zingaphi iintlobo zomatshini we-centrifuge
Iimashini zeCentrifuge: Isikhokelo esipheleleyo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezicelo
Intshayelelo
Oomatshini be-centrifuge zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo zelebhu ezisetyenziselwa ukwahlula ulwelo nezinto eziqinileyo ngokusekelwe kumahluko wazo wobuninzi. Bafumana usetyenziso olubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ezempilo, uphando, amayeza, kunye nesayensi yokusingqongileyo. Eli nqaku libonelela ngesishwankathelo esibanzi seentlobo ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini be-centrifuge, ligxininisa iimpawu zabo ezizodwa, usetyenziso kunye neenzuzo.
I. Iziseko zoomatshini beCentrifuge
Oomatshini be-Centrifuge basebenza ngokomgaqo wamandla e-centrifugal, apho i-rotor ejikelezayo idala intsimi enamandla ye-centrifugal. La mandla abangela ukuba amasuntswana okanye izinto ezinzima zisuke embindini, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni zahlulwe kwizinto ezikhaphukhaphu. Nazi iintlobo eziphambili zoomatshini be-centrifuge:
1.1. IiCentrifuge ze-Angle eziQinisekisiweyo
Ii-centrifuge ze-angle ezizinzileyo zezinye zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo, eziyilwe nge-angle ye-rotor ezinzileyo eqala kwiidigri ezingama-25 ukuya kuma-40. Zilungele ukwahlulwa kwezambuku ezincinci zesampulu kwaye zibonelela ngamanani aphezulu okutsalwa kwetyuwa. Ezi centrifuge zifanelekile kumsebenzi wesiqhelo webhubhoratri kwaye zisetyenziselwa izicelo ezinje ngokutsalwa kwe-DNA, uphando lweproteni, kunye nokwahlulwa kweeseli.
1.2. IiCentrifuge zeBhakethi ezijikajikayo
Ii-swinging bucket centrifuges zine-movable bucket rotor ejikelezayo esuka kwindawo ethe nkqo ukuya kwindawo ethe tye ngexesha lokusebenza. Olu tshintsho luphucula ukuxuba iisampulu kwaye luvumela ukwahlulwa kwemithamo emikhulu yesampulu. Ii-swinging bucket centrifuges zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhanki zegazi, kwiilabhoratri zokuxilonga, nakwiindawo zophando lweklinikhi.
1.3. Ii-Ultracentrifuges
Ii-Ultracentrifuge ziimashini eziphambili ze-centrifuge ezikwaziyo ukufikelela kwisantya esiphezulu sokujikeleza, ezidla ngokudlula i-100,000 RPM. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukwahlula ii-macromolecules, ii-virus, kunye namasuntswana angaphantsi kweseli ngokuchanekileyo okugqwesileyo. Ii-Ultracentrifuge zibalulekile kwiinkalo zophando lwesayensi ezifana ne-molecular biology, i-biochemistry, kunye ne-virology.
II. Oomatshini abakhethekileyo beCentrifuge
2.1. IiCentrifuge ezifakwe efrijini
Ii-centrifuge ezifakwe efrijini zinenkqubo yokupholisa eyakhelwe ngaphakathi evumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu ngexesha lokucubungula isampuli. Ezi centrifuge zibalulekile kwizicelo ezifuna amaqondo obushushu aphantsi, njengokulandelelana kwe-DNA, ukucocwa kwee-enzyme, kunye nomsebenzi wokukhulisa iiseli. Ukupholisa okulawulwayo kuthintela ukuwohloka kwesampuli kwaye kugcina isampuli ithembekile.
2.2. Ii-Microcentrifuges
Ii-Microcentrifuges ziimashini ezincinci ze-centrifuge ezenzelwe ngokukodwa ukuphatha ubungakanani obuncinci besampulu, zihlala ziqala kwi-0.2 mL ukuya kwi-2 mL. Zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwe-microtubes, ezinje ngokuhlukaniswa kwe-DNA, ukuseta i-PCR, kunye nokuchithwa kweproteni. Ubungakanani bazo obuncinci buzenza zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwezicelo zovavanyo eziphathwayo nezikwindawo yokhathalelo.
2.3. IiCentrifuge ezikhawulezayo
Ii-centrifuge ezinesantya esiphezulu zenzelwe ukufikelela nokugcina isantya esiphezulu sokujikeleza, okwenza kube lula amaxesha okwahlukana akhawulezileyo. Ezi matshini zisetyenziselwa uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, kubandakanya uphando lweentsholongwane, ukwahlulwahlulwa kweeseli ezingaphantsi, kunye nokucocwa kwe-nanoparticle. Ii-centrifuge ezinesantya esiphezulu zibonelela ngokusebenza ngcono kunye nokuveliswa kweesampuli, nto leyo ezenza zibe luncedo kwiilabhoratri ezinomthamo omkhulu.
III. Izicelo zeKliniki nezeMizi-mveliso
3.1. Amashishini Ezonyango Nokuxilonga
Kwicandelo lezonyango, oomatshini bokucoca igazi babalulekile ekuhlalutyeni nasekuxilongeni izifo ezahlukeneyo. Basetyenziswa kakhulu kwiilabhoratri zeklinikhi zokuvavanya igazi, kubandakanya ukubalwa kwegazi okupheleleyo, uhlalutyo lweglucose, kunye nokwahlulwa kwe-serum. Ukongeza, ukucoca igazi kubalulekile ekuhlalutyeni ulwelo lomzimba, njengomchamo kunye nolwelo lwe-cerebrospinal, okunceda ekuxilongweni nasekujongeni isifo.
3.2. Uphuhliso lwamayeza kunye namayeza
Oomatshini be-Centrifuge badlala indima ebalulekileyo kwishishini lamayeza, benceda ekufumaneni amayeza, ukwenziwa kwawo, kunye nolawulo lomgangatho. Basetyenziselwa iinkqubo ezinje ngokwahlulahlula izithako ezisebenzayo zamayeza (ii-API), ukucocwa kweekhompawundi, kunye novavanyo lwefomyula. Ukwenziwa kwawo kunceda izazinzulu ukuba zifumane ukwahlula ngokuchanekileyo, okufaka isandla ekuphuhlisweni ngempumelelo kwamayeza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
3.3. Isayensi Yendalo Esingqongileyo
Oomatshini be-Centrifuge basetyenziswa kakhulu kwisayensi yokusingqongileyo nakuphando, ingakumbi kunyango kunye nohlalutyo lwamanzi amdaka. Ngokwahlula izinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo kumanzi amdaka, ii-centrifuge zinegalelo ekususweni kwezinto ezingcolisayo, ziqinisekisa ukuba imithombo yamanzi icocekile. Ukongeza, zinceda ekuhlalutyweni kweesampuli zomhlaba, ekufundeni iipatheni zokwaphuka, nasekubekeni iliso kungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo.
IV. Iingenelo zooMatshini beCentrifuge
4.1. Ukusebenzisa ixesha kakuhle
Oomatshini be-Centrifuge banikezela ngokwahlukana okukhawulezileyo, okunciphisa kakhulu amaxesha okucubungula xa kuthelekiswa neendlela ezenziwe ngesandla. Olu buchule bexesha lubalulekile kwizicelo ezisebenzisa ixesha okanye iilabhoratri ezisebenzisa amandla aphezulu, nto leyo evumela uhlalutyo olukhawulezayo kunye nenkqubela phambili yophando.
4.2. Ukuchaneka okuPhuculweyo
Ukucoca nge-centrifugation kunika iziphumo ezichanekileyo kakhulu, kuqinisekisa ukwahlulwa ngokuchanekileyo kwezinto ezahlukeneyo. Umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kwezinto ezimanzi neziqinileyo ezifunyenwe nge-centrifugation uphucula ukuthembeka kweemvavanyo zelebhu kunye neemvavanyo zokuxilonga.
4.3. Ukuguquguquka kwezinto
Oomatshini be-Centrifuge zizixhobo ezisebenziseka lula ezikwaziyo ukwamkela ubungakanani kunye nomthamo weesampuli ezahlukeneyo. Ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zeerotor kunye nee-adapters, zinokukwazi ukuziqhelanisa neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zophando, nto leyo ezenza zibe yimfuneko kakhulu kwiilabhoratri ezininzi.
4.4. Ukugcinwa kweSampuli
Inkqubo yokulawula i-centrifugation inceda ekugcineni ukuthembeka kweesampuli ezinobuthathaka. Ngokwahlula ngononophelo izinto ngokusekelwe kubuninzi, iisampuli zigcina iimpawu zazo zokuqala kwaye zifanelekile ukuhlalutywa okanye ukugcinwa ngakumbi.
Isiphelo
Oomatshini be-centrifuge zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo zelebhu ezisetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo, zibonelela ngokwahlulahlula okuthembekileyo kunye nohlalutyo lwezinto ezahlukeneyo. Ukuqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini be-centrifuge abafumanekayo, usetyenziso lwabo, kunye neenzuzo ezinxulumene noko kuvumela abaphandi kunye neengcali ukuba baphucule ukusetyenziswa kwabo, ukuphucula imveliso kunye neziphumo zophando.
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