Kodi zigawo zazikulu za mbale ya disc mu centrifuge ndi ziti?

Chiyambi

Ma centrifuge ndi zida zofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mankhwala, biotechnology, ndi chakudya ndi zakumwa. Amalekanitsa zigawo mu chisakanizo chamadzimadzi kutengera kuchuluka kwawo pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya centripetal. Chimodzi mwa zigawo zofunika kwambiri za centrifuge ndi mbale ya disc, yomwe imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakulekanitsa. M'nkhaniyi, tifufuza zigawo zazikulu za mbale ya disc mu centrifuge ndi ntchito zake mwatsatanetsatane.

Mbale yamkati

Mbale yamkati ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la mbale ya disc mu centrifuge. Yapangidwa kuti igwire chisakanizo chamadzimadzi ndipo imalola kulekanitsa zigawo kutengera kuchuluka kwawo. Mbale yamkati imakhala ndi chipinda chooneka ngati cylindrical chokhala ndi pansi pa conical, chomwe chimathandiza pakulekanitsa. Pamene centrifuge ikuzungulira, mphamvu ya centripetal imapangitsa zigawo zokhuthala kupita kumphepete kwakunja kwa mbale yamkati, pomwe zigawo zopepuka zimakhala pafupi ndi pakati.

Mbale yamkati nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi zinthu zolimba monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena titaniyamu kuti ipirire mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi ya centrifugation. Imapangidwanso kuti ipirire liwiro lalikulu komanso kupanikizika kuti zitsimikizire kulekanitsidwa bwino kwa zigawo. Kuphatikiza apo, mbale yamkati ikhoza kukhala ndi zinthu zina monga malo olowera chakudya ndi malo otulutsira madzi kuti zithandize kudyetsa ndi kuchotsa chisakanizo cha madzi.

Chikwama cha diski

Chinthu china chofunikira kwambiri m'mbale ya diski mu centrifuge ndi diski stack. Disk stack imakhala ndi ma disc angapo omangidwa omwe amapangidwira kuti azitha kugawa malo okwanira. Ma disc nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zinthu monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena pulasitiki ndipo amakonzedwa mofanana mkati mwa mbale yamkati.

Chidutswa cha ma diski chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakulekanitsa zinthu popereka malo akuluakulu oti madzi osakaniza azitha kudutsamo. Pamene madziwo akudutsa mu chidutswa cha ma diski, mphamvu ya centrifugal imapangitsa kuti zinthu zokhuthala zisunthe kupita kumphepete kwakunja kwa ma diski, pomwe zinthu zopepuka zimakhala pafupi ndi pakati. Njira yolekanitsa zinthuzi imathandizidwa ndi kapangidwe ka chidutswa cha ma diski, komwe kumapanga njira zingapo kuti madziwo adutsemo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti njira yolekanitsa zinthu izi ikhale yogwira mtima.

Kuwonjezera pa kupereka malo akuluakulu olekanitsira, chikwama cha ma diski chimathandizanso kuchepetsa kugwedezeka mkati mwa mbale yamkati, zomwe zingakhudze kugwira ntchito bwino kwa njira yolekanitsira. Ma diskiwa adapangidwa kuti apange njira yosalala yoyendera madzi osakaniza, kuonetsetsa kuti zigawozo zalekanitsidwa bwino.

Msonkhano wozungulira

Chozungulira ndi njira yomwe imayang'anira kuzungulira mbale yamkati ndi ma disc stack pa liwiro lalikulu kuti ipange mphamvu yapakati yofunikira pakulekanitsa. Chimapangidwa ndi mota yoyendetsa, shaft, ndi gulu la ma bearing omwe amalola kuzungulira bwino kwa mbale yamkati ndi ma disc stack. Chozungulira ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri la mbale ya disc mu centrifuge, chifukwa chimatsimikizira liwiro ndi kukhazikika kwa njira yolekanitsa.

Mota yoyendetsera nthawi zambiri imakhala mota yamphamvu kwambiri yopangidwira kuzungulira mbale yamkati ndi chimbale cha ma disc pa liwiro loyambira mazana angapo mpaka zikwi zingapo pamphindi. Motayo imalumikizidwa ku shaft, yomwe imapita mkati mwa mbale yamkati ndikuthandizira chimbale cha ma disc. Shaft ili ndi ma bearing omwe amalola kuti mbale yamkati ndi chimbale cha ma disc zizungulire bwino komanso mokhazikika, zomwe zimaletsa kugwedezeka kapena kugwedezeka panthawi yogwira ntchito.

Cholumikizira chozungulira chimapangidwa kuti chikhale cholimba komanso chodalirika, chifukwa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu komanso mwamphamvu kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa ndi zinthu zolimba kwambiri monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena titaniyamu kuti chipirire kuuma kwa centrifugation. Kuphatikiza apo, cholumikizira chozunguliracho chingakhale ndi zida zotetezera monga zowunikira liwiro ndi njira zodzizimitsa zokha kuti zipewe ngozi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti centrifuge ikugwira ntchito bwino.

Dongosolo lotulutsa mphamvu

Dongosolo lotulutsa mpweya lili ndi udindo wochotsa zinthu zolekanitsidwa kuchokera mu centrifuge ikatha njira yolekanitsa mpweya. Lili ndi malo otulutsira mpweya ndi ma valve omwe amalola kuti zinthuzo zichotsedwe bwino kuchokera mkati mwa mbale. Dongosolo lotulutsa mpweya limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa centrifuge yonse, chifukwa limatsimikiza momwe zinthuzo zingasonkhanitsidwire ndikukonzedwa bwino.

Dongosolo lotulutsira madzi nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi malo otulutsira madzi ambiri kuti lithandize kuchotsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana m'mbale yamkati. Mwachitsanzo, mu ntchito ya biotechnology, dongosolo lotulutsira madzi lingakhale ndi malo osiyana otulutsira maselo, mapuloteni, ndi zinthu zina zolekanitsidwa. Malo otulutsira madzi amenewa amalumikizidwa ndi ma valve omwe amatha kulamulidwa kuti azilamulira kuyenda kwa zinthu zolekanitsidwa, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zisonkhanitsidwe bwino komanso kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera.

Kuwonjezera pa malo otulutsira ndi ma valve, makina otulutsira madzi akhoza kukhala ndi zinthu zina monga masensa ndi zida zowunikira kuti zitsimikizire kuti zigawozo zachotsedwa bwino. Izi zingaphatikizepo masensa a level kuti azindikire kuchuluka kwa zigawo zomwe zalekanitsidwa ndikuletsa kusefukira kwa madzi, komanso zida zowunikira kuti zitsatire kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi mawonekedwe a zigawo zomwe zalekanitsidwa.

Kapangidwe kothandizira

Kapangidwe ka chithandizo ndi chimango chomwe chimagwirizira mbale ya disc ndi zigawo zina za centrifuge pamalo ake. Chimapereka kukhazikika ndi chithandizo ku centrifuge, kuonetsetsa kuti mbale yamkati ndi diski zimakhalabe pamalo oyenera panthawi yogwira ntchito. Kapangidwe ka chithandizo ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la centrifuge, chifukwa chimatsimikizira kukhazikika ndi magwiridwe antchito a zida zonse.

Kapangidwe kothandizira nthawi zambiri kamapangidwa ndi zinthu zolimba monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena chitsulo cha kaboni kuti chipereke mphamvu ndi kulimba kofunikira. Kapangidwe kake kamakhala kolimba kuti kazitha kupirira mphamvu zomwe zimapangidwa panthawi ya centrifugation, kuphatikizapo liwiro lalikulu ndi kupsinjika komwe kumachitika mkati mwa mbale ndi disk stack. Kuphatikiza apo, kapangidwe kothandizira kakhoza kukhala ndi zinthu zochepetsera kugwedezeka kuti zichepetse kugwedezeka kulikonse kapena mayendedwe panthawi yogwira ntchito.

Kuwonjezera pa kupereka chithandizo ndi kukhazikika, kapangidwe ka chithandizo kamagwiranso ntchito pa chitetezo chonse cha centrifuge. Nthawi zambiri kamakhala ndi zinthu zotetezera monga alonda ndi malo otchingira kuti alepheretse anthu kuyenda komanso kuteteza ogwiritsa ntchito ku zoopsa zomwe zingachitike. Kapangidwe ka chithandizo kangapangidwenso kuti kagwirizane ndi miyezo ndi malamulo amakampani okhudza chitetezo cha zida, kuonetsetsa kuti centrifuge ikukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zachitetezo.

Mapeto

Mbale ya diski ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la centrifuge, ndipo zigawo zake zazikulu zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakulekanitsa. Mbale yamkati, diski yodzaza, kusonkhana kozungulira, makina otulutsira madzi, ndi kapangidwe kothandizira zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zitsimikizire kulekanitsa bwino ndi kusonkhanitsa zigawo mu chisakanizo chamadzimadzi. Kumvetsetsa ntchito ndi kapangidwe ka zigawozi ndikofunikira kwambiri pakukonza magwiridwe antchito a centrifuge m'magwiritsidwe osiyanasiyana. Poganizira zigawo zofunika kwambiri za mbale ya diski mu centrifuge, mafakitale amatha kukonza magwiridwe antchito ndi magwiridwe antchito a njira zawo zolekanitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale bwino komanso kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino.