Ngaba ii-colloids zingahlulwa nge-centrifugation
IiColloids: Ukujonga Ngokusondeleyo Iindlela Zokujika Nokwahlukanisa
Intshayelelo:
IiColloids liqela lezinto ezifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo nezinomtsalane ezifumaneka kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zendalo nezenziweyo. Le mixube iqulathe amasuntswana asasazeke kwindawo eqhubekayo, nto leyo edala isisombululo esizinzileyo nesibonakalayo esifanayo. Nangona zibonakala zifana, iiColloids ziye zabonakala zinzima kakhulu ngokwendlela ezahluka ngayo kunye nokwahlukana kwazo.
Kweli nqaku, siza kujonga kwihlabathi lee-colloids, sigxile kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwe-centrifugation njengendlela yokwahlulahlula. Siza kuphonononga indlela ii-colloids ezinokwahlulwa ngayo kusetyenziswa ii-centrifuges, imigaqo esemva kwenkqubo, kwaye sikhanyise ukubaluleka kokuqonda iipropati ze-colloidal kumashishini afana namayeza, ukutya, kunye nesayensi yokusingqongileyo.
I. Ukuqonda iiColloids kunye neempawu zazo:
Ngaphambi kokuba ujonge iindlela zokwahlulahlula, kubalulekile ukuqonda uhlobo lwee-colloids. Ii-Colloidal particles zahlulwe ngokwamaqela amathathu: i-solid disassed in liquid, i-liquid disassed in liquid, kunye ne-gas disassed in liquid. Uphawu oluphawulekayo lwee-colloids bubungakanani bazo, obuqhele ukuba phakathi kwe-nanometer enye ukuya kwi-micrometer enye ububanzi.
Iinkqubo zeColloidal zibonisa iimpawu ezikhethekileyo ngenxa yendawo enkulu yomphezulu kunye namandla okudibana phakathi kwamasuntswana kunye nendawo ejikelezileyo. Izinto ezifana nokuhamba kweBrownian, amandla eVan der Waals, kunye nokugxothwa kwe-electrostatic zichaphazela kakhulu ukuzinza kwazo, ukusabela kwazo, kunye nokuziphatha kokwahlukana.
II. Indima yeCentrifugation kwiColloid Distribution:
1. Ukusasazwa kweCentrifugation: Isishwankathelo seNdlela yokusebenza
I-Centrifugation yindlela yokwahlula esetyenziswa kakhulu esebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal ukwahlula izinto ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bazo kunye nobukhulu bazo. Ngokujikelezisa isampuli ngesantya esiphezulu, amasuntswana anzima aya ezantsi ngelixa izinto ezikhaphukhaphu zihlala zixhonyiwe okanye zenze iileya ezahlukeneyo.
2. Ukwahlula iiColloidal kunye neeParticles eziXoxisiweyo
IiColloids kunye neesuntswana ezixhonyiweyo, ezidla ngokubhidaniswa nezinye, zifuna iiparameter ezahlukeneyo ze-centrifugation ukuze zahlulwe ngempumelelo. Iisuntswana ezixhonyiweyo zikhulu kakhulu kwaye zinokwahlulwa ngokulula ngeendlela zemveli zokwahlulwa kwe-solid-liquid. Kwelinye icala, ii-colloids zifuna ukulungiswa ngononophelo kweeparameter ze-centrifugation ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obuncinci kunye nozinzo.
III. Iindlela zokususa i-Centrifugation zoKwahlulwa kweColloid:
1. Ukwahlulahlula kweCentrifugation: Iziseko
Ukwahlulahlula i-centrifugation kubandakanya uthotho lwe-sequential spins ngesantya esonyusayo ukuze kwahlulwe amasuntswana ngobukhulu. Ngokulungisa ubude kunye nesantya sokujikeleza ngakunye, amasuntswana amancinci e-colloidal anokwahlulwa kwizinto ezingcolisayo okanye izinto ezinkulu.
2. Ukucoca nge-Ultracentrifugation: Ukuphonononga nzulu
I-Ultracentrifugation yindlela enamandla esetyenziselwa ukwahlula amasuntswana amancinci kunalawo afumaneka nge-differential centrifugation. Ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu, esidla ngokudlula ii-100,000 revolutions ngomzuzu, ii-ultracentrifuges zinokuhlukanisa amasuntswana e-colloidal ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bawo, ekugqibeleni zikhokelele kwinkqubo yokwahlula esebenzayo.
IV. Izinto ezichaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-Centrifugation:
1. Ukusasazwa koBukhulu beeNgcawu
Ukusasazwa kobukhulu beesuntswana kwiinkqubo ze-colloidal kuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-centrifugation. Ukusasazwa kobukhulu obuncinci kuluncedo njengoko kunciphisa ukuphazamiseka phakathi kweesuntswana ezinobukhulu obahlukeneyo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekwahlukaneni okucocekileyo.
2. I-pH kunye ne-Ionic Strength
I-pH kunye namandla e-ionic enkqubo ye-colloidal zichaphazela uzinzo kunye nokusebenzisana phakathi kwamasuntswana. Ulawulo olucokisekileyo lwezi parameters lunokunciphisa ukuhlangana kwaye lukhuthaze ukwahlukana okungcono ngexesha le-centrifugation.
V. Izicelo Ezisebenzayo kunye Neembono Zexesha Elizayo:
1. Amayeza kunye neBiotechnology
Ukucoca nge-centrifugation kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwishishini leyeza, okuvumela ukwahlulwa nokucocwa kweeproteni, ii-nanoparticles, kunye nezinye izinto ze-colloidal. Le ndlela inceda ekuphuculeni iinkqubo zokuhambisa amayeza, ukwenza imixube ezinzileyo, kunye nokuphuhlisa unyango olutsha.
2. Ishishini lokutya neziselo
Ukucoca nge-centrifugation kusetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini lokutya neziselo, njengokucoca iijusi, ukwahlula ikhrimu yobisi, kunye nokukhupha ioyile kwimbewu. Ukwahlula nge-colloidal okusebenzayo kuvumela ukuveliswa kweemveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwaye kunciphisa inkcitho.
Isiphelo:
IiColloids zikho kuyo yonke indawo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, kwaye ukwahlukana kwazo nge-centrifugation kubalulekile kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zamashishini. Ukuqonda imigaqo esemva kozinzo lwe-colloidal, ukusebenzisa iindlela ezifanelekileyo ze-centrifugation, kunye nokuqwalasela izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinefuthe kubalulekile ukuze kubekho ukwahlukana okuphumelelayo.
Njengoko iteknoloji itshintsha, sinokulindela uphuhliso lweendlela ezintsha zokucoca, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuchaneka kweendlela zokwahlula. Uphando lweColloidal luyaqhubeka nokuvula indlela yokuqhubela phambili kwiinkalo ezininzi, luthembisa ikamva eliqaqambileyo kumashishini axhomekeke kwiindlela ezisebenzayo zokwahlula.
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