i-centrifuge ihlukanisa kanjani igazi

I-Centrifuge ihlukanisa kanjani igazi?

Isingeniso:

Ukuhlukaniswa kwegazi kuyinqubo ebalulekile ezinqubweni ezahlukene zezokwelapha nezesayensi. Elinye lamathuluzi asetshenziswa kakhulu kule njongo yi-centrifuge. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuthi i-centrifuge ihlukanisa kanjani igazi nokubaluleka kwalo ezindleleni ezahlukene ezifana nokuhlolwa kokuxilonga, ukugcinwa kwegazi, kanye nocwaningo lwezokwelapha. Sizohlola indlela yokuhlukaniswa kwegazi sisebenzisa i-centrifuge futhi sixoxe ngezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-centrifuge ezisetshenziswa kule nsimu. Ngakho-ke, ake sihlole umhlaba we-centrifuge kanye nendima yawo ekuhlukaniseni izingxenye zegazi.

Ukuqonda Izingxenye Zegazi

Ngaphambi kokuba sixoxe ngokuthi ama-centrifuge ahlukanisa kanjani igazi, kubalulekile ukuba nokuqonda okuyisisekelo ngezingxenye zegazi. Igazi liqukethe ikakhulukazi amangqamuzana abomvu egazi (ama-erythrocyte), amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi (ama-leukocyte), ama-platelet (ama-thrombocyte), kanye ne-plasma. Ingxenye ngayinye isebenza umsebenzi ohlukile emzimbeni. I-plasma ithwala izakhamzimba, ama-hormone, imikhiqizo engcolile, kanye nama-antibodies, kuyilapho amangqamuzana abomvu namhlophe egazi enikela ekuthuthweni komoya-mpilo kanye nezimpendulo zomzimba, ngokulandelana.

Indima Yokuhlukaniswa Kwegazi

I-Centrifugation iyindlela esebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal ukuhlukanisa izinhlayiya ezikhona oketshezini ngokusekelwe ekubuneni kwazo. Uma kukhulunywa ngokuhlukaniswa kwegazi, i-centrifuge isetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa izingxenye okukhulunywe ngazo ngaphambili. Ngokufaka isampula yegazi ekujikelezeni okusheshayo, i-centrifuge idala amandla e-centrifugal anamandla asunduza izinhlayiya ezixineneyo, njengamaseli abomvu egazi, phansi, akha i-pellet, kuyilapho izingxenye ezingaxinene kakhulu, njenge-plasma, zihlala phezulu.

Izinhlobo ze-Centrifuges ezisetshenziswa ekuhlukaniseni igazi

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-centrifuge asetshenziselwa ukuhlukaniswa kwegazi, okuhlanganisa ama-benchtop centrifuge nama-centrifuge aqandisiwe. Ama-benchtop centrifuge asetshenziswa kabanzi emalabhorethri emitholampilo ukuze kuhlolwe igazi njalo, kuyilapho ama-centrifuge aqandisiwe esetshenziswa ukugcina amazinga okushisa aphansi ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa, ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwezingxenye ezizwela ukushisa. Zombili izinhlobo zisebenza ngezimiso ezifanayo, zisebenzisa ukunyakaza kokujikeleza okusheshayo ukukhiqiza amandla adingekayo e-centrifugal.

Inqubo Yokukhuphula I-Centrifugation

Inqubo yokuhlukaniswa kwegazi kusetshenziswa i-centrifuge ihilela izinyathelo eziningana. Okokuqala, isampula yegazi iyaqoqwa bese idluliselwa epayipini elifanele, njengepayipi le-conical centrifuge, elingamelana nesivinini esiphezulu sokujikeleza esidingekayo. Kubalulekile ukuphatha isampula ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa imiphumela enembile nethembekile. Uma isampula isiqinisiwe epayipini, ifakwa ku-centrifuge, bese isivalo sivalwa ngokuphephile.

Esinyathelweni esilandelayo, i-centrifuge ihlelwe ngezilungiselelo ezithile njengesikhathi, isivinini, kanye nokusheshisa. Lezi zilungiselelo zinqunywa ngokusekelwe emphumeleni ofiselekayo kanye nezingxenye ezihlukaniswayo. Njengoba i-rotor iqala ukujikeleza, i-centrifuge ikhiqiza amandla e-centrifugal adingekayo, okwenza izingxenye ezixinene kakhulu egazini, njengamaseli abomvu egazi, zihlukane nezingxenye ezingaxinene kakhulu. Ngemva kwesikhathi esinqunyiwe, i-centrifuge iyama.

Ukuqoqwa Nokuhlaziywa Kwezingxenye Ezihlukanisiwe

Ngemva kokuba i-centrifuge isiqedile ukujikeleza kwayo, izingxenye ezihlukanisiwe zingaqoqwa futhi zihlaziywe kabanzi. Kuye ngokusetshenziswa okudingekayo, izingxenye ezihlukanisiwe zingadluliselwa emapayipini noma ezitsheni ezahlukene ukuze zicutshungulwe kabanzi. Isibonelo, uma injongo eyinhloko ukuthola i-plasma, ingahlukaniswa ngokucophelela kwezinye izingxenye kusetshenziswa i-pipette noma elinye ithuluzi elifanele. Ngokufanayo, uma izingxenye ezithile ezifana ne-buffy coat (ezakhiwe ngamaseli amhlophe egazi nama-platelet) zidingeka, zingakhishwa futhi zicutshungulwe ngokufanele.

Isiphetho:

I-Centrifugation iyindlela ebalulekile yokuhlukaniswa kwegazi, okuvumela ososayensi nochwepheshe bezokwelapha ukuthola izingxenye zegazi ezihlanziwe ukuze zisetshenziswe ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ngokusebenzisa izimiso zamandla e-centrifugal, le nqubo ivumela ukuhlukaniswa nokuqoqwa kwezingxenye ezahlukene, njenge-plasma, amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, namaseli egazi amhlophe. Amandla okuhlukanisa igazi ngempumelelo nge-centrifuge anezindlela zokuxilonga ezithuthukisiwe kakhulu, ucwaningo, kanye nezinqubo zokwelapha, okuthuthukisa ukunakekelwa kweziguli kanye nokufaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwesayensi emkhakheni wezokwelapha.