Mochini oa centrifuge o bolela'ng?

Mochini oa Centrifuge: Ho Ntlafatsa Bokgoni le ho Sebetsa ka Botlalo Liindastering tse Fapaneng

Selelekela

Mechini ea centrifuge e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa liindastering tse ngata, e nolofalletsang karohano ea lintho ho latela bongata, boholo, kapa ho teteana. Lisebelisoa tsena li sebelisa matla a centrifuge, ketsahalo eo ntho e tsamaeang tseleng e kobehileng e utloang matla a kantle. Ka ho potoloha lisampole ka lebelo le phahameng, mechini ea centrifuge e arola likarolo ka katleho, e leng se etsang hore e be lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa lipatlisisong tsa saense, tlhahlobo ea bongaka le lits'ebetso tsa tlhahiso. Sehloohong sena, re tla hlahloba moelelo oa mechini ea centrifuge, re hlahlobe lits'ebetso tsa eona liindastering tsohle, 'me re buisane ka melao-motheo le mefuta ea eona ea ts'ebetso.

I. Ho Utloisisa Mechini ea Centrifuge

A. Tlhaloso le Nalane

Mechini ea centrifuge ke lisebelisoa tse sebelisetsoang ho arola lintho kapa likarolo ho tsoa motsoakong ka matla a centrifuge. Matla ana a lumella likaroloana tse boima ho sutumelletsoa ho ea fihla moeling oa sesebelisoa sa ho potoloha, ha lintho tse bobebe li atisa ho lula li le haufi le setsi. Khopolo ea centrifuge e simolohile lekholong la bo19 la lilemo ha bafuputsi ba ne ba batla mekhoa e sebetsang ea ho arola metsoako. Tsoelo-pele e latellanang e ile ea lebisa nts'etsopele ea mechini ea sejoale-joale ea centrifuge, e leng se ileng sa lebisa tsoelo-peleng mafapheng a mangata a saense.

B. Melao-motheo ea Ts'ebetso

Mechini ea centrifuge e sebetsa ho latela molao-motheo oa ho sedimentation, e sebelisa matla a hlahisoang ke ho potoloha ho ea likarolong tse arohaneng ho latela bongata ba tsona. Ha mochini o ntse o potoloha ka potlako, motsoako o ka hare ho sesebelisoa o ba le matla a kantle, o nolofalletsang karohano ea likaroloana. Ts'ebetso ena e molemo haholo ha ho sebetsanoa le metsi kapa li-suspension tse nang le lintho tse tiileng tse sa qhibiliheng.

II. Likopo Liindastering tse Fapaneng

A. Lefapha la tsa bongaka le meriana

Mechini ea centrifuge e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa indastering ea bongaka le ea meriana. Lisebelisoa tsena li sebelisoa lilaboratoring bakeng sa ho arola likarolo tsa mali, lisele le lisampole tsa DNA. Lisampole tsa mali tse fumanoang ho bakuli hangata li sebetsoa ka ho sebelisa centrifuge ho arola plasma, serum le lisele tse fapaneng tsa mali. Ho feta moo, lik'hamphani tsa meriana li itšetleha ka mechini ea centrifuge ho arola metsoako e fapaneng ea metsi, e leng se thusang tlhahiso ea meriana le liente.

B. Lipatlisiso tsa Saense

Mechini ea centrifuge e sebelisoa haholo lipatlisisong tsa saense mafapheng a kang baeloji, k'hemistri le fisiks. Baelojing, bafuputsi ba sebelisa centrifuge ho arola likarolo tsa sele, ho arola li-organelle tse ka tlas'a sele, le ho ithuta likamano tsa limolek'hule. Lefapheng la k'hemistri, mechine ea centrifuge e thusa ho hloekiseng metsoako, ho arola metsoako le ho hlalosa likarolo tsa limolek'hule. Fisiks, mechine ena e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa thutong ea likaroloana le likamano tsa tsona.

C. Tlhahlobo ea Tikoloho

Mechini ea centrifuge e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa tlhahlobong ea tikoloho ka ho arola likarolo tse fapaneng tsa metsi a litšila, lithōle le lisampole tsa mobu. Ka ho khetholla le ho lekanya likarolo tse fapaneng, bafuputsi ba ka lekola maemo a tšilafalo, ba beha leihlo boleng ba metsi, le ho lekola litlamorao tsa tikoloho. Mekhoa ea centrifuge e sebelisoa ho sekaseka mahloriso a tšepe e boima, li-hydrocarbon tsa peterole le bongata ba likokoana-hloko, ho thusa bo-rasaense ba tikoloho ho etsa liqeto tse nang le tsebo mabapi le boiteko ba tokiso le paballo.

D. Indasteri ea Oli le Khase

Indastering ea oli le khase, mechine ea centrifuge e sebelisoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse holimo le tse tlase. Lisebelisoa tsena li thusa ho arola oli e tala, khase ea tlhaho le metsi, li nolofatsa ts'ebetso e sebetsang ea ho hloekisa le ho sebetsana. Mechine ea centrifuge e ka arola litšila ho oli e tala, e netefatsa sehlahisoa sa boleng bo holimo le ho fokotsa likotsi tsa tikoloho. Li boetse li sebelisoa mesebetsing ea ho cheka, moo li tlosang seretse sa ho cheka le litšila tse tiileng ho tsoa maro a ntšitsoeng.

III. Mefuta ea Mechini ea Centrifuge

A. Li-Ultracentrifuge

Li-ultracentrifuge ke mechine e lebelo le phahameng e khonang ho hlahisa matla a khoheli a phahameng haholo. Lisebelisoa tsena li ka fihlella lebelo le makatsang la ho fihla ho li-revolutions tse 150,000 ka motsotso (rpm) 'me li sebelisoa haholo-holo lilaboratoring tsa lipatlisiso bakeng sa ts'ebetso e bonolo joalo ka ho arola limolek'hule tse kholo joalo ka liprotheine le li-nucleic acid. Li-ultracentrifuge li na le li-rotor tse khethehileng 'me li sebelisoa tlas'a maemo a laoloang ka hloko ho netefatsa liphetho tse nepahetseng le tse nepahetseng.

B. Li-Centrifuge tse Sehatsetsing

Di-centrifuge tse sehatsetsing, jwalo ka ha lebitso le bontsha, di kenyeletsa mekgwa ya ho phodisa ho boloka mocheso o tlase nakong ya ho centrifuga. Mechini ena e sebediswa haholo dilaboratoring tse sebetsang ka disampole tse hlokolosi tsa baeloji tse hlokang taolo ya mocheso ho boloka botsitso ba tsona. Ka ho fokotsa kotsi ya ho senyeha ha sampole le ho netefatsa botsitso, di-centrifuge tse sehatsetsing ke disebediswa tsa bohlokwa dipatlisisong tsa bongaka le ditshebedisong tsa tlhahlobo.

C. Microcentrifuges

Li-Microcentrifuge ke mechine e menyenyane ea centrifuge e sebelisoang haholo-holo bakeng sa ho sebetsana le lisampole tse nyane libakeng tsa laboratori. Li etselitsoe ho sebetsa ka lebelo le phahameng, hangata ho tloha ho 10,000 ho isa ho 20,000 rpm. Li-Microcentrifuge li fumana lits'ebetso mafapheng a fapaneng, joalo ka biochemistry, liphatsa tsa lefutso le baeloji ea limolek'hule, e leng se lumellang bafuputsi ho arola ka potlako likarolo tsa sele le limolek'hule tse fapaneng.

D. Li-Centrifuge tsa Liindasteri

Mechini ea centrifuge ea indasteri e etselitsoe ka ho khetheha ho sebetsana le mefuta e mengata ea metsoako lits'ebetsong tsa tlhahiso. Lisebelisoa tsena tse matla li hahiloe ho mamella maemo a thata 'me li sebelisoa makaleng a kang lijo le lino, lik'hemik'hale le kalafo ea metsi a litšila. Centrifuge ea indasteri e netefatsa karohano e sebetsang ea metsi le lintho tse tiileng, e ntlafatsa boleng ba sehlahisoa, le ho ntlafatsa lits'ebetso tsa tlhahiso.

E. Li-Centrifuge tsa Kliniki

Mechini ea centrifuge ea bongaka e sebelisoa haholo lilaboratoring tsa bongaka, lipetlele le litleliniking bakeng sa mekhoa ea tlhahlobo ea kamehla. Hangata lisebelisoa tsena li tla ka mehlala ea benchtop 'me li sebelisoa ho arola lisampole tsa mali, ho fumana plasma kapa serum, le ho sekaseka li-biomarker tse fapaneng. Centrifuge ea bongaka e ntlafatsa lebelo le ho nepahala ha liteko tsa tlhahlobo, e leng se nolofalletsang litsebi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo ho etsa liqeto tse nakong mabapi le tlhokomelo ea bakuli.

Qetello

Mechini ea centrifuge ke lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa haholo liindastering tse fapaneng, e fetola lipatlisiso tsa saense, tlhahlobo ea bongaka le lits'ebetso tsa tlhahiso. Ka bokhoni ba eona ba ho arola lintho ho latela bongata, boholo, kapa ho teteana, mechine ena e fetohile metsoalle ea bohlokoa lilaboratoring, lik'hamphaning tsa meriana le mafapheng a indasteri. Ha theknoloji e ntse e tsoela pele ho hatela pele, ntle ho pelaelo mechine ea centrifuge e tla bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho ntlafatseng bokhoni, ho nepahala le tsoelo-pele liindastering tse fapaneng.