isetshenziswa kanjani i-centrifuge ukuhlukanisa igazi

Isingeniso se-Centrifugation kanye nezicelo zayo ekuhlukaniseni igazi

I-Centrifugation iyindlela esetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eyahlukene yesayensi neyezokwelapha, futhi enye yezindlela zayo ezibalulekile ukuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye zegazi. Le nqubo idlala indima ebalulekile ekuxilongweni kwezokwelapha, ocwaningweni, kanye nasekusetshenzisweni kwezokwelapha. Ngokusebenzisa isimiso samandla e-centrifugal, i-centrifuge ihlukanisa igazi ngempumelelo ibe izingxenye zayo, okuhlanganisa amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, i-plasma, nama-platelet. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuthi i-centrifuge isetshenziswa kanjani ukuhlukanisa igazi futhi siqonde ukubaluleka kwale nqubo emikhubeni yezokwelapha.

Ukuqonda Isimiso Sokusebenza Se-Centrifuge

Ukuze uqonde inqubo yokuhlukanisa igazi usebenzisa i-centrifuge, kubalulekile ukuqonda isimiso esiyisisekelo sokusebenza ngemuva kwalo mshini onamandla. I-centrifuge iyithuluzi elijikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu, lidala amandla e-centrifugal abangela ukuchitheka nokuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye ezahlukene ngokusekelwe ekubuneni kwazo nobukhulu bazo. Amandla e-centrifugal atholakala ngaphakathi kwe-rotor ye-centrifuge asunduza izinhlayiya ezisindayo ziye emaphethelweni angaphandle, kuyilapho izinhlayiya ezikhanyayo zivame ukuhlala ziseduze nendawo ephakathi.

Amapayipi Okuhlukanisa Igazi Nendima Yawo Ekuhlanganiseni Igazi

Amapayipi okuhlukanisa igazi ayizitsha eziklanywe ngokukhethekile ezenza kube lula inqubo yokuhlukanisa igazi. Lawa mapayipi aqukethe ama-anticoagulant, avimbela ukujiya kwegazi ngesikhathi sokugcinwa nokuhlukaniswa. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamapayipi okuhlukanisa igazi, ngalinye lisebenzela izinjongo ezithile. Isibonelo, amapayipi okuhlukanisa i-plasma aqukethe izithasiselo zokuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi futhi enze kube lula ukuhlukaniswa kwe-plasma ezingxenyeni zamaseli. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amapayipi okuhlukanisa i-serum aklanyelwe ukukhuthaza ukujiya kwegazi, okwenza kube lula ukuhlukaniswa kwe-serum emangqamuzana egazi. Ukukhethwa kwepayipi lokuhlukanisa igazi elifanele kuncike emphumeleni ofiselekayo wenqubo yokuhlukanisa igazi.

Inqubo Yokuhlukaniswa Kwegazi

Ukuze uhlukanise igazi ngezingxenye zalo, isinyathelo sokuqala ukuthola isampula yegazi esigulini. Ngemva kokuqoqwa, isampula yegazi ixutshwa ngobumnene ukuqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa okufanele kwe-anticoagulant noma i-clot activator ngaphakathi kwepayipi. Uma selixutshwe, ipayipi lifakwa ngokucophelela ku-centrifuge, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lilinganiswe kahle. Amapayipi angalingani angaholela ekuhlukaniseni okungekuhle noma alimaze i-centrifuge.

Lapho i-centrifuge iqala ukujikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu, amandla e-centrifugal asebenza kusampula yegazi. Izingxenye zamaseli ezikhona egazini, njengamaseli abomvu egazi, njengoba ziminyene kakhulu, ziphoqelelwa ziye phansi kwepayipi, zakha i-pellet noma i-sediment. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izingxenye ezilula njenge-plasma ziya phezulu. Ijubane kanye nobude be-centrifugation yizici ezibalulekile ezinquma ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukaniswa. Lezi zinhlaka ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-centrifuge kanye nomphumela ofiselekayo wokuhlukaniswa.

Ukuthola Izingxenye Zegazi Nokuzisebenzisa Ezinhlelweni Ezihlukahlukene

Uma inqubo ye-centrifugation isiqediwe, izingxenye ezihlukanisiwe zilungele ukuhlaziywa okuqhubekayo, ukuhlolwa, noma izinqubo zezokwelapha. Isibonelo, ingxenye ye-plasma etholakala enkambisweni ye-centrifugation icebile ngamaprotheni, izici zokujiya, kanye nama-antibodies. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ezivivinyweni zokuxilonga, njengokunquma amazinga e-cholesterol, ukuqapha ukusebenza kwesibindi, noma ukuthola izifo ezithelelanayo. Amaseli abomvu egazi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, angasetshenziswa ekumpontshelweni igazi noma ocwaningweni oluhlobene nezinkinga zegazi. Amaseli amhlophe egazi nama-platelet atholakala ekuhlukanisweni anezinhlelo zawo ezihlukile ezinqubweni ezikhethekile zezokwelapha.

Ekuphetheni, i-centrifugation iyindlela ebalulekile esetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa igazi libe yizingxenye zalo, okwenza kube lula ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha okuningi. Ngokusebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal, le nqubo isiza abacwaningi, odokotela, kanye nodokotela bokuxilonga ukuthi bahlole izifo, baqaphe impilo yesiguli, futhi bathuthukise izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha. Ukuqonda ubunzima be-centrifugation kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo ekuhlukaniseni igazi kunikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile ngendima ebalulekile edlalwa yile ndlela emkhakheni wezempilo.