kwama-electron kusuka ku-athomu eyodwa kuya kwenye. Izibopho zensimbi zenzeka lapho ama-electron abiwa kuwo wonke ama-athomu amaningi ku-lattice yensimbi.

3. Imikhawulo ye-Centrifugation Yokuphula Izibopho Zamakhemikhali:

I-centrifuge iklanyelwe ngokuyinhloko ukuhlukanisa izingxube ngokusekelwe ekuhlukeni kobuningi, hhayi ukuphula izibopho zamakhemikhali. Izibopho zamakhemikhali zingamandla aqinile, adinga inani elikhulu lamandla ukuze aphulwe. Amandla ajikelezayo akhiqizwa yi-centrifuge ngokuvamile awanele ukunqoba la mandla ezibopho. Ngakho-ke, kuyinselele ukusebenzisa i-centrifugation yodwa ukuhlukanisa izinto eziboshwe ngamakhemikhali.

4. Ukusebenzisa Izindlela Zamakhemikhali Nezomzimba:

Nakuba i-centrifuge ingase ingasebenzi ngokwayo, isengadlala indima ewusizo ngokubambisana nezinye izindlela zokuhlukanisa izinto eziboshwe ngamakhemikhali. Ngokuhlanganisa izindlela zamakhemikhali nezingokwenyama, amandla e-bond angase ancishiswe noma aphuke, okwenza avumelane ne-centrifugation. Amanye amasu avamile asetshenziswa kanye ne-centrifugation afaka phakathi ukukhipha i-solvent, ukugaya i-enzyme, kanye nokuwohloka kokushisa noma kwamakhemikhali.

5. Ukukhishwa kwe-solvent:

Ukukhipha i-solvent kuyindlela esebenzisa i-solvents ukuncibilikisa ingxenye eyodwa yengxube ngenkathi ishiya ezinye ziphelele. Ngokukhetha i-solvent encibilikisa ngokukhetha enye yezinto ezihlanganiswe ngamakhemikhali, kungenzeka ukuthi inciphise noma iphule izibopho. Ngemva kokukhipha, i-centrifuge ingasetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa izinto ezincibilikisiwe eziqukethe i-solvent ezingxenyeni ezisele zengxube.

6. Ukugaya Ama-Enzymatic:

Ukugaya ama-enzyme kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwama-enzyme athile angaphula izibopho zamakhemikhali kuma-molecule ezinto eziphilayo. Ngokufaka ama-enzyme afanele engxubeni ngezinto eziboshwe ngamakhemikhali, izibopho zingahlukaniswa nge-enzyme noma zihlukaniswe, kuncishiswe amandla azo. Ingxube ephumayo ingabe isifakwa ku-centrifugation ukuze ihlukanise izingxenye ngobuningi bazo.

7. Ukuwohloka Kokushisa Noma Kwamakhemikhali:

Kwezinye izimo, ukufaka izinto eziboshwe ngamakhemikhali emazingeni okushisa aphezulu noma izinto eziwohlokayo ngamakhemikhali kungenza buthaka noma kuphule izibopho. Isibonelo, ukushisa ingxube kungabangela ukubola kokushisa, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwamakhemikhali athile. Ngemva kokwelashwa ngokushisa noma ngamakhemikhali, i-centrifuge ingasetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa ingxube ephumayo ngokusekelwe ekuhlukeni kobuningi.

Isiphetho:

Nakuba i-centrifuge ngokwayo ingase ingakwazi ukuphula izibopho zamakhemikhali, ingaba ithuluzi eliwusizo ekuhlukaniseni izinto eziboshwe ngamakhemikhali. Ukuhlanganisa i-centrifugation namasu afana nokukhipha i-solvent, ukugaya nge-enzyme, noma ukuwohloka kokushisa kanye namakhemikhali kungenza buthaka noma kuphule izibopho ngempumelelo, kuzenze zivumelane nokuhlukaniswa ngokusekelwe ekwehlukeni kobuningi. Ngokuqonda imikhawulo kanye namathuba e-centrifugation, ososayensi bangayisebenzisa kanye nezinye izindlela zokufeza ukuhlukaniswa okuphumelelayo kwezinto eziboshwe ngamakhemikhali.