yimaphi amandla e-centrifugal asetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa igazi

Isingeniso

Amandla e-centrifugal angumqondo oyisisekelo ku-physics odlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni eyahlukene, okuhlanganisa nezokwelapha kanye nokunakekelwa kwempilo. Emkhakheni wokuxilonga kwezokwelapha, amandla e-centrifugal asetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa izingxenye zegazi ukwenza izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene, njengokubalwa kwamaseli egazi, uhlobo lwegazi, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezimpawu zamakhemikhali ezahlukene. Lesi sihloko sihlose ukuchaza ukuthi iyini amandla e-centrifugal, ukuthi akhiqizwa kanjani, nokuthi asetshenziswa kanjani ukuhlukanisa izingxenye zegazi ngempumelelo.

1. Ukuqonda Amandla Aphakathi

Amandla e-Centrifugal angamandla aqanjiwe abonakala esebenza emzimbeni ohamba ngendlela eyindilinga. Nakuba kubonakala sengathi amandla adonsela izinto kude nesikhungo sokujikeleza, empeleni, angamandla angaphandle abangelwa ukungahlali kahle kwento. Njengoba igazi liyinto ewuketshezi, lilandela izimiso zokuguquguquka koketshezi, okwenza lifanelekele ukuhlukaniswa kusetshenziswa amandla e-centrifugal.

2. Imishini Yokucisha Ugesi: Ukubheka Kahle

Imishini ye-Centrifuge iyimishini ekhethekile esetshenziswa ezindaweni ezahlukene zezokwelapha ukuhlukanisa izingxenye zegazi. Le mishini isebenza ngesimiso samandla e-centrifugal futhi iqukethe i-rotor assembly ejikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu. Isampula yegazi ifakwa emapayipini noma ezitsheni ngaphakathi kwe-rotor bese iqhutshwa ngamandla amakhulu, okuholela ekuhlukanisweni kwezingxenye zayo ezahlukahlukene.

3. Ukwakheka Kwegazi

Ngaphambi kokuhlola inqubo yokuhlukaniswa kwegazi kusetshenziswa amandla e-centrifugal, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukwakheka kwegazi. Igazi lakhiwe yizingxenye ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa amangqamuzana abomvu egazi (ama-erythrocyte), amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi (ama-leukocyte), ama-platelet (ama-thrombocyte), kanye ne-plasma. Lezi zingxenye zinobukhulu nobukhulu obuhlukene, okwenza zibe sengozini yokuhlukaniswa nge-centrifugation.

4. Inqubo Yokuhlukaniswa Kwegazi

Inqubo yokuhlukaniswa kwegazi ihilela izinyathelo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuhlukaniswa okuphumelelayo kwezingxenye zayo. Okokuqala, isampula yegazi iqoqwa esigulini kusetshenziswa isirinji noma ipayipi lokuqoqa elikhethekile. Okulandelayo, isampula idluliselwa ngokucophelela emapayipini aklanyelwe ngqo ukucutshungulwa. Lawa mapayipi ngokuvamile aphawulwa ngesivinini esiphezulu lapho angacutshungulwa khona ukuze kugwenywe umonakalo.

5. Ukukhetha Isivinini Nesikhathi Esifanele Se-Centrifuge

Ukuze kufezwe ukuhlukaniswa okuhle kwezingxenye zegazi, kubalulekile ukukhetha isivinini esifanele kanye nobude besikhathi sokusebenza kwe-centrifugation. Izingxenye zegazi ezahlukene zinezixuku nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, okudinga imingcele ehlukene yokusebenza kwe-centrifugation. Isibonelo, esimweni sokubalwa kwamaseli egazi okuyisisekelo, isivinini esiphansi nesikhathi esifushane singanele, kuyilapho ukuhlolwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kungadinga isivinini esiphezulu kanye nobude besikhathi eside.

6. Inqubo Yokuhlukana

Uma amapayipi aqukethe isampula yegazi esebekwe ngokuphephile ku-centrifuge, i-rotor iqala ukujikeleza ngokushesha. Ukunyakaza kokujikeleza kudala amandla aphakathi nendawo asunduzela izingxenye zegazi ezixinene kakhulu phansi kwepayipi, kuyilapho izingxenye ezingaxinene kakhulu zihlala ziseduze nengaphezulu. Ngale ndlela, izingxenye zegazi ziyahlukana zibe izingqimba ezihlukile, ezingafinyelelwa kalula futhi zihlaziywe.

7. Ukuthola Nokuhlaziya Izingxenye Zegazi Ezihlukanisiwe

Ngemva kokuba inqubo ye-centrifugation isiqediwe, izingxenye zegazi ezihlukanisiwe zingatholakala ngokucophelela kusetshenziswa i-pipette noma amanye amathuluzi akhethekile. Izendlalelo, okuhlanganisa amangqamuzana abomvu egazi agcwele phansi, i-buffy coat (ungqimba oluncane lwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi nama-platelet), kanye ne-plasma ephezulu, bese kuhlolwa okwengeziwe kanye nokuhlolwa kokuxilonga.

Isiphetho

Amandla e-centrifugal ayisimiso esibalulekile esisetshenziswa emalabhorethri ezokwelapha nasezikhungweni zezempilo ukuze kuhlukaniswe izingxenye zegazi ngempumelelo. Ngokusebenzisa amandla e-centrifugation, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bangathola ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nempilo yesiguli futhi benze ukuxilongwa okunembile. Ukuqonda ukuthi amandla e-centrifugal asebenza kanjani kanye nokusetshenziswa kwawo ekuhlukaniseni igazi kwenza odokotela bakwazi ukunikeza ukunakekelwa okungcono kwesiguli futhi bathuthukise imiphumela yezempilo.