kutheni igazi lihlukana kwi-centrifuge
Kutheni Igazi Lihlukana Kwi-Centrifuge?
Ukuqonda Izinto Eziyinxalenye Yegazi
Indima yeCentrifugation ekwahlulweni kwegazi
Izinto Ezichaphazela Ukwahlulwa Kwegazi Kwi-Centrifuge
Iindlela Ezahlukeneyo Zokwahlukanisa Igazi
Ukusetyenziswa Kweendlela Zokwahlukanisa Igazi
Ukwahlulwa kwegazi kusetyenziswa i-centrifuge yinto eqhelekileyo kwiilabhoratri zonyango nakwiindawo zophando. Le nkqubo ivumela izazinzulu ukuba zahlule kwaye zifunde iinxalenye ezithile zegazi, kuquka iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, iiplatelets, kunye ne-plasma. Ukuqonda isizathu sokuba igazi lihlukane kwi-centrifuge kufuna ulwazi lwezi nxalenye ezahlukeneyo kunye neempawu zazo zomzimba.
Ukuqonda Izinto Eziyinxalenye Yegazi
Igazi lulwelo olubalulekileyo lomzimba olunemisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo, efana nokuthuthwa kweoksijini, impendulo yomzimba, kunye nokujiya kwegazi. Liqulathe izinto ezahlukeneyo, nganye ineempawu zayo kunye nemisebenzi yayo. Ezi zinto ziquka iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, iiplatelets, kunye neplasma.
Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, okanye ii-erythrocytes, zinoxanduva lokuhambisa ioksijini emzimbeni wonke. Ziqulathe iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-hemoglobin, ebopha kwiimolekyuli zeoksijini, ivumela ukuhanjiswa kweoksijini ngokufanelekileyo. Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, okanye ii-leukocytes, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, zikhusela umzimba kwiintsholongwane nezifo. Iiplatelets, okanye ii-thrombocytes, zibandakanyeka kwinkqubo yokuqunjelwa, zithintela ukopha kakhulu. I-Plasma yinxalenye yolwelo egazini ethwala izondlo, iihomoni, kunye nemveliso yenkunkuma.
Indima yeCentrifugation ekwahlulweni kwegazi
I-Centrifugation yindlela esebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal ukwahlula izakhi zomxube ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bazo. Kwimeko yegazi, i-centrifugation ivumela ukwahlula izakhi ezahlukeneyo zegazi.
I-centrifuge sisixhobo esijikelezisa iisampuli ngesantya esiphezulu, sivelisa amandla e-centrifugal. Xa igazi lifakwa kwi-centrifuge, intshukumo yokujikeleza ibangela ukuba iinxalenye zahlulwe ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bazo. Iinxalenye ezinzima, ezifana neeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeplatelets, ziya ezantsi kwetyhubhu ye-centrifuge, ngelixa iinxalenye ezikhaphukhaphu, ezifana ne-plasma, ziphakama ziye phezulu.
Izinto Ezichaphazela Ukwahlulwa Kwegazi Kwi-Centrifuge
Zininzi izinto ezinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle nokusebenza kakuhle kokwahlulwa kwegazi kwi-centrifuge. Ezi zinto ziquka isantya sokukhawulezisa, ubude be-centrifugation, kunye nobushushu.
Isantya sokukhawulezisa, okanye isantya apho i-centrifuge ijikeleza khona, sisizathu esibalulekileyo sokwahlulwa kwegazi. Isantya sokukhawulezisa esinganelanga sisenokungadali amandla aneleyo okwahlulahlula amalungu ngokufanelekileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukwahlulwa okungaphelelanga. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, isantya sokukhawulezisa esigqithisileyo sinokukhokelela kumonakalo wesampulu okanye ukuxubana okungafunekiyo kwamalungu.
Ubude bexesha lokujikelezisa igazi bumisela ubungakanani bokwahlukana kwegazi. Ukujikelezisa okude kuvumela ukwahlukana okubanzi ngakumbi, kuqinisekisa ukuba icandelo ngalinye lahlulwe ngokwaneleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukujikelezisa igazi ixesha elide ngaphaya kwendawo ethile kunokubangela ukuba iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ziqhekeke okanye ziqhekeke, nto leyo echaphazela ukuchaneka kweziphumo.
Ubushushu bukwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwahlukaniseni igazi. Ukupholisa i-centrifuge nokugcina ubushushu buphantsi ngaphambi nangexesha lokucoca kunciphisa umngcipheko wokonakala kwezakhi zegazi. Ukongeza, ezinye izakhi, ezifana ne-plasma, zinokuba buthathaka kubushushu, nto leyo eyenza ulawulo lobushushu lube lubalulekile ukuze zigcinwe.
Iindlela Ezahlukeneyo Zokwahlukanisa Igazi
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwahlula igazi, nganye ineenzuzo zayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo. Iindlela ezimbini ezisetyenziswa rhoqo yi-differential centrifugation kunye ne-density gradient centrifugation.
Ukwahlulahlula i-centrifugation kubandakanya amanyathelo amaninzi okwahlulahlula ngesantya esonyusa kancinci kancinci. Le ndlela ivumela ukwahlulahlula iinxalenye ezinkulu zegazi, ezifana neeseli ezibomvu zegazi, kwiinxalenye ezincinci ezifana neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets. Ngokulungisa iiparameter ze-centrifugation, iinxalenye ezithile zinokwahlulwa ngokufanelekileyo.
I-centrifugation ye-density gradient centrifugation isebenzisa i-density gradient medium, edla ngokuba yisisombululo se-sucrose okanye i-ficoll, ukuze kube lula ukwahlukana. Xa igazi libekwe phezu kwe-density gradient medium kwaye lifakwe i-centrifuged, ii-components zihamba nge-medium ngokusekelwe kuxinano lwazo. Le ndlela ivelisa ii-fractions ze-blood components ezicociweyo kakhulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ilungele uphando kunye nokusetyenziswa koxilongo.
Ukusetyenziswa Kweendlela Zokwahlukanisa Igazi
Iindlela zokwahlula igazi zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zonyango nophando. Umzekelo, ekuxilongweni kwezonyango, ukwahlula i-plasma kuvumela ukulinganiswa ngokuchanekileyo kwe-biochemistry yegazi, njengokuvavanya amanqanaba eglucose, ukusebenza kwesibindi, okanye iiprofayili zamafutha. Ukwahlula iinxalenye ezithile zegazi kwenza kube lula uhlalutyo olongezelelweyo ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo zophando, kubandakanya ukufunda izifo, ukuphonononga izinto zemfuza, kunye nokuphuhlisa iindlela ezintsha zonyango.
Ukongeza, ukwahlulwahlulwa kwegazi kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zotofelo-gazi. Ukwahlula igazi libe ziinxalenye zalo kuvumela utofelo-gazi olujoliswe kulo, uvavanyo lokuhambelana notofelo-gazi, kunye nophuhliso lweemveliso zegazi ezikhethekileyo ezifana neeplatelet concentrates kunye nonyango oluvela kwiplasma.
Ukuqukumbela, igazi liyahlukana kwi-centrifuge ngenxa yobuninzi obahlukeneyo bezinto ezikulo. Ukuqonda izinto ezahlukeneyo zegazi kunye neempawu zazo zomzimba kubalulekile ukuze kwenziwe ukwahlulahlula igazi ngokufanelekileyo. Izinto ezifana nesantya sokukhawulezisa, ubude be-centrifugation, kunye nobushushu zichaphazela inkqubo, ngelixa iindlela ezifana ne-differential centrifugation kunye ne-density gradient centrifugation zisetyenziswa rhoqo. Ukusetyenziswa kweendlela zokwahlula igazi kususela ekuxilongweni kwezonyango ukuya kuphando kunye nonyango lotofelo-gazi, okwenza kube yinkqubo esisiseko kwicandelo lebhayoloji kunye nokhathalelo lwempilo.
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