Ka taea te wehewehe i ngā colloid mā te centrifugation
Ngā Koroiti: He Tirohanga Tata ki ngā Tikanga Whakapūmau me te Wehewehe
Kupu Whakataki:
He rōpū matū rongonui, he mea whakamīharo hoki ngā koroidi e kitea ana i roto i ngā rauemi taiao me ngā rauemi hangai. Ko ēnei ranunga he matūriki e marara ana i roto i tētahi reo tonu, e hanga ana i tētahi otinga pumau, ōrite hoki. Ahakoa te āhua ōrite, kua kitea he tino uaua ngā koroidi i runga i te wehenga me te wehenga.
I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka rukuhia e mātou te ao o ngā korori, me te arotahi ki te whai huatanga o te centrifugation hei tikanga wehewehe. Ka tūhuratia e mātou me pēhea te wehewehe i ngā korori mā te whakamahi i ngā centrifuges, ngā mātāpono kei muri i te tukanga, ā, ka whakamāramahia te hiranga o te mārama ki ngā āhuatanga korori mō ngā ahumahi pēnei i te rongoā, te kai, me ngā pūtaiao taiao.
I. Te Mārama ki ngā Koroiti me ō rātou Āhuatanga:
I mua i te ruku ki ngā tikanga wehewehe, he mea nui kia mārama ki te āhua o ngā korori. E toru ngā wāhanga matua o ngā matūriki korori: te totoka e marara ana i roto i te wai, te wai e marara ana i roto i te wai, me te hau e marara ana i roto i te wai. Ko te āhuatanga motuhake o ngā korori ko tōna rahi, mai i te 1 nanometer ki te 1 maikiromita te whānui.
He āhuatanga ahurei ngā pūnaha colloidal nā te nui o te horahanga mata me ngā kaha ā-mata i waenga i ngā matūriki me te taiao e karapoti ana. He nui te pānga o ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te nekehanga Brownian, ngā kaha Van der Waals, me te pana hikohiko ki tō rātou pumau, te tauhohenga, me te whanonga wehewehe.
II. Te Tūranga o te Whakapūtanga i roto i te Wehenga Koroiti:
1. Te Whakapūngao: He Tirohanga Whānui mō te Tikanga
He tikanga wehewehe whānuitia te whakamahi i te kaha whakatere hei wehewehe i ngā matū i runga i te matotoru me te rahi. Mā te hurihuri i tētahi tauira i ngā tere teitei, ka totohu ngā matūriki taumaha ki raro, ko ngā wāhanga māmā ake ka noho iri, ka hanga rānei i ngā paparanga motuhake.
2. Te Wehewehe i ngā Matūriki Colloidal me ngā Matūriki Whakatārewatia
He rerekē ngā tawhā whakaterenga e hiahiatia ana mō te wehenga angitu o ngā matūriki colloid me ngā matūriki iri, arā, ngā matūriki iri. He nui ake ngā matūriki iri, ā, ka taea te wehewehe ngāwari mā roto i ngā tikanga wehenga totoka-wai tuku iho. I tētahi atu taha, me arotau ngā tawhā whakaterenga mō ngā colloid nā te iti o te rahi me te pumau.
III. Ngā Tikanga Whakapūmau mō te Wehenga Koroiti:
1. Te Whakapūtanga Rerekētanga: Ngā Kaupapa Taketake
Ko te whakapūtanga rerekē he raupapa o ngā takahuri raupapa i ngā tere piki haere hei wehewehe i ngā matūriki mā te rahi. Mā te whakarerekē i te roanga me te tere o ia takahuri, ka taea te wehe i ngā matūriki kōrori iti ake i ngā poke, i ngā matū nui ake rānei.
2. Te Whakapūngao-ā-Ultra: Te Ruku Hōhonu Ake
He tikanga kaha te ultracentrifugation e whakamahia ana hei wehewehe i ngā matūriki iti ake i ērā e tutukihia ana mā te centrifugation rerekē. I ngā tere tino teitei, neke atu i te 100,000 hurihanga ia meneti, ka taea e ngā ultracentrifuge te wehewehe i ngā matūriki colloidal i runga i tō rātou kiato, ā, ka mutu, ka hua ake he tukanga wehenga whai hua.
IV. Ngā Take e Pā Ana ki te Whai Hua o te Whakapūtanga:
1. Te Tohatoha Rahi o te Matūriki
He nui te pānga o te tohatoha rahi matūriki i roto i ngā pūnaha korori ki te whai huatanga o te centrifugation. He pai ngā tohatoha rahi whaiti nā te mea ka whakaitihia te pokanoa i waenga i ngā matūriki rerekē te rahi, ka hua ake he wehenga ma.
2. pH me te Kaha Ionic
Ka pā te pH me te kaha katote o te pūnaha kōrori ki te pumau me te taunekeneke i waenga i ngā matūriki. Mā te āta whakahaere i ēnei tawhā ka taea te whakaiti i te whakahiatotanga me te whakatairanga i te wehenga pai ake i te wā o te centrifugation.
V. Ngā Whakamahinga Whaihua me ngā Tirohanga ā-Mārama:
1. Ngā Rongoā me te Hangarau Koiora
He mea nui te mahi a te centrifugation i roto i te umanga rongoā, e āhei ai te wehe me te purenga o ngā pūmua, ngā matūriki nano, me ētahi atu wāhanga colloidal. Ka āwhina tēnei tikanga ki te whakapai ake i ngā pūnaha tuku rongoā, te hanga i ngā whakatārewatanga pumau, me te whakawhanake i ngā maimoatanga hou.
2. Ahumahi Kai me te Inu
He maha ngā whakamahinga o te centrifugation i roto i te umanga kai me te inu, pērā i te whakamārama i ngā wai, te wehewehe i te kirīmi miraka, me te tango hinu mai i ngā purapura. Mā te wehenga colloidal whai hua ka taea te whakaputa hua kounga teitei, ā, ka whakaiti i te moumou.
Whakatau:
Kei ngā wāhi katoa ngā koroid i roto i ō tātou oranga o ia rā, ā, he mea nui te wehenga mā te centrifugation mō ngā momo ahumahi. He mea nui te mārama ki ngā mātāpono kei muri i te pumau o te koroid, te whakamahi i ngā tikanga centrifugation tika, me te whakaaro ki ngā āhuatanga awe maha mō te wehenga angitu.
I te whanaketanga o te hangarau, ka taea e tātou te matapae i te whanaketanga o ngā huarahi hou mō te centrifugation, hei whakapai ake i te whai huatanga me te motuhaketanga o ngā tikanga wehewehe. Kei te haere tonu te rangahau colloidal ki te whakatakoto i te ara mō ngā whanaketanga i roto i ngā mara maha, me te oati i tētahi heke mai kanapa ake mō ngā ahumahi e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā tikanga wehewehe whai hua.
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